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Marijuana and the Cannabinoids
Although primarily used today as one of the most prevalent illicit leisure drugs, the use of Cannabis sativa L., commonly referred to as marijuana, for medicinal purposes has been reported for more than 5000 years. Marijuana use has been shown to create numerous health problems, and, consequently, the expanding use beyond medical purposes into recreational use (abuse) resulted in control of the drug through international treaties. Much research has been carried out over the past few decades following the identification of the chemical structure of THC.The purpose of Marijuana and the Cannabinoids is to present in a single volume the comprehensive knowledge and experience of renowned researchers and scientists. Each chapter is written independently by an expert in his/her field of endeavor, ranging from the botany, the constituents, the chemistry and pharmacokinetics, the effects and consequences of illicit use on the human body, to the therapeutic potential of the cannabinoids.
L’insuffisance rénale aiguë = Acute renal failure
The aim of this book is to make current data from the experimental and clinical literature accessible to readers. More than a thousand articles are published each year on the theme and the authors aim to synthesize this information. These data relate in particular to the identification of early markers of renal dysfunction without which screening, recognition of the main pathophysiological determinants and prevention remain uncertain. This book focuses attention on clinical situations characterized by the renal impact of the main dysfunctions of vital functions, the prognosis of which is worsened by the occurrence of this renal failure. The following will be treated in particular: the renal consequences of oxidative stress, the renal consequences of respiratory dysfunction, cardiac dysfunction, hepatic dysfunction, alterations in hemostasis, septic shock and hemorrhagic shock. Finally, the physiopathological data from experimental models are gradually finding their echo in the clinical field, opening up therapeutic avenues whose recent evaluations will be analyzed.
Kaposi Sarcoma Herpesvirus : New Perspectives
Since the identificationof two sequences fromKSHV,wehave learnedmuch about this pathogen as reflected in this book. As it turned out, KSHV itself encodes for a number of cytokines, and induces cellular cytokine secretion, contributing to tumour growth. Moreover, KSHV vFLIP targets the IKKNFκB axis to encourage the inflammatory microenvironment observed by Gallo and his colleagues. KSHV continues to elucidate both mechanisms of viral oncogenesis, and cellular and immune pathways involved in non-viral driven neoplasia.
Comparative Placentation : Structures, Functions and Evolution
Science produces fascinating puzzles: why is there such a range of placental structures when other mammalian organs are so structurally uniform ? Why and how did the different placental structures evolve ? Comparative placental studies can facilitate the identification of the common factors in placental growth, differentiation and function and their relevance to possible evolutionary pathways. Comparative Placentation is the only book presenting up-to-date data illustrating the great variety of structure but uniform function of vertebrate placentas from fish to man. This information is essential for selection of suitable models to investigate particular practical problems of impaired or anomalous growth in human and animal placentation. The unique collection of the best light and electron micrographs from the last thirtyfive years which precisely illustrate the structural range in each taxon, make the book the most authoritative publication in this field and a vital source of information for anyone interested on reproductive physiology, anatomy and medicine.
Community-Acquired Pneumonia
Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) is a disease associated with high morbidity and mortality, with at least one third of cases requiring hospitalization, exceeding the numbers admitted for myocardial infarction and stroke. Despite a broad armamentarium of antimicrobials available, it remains an important cause of death in industrialized countries. CAP is caused by a variety of pathogens with their order of importance dependent on the location and population studied. Despite the importance of CAP, reliable data and a recommended evidence-based therapy are lacking, and basic research must be improved. The goal of this volume is to present state-of-the-art knowledge on epidemiology, clinical presentation, immunology, pathology, and diagnosis including the identification of "new pathogens". Therapeutic approaches, antibiotics resistance, disease management and vaccination strategies are also covered. The volume is of interest to researchers and clinicians in virology, epidemiology and biomedicine.
Chromatin and Disease
It is more evident now than ever before that dynamic organization of human genome into nucleoprotein structure, chromatin confers the unique regulatory mechanisms for most of the cellular phenomena, which include replication, transcription, DNA repair, recombination and also apoptosis. The dynamic nature of the chromatin is regulated by chromatin modifications (epigenetic alterations), remodeling, histone chaperones and functional interactions of different chromatin interacting n- histone proteins. Dysfunction of this highly inter connected machineries disturb the cellular homoeostasis, and thereby causes several diseases. As we advance in our knowledge of chromatin function and also disease mechanisms in more details, their causal relationship is becoming more evident. This has lead to the identification of chromatin function as target for new generation therapeutics.
Checkpoint Responses in Cancer Therapy
This book’s distinguished panel of authors takes a close look at topics ranging from the major molecular players affecting DNA synthesis and the response to DNA damage to advances made in the identification of chemical compounds capable of inhibiting individual mitotic kinases. Illuminating and authoritative, Checkpoint Responses in Cancer Therapy offers a critical summary of findings for researchers in the pharmaceutical and biotechnology industries and a valuable resource for academic scientists in cancer research and the study of cell-cycle regulation, signal transduction and apoptosis.
CD137 Pathway : Immunology and Diseases
This comprehensive volume, written by experts in the field, covers nearly all aspects of ongoing research related to the CD137 pathway. Recent research has shown that the manipulation of CD137 pathway molecules is very promising in the treatment of cancer, viral infection, transplantation rejection and autoimmune diseases in experimental animal models. The volume includes research related to the identification and understanding of functional consequences of CD137 receptor and ligand molecules which represents a major effort in the field of immunology. CD137 Pathway: Immunology and Diseases is an ideal book for immunologists, microbiologists, cancer researchers, molecular biologists, biochemists, and pharmaceutical and biotechnology company scientists.
Cancer Stem Cells : Novel Concepts and Prospects for Tumor Therapy
This book describes the recent developments in the emerging field of cancer stem cells. Their possible impact for the identification of novel treatment paradigms for cancer are discussed. The book will mainly be of interest to scientists and clinicians involved in cancer research, or to students wishing to enter into this area.
Cancer Proteomics : From Bench to Bedside
the authors collectively provide the current status of proteomics in cancer therapy and offers the existing technologies used in proteomics that allow for protein profiling and for the identification of druggable targets in human samples. Mass spectrometry based protein characterization and protein microarrays hold great promise of predicting response to specific drugs in cancer therapy. Insightful to the reader with broad perspectives on topics related to the use of proteomic strategies in cancer therapy, Cancer Proteomics offers anticipated challenges that may arise from its application in daily practice.
Cancer drug safety and public health policy : A changing landscape
Description and analysis of recent developments and current trends in health policy with regard to cancer drug safety. Opens with an overview of pharmacovigilance for cancer blockbuster drugs, covering both general considerations and efforts to develop a structured framework for the identification and reporting of adverse drug reactions (ADRs). A number of important examples of serious ADRs to hematology and oncology drugs are then reviewed, with evaluation of the lessons learned and the policy implications of the ensuing legal cases and their settlements. Further, the difficulty of reporting such blockbuster side effects in the medical literature is explored in an empirical study. Significant advances have been achieved in analytic methods for the identification of ADRs, and here there is a particular focus on the value of optimal discriminant analysis. Finally, the impacts on pharmacovigilance and drug safety of the huge fines paid under the U.S. False Claims Act relating to the defrauding of governmental programs also receive careful attention – these fines are playing an important role in changing the landscape for pharmaceutical safety.
Barile's clinical toxicology : Principles and mechanisms ; 3rd ed.
Examines the complex interactions associated with clinical toxicological events as a result of therapeutic drug administration or chemical exposure. Special emphasis is placed on signs and symptoms of diseases and pathology caused by toxins and clinical drugs. Includes the source, pharmacological and toxicological mechanism of action, detection and identification in body fluids, and treatment of exposure. An overview of protocols for managing various toxic ingestions, and the antidotes and treatments associated with their pathology, are discussed. In addition, effect of toxins on a limited number of body systems and drug-induced adverse drug reactions are also covered
Association Mapping in Plants
For the past decade, there has been success in using conventional map-based strategies in identification and cloning of quantitative trait loci (QTL) in model plant species including tomato and Arabidopsis. These quantitative traits are generally the products of many loci with varying degrees of effect upon the observed phenotypes. Recently, a new approach to genetic mapping has emerged called association mapping. This new technique takes into account the thousands of genes to evaluate for QTL effect and is a more efficient approach that does not require generation of segregating populations/large numbers of progeny. As it can utilize all of the historic recombination events in a diverse population of individuals it can generate higher resolution genetic maps and, is needed to complement current map based cloning methods.
Arrhythmogenic RV cardiomyopathy / dysplasia : Recent advances
This book covers all aspects (biological, pathological, genetic, clinical and therapeutical) of arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy/dysplasia, a recent cardiomyopathy which represents a very high risk of sudden death in the young and in athletes. The monograph presents the results of 5-year research program on ARVC/D supported by grants of both the European Commission and the NIH, which enabled the discovery of seven disease-causing genes, thus opening new avenues for the early identification of affected patients and for sudden death prevention.
Antibiotics : Methods and protocols
Provides state-of-the-art and novel methods on antibiotic isolation and purification, identification of antimicrobial killing mechanisms, as well as methods for the analysis and detection of microbial responses and adaptation strategies. Antibiotics: Methods and Protocols, Second Edition, guides readers through updated and entirely new chapters on production and design, mode of action, and response and resistance. Written in the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology series format, chapters include introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible laboratory protocols, and tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls.
AIDS-Associated Viral Oncogenesis
AIDS-associated viral oncology is a significant healthcare problem. Since the identification of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-associated acquired immune disease syndrome (AIDS), the role of viruses in human cancers has become acutely apparent over the past twenty years. The understanding and treatment of AIDS-associated cancers has become a major concern among healthcare organizations. Human cancers that were once rare in the population have now become common within the HIV infected population.
Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia : Molecular Genetics, Mouse Models and Targeted Therapy
Over the past 10 years, work on acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) has become the paradigm of translational research that began with the discovery of a recurrent chromosomal translocation, followed by the identification of the genes and proteins involved, finding their molecular functions in transcriptional control, establishing mouse models and culminating in the development of targeted therapy.
Acceleration and Improvement of Protein Identification by Mass Spectrometry
this book is presenting a review of basic proteomic techniques. The second part of the book is related to the novel high throughput protein identification technique called the 'molecular scanner'
Abiotic Stress Tolerance in Plants : Toward the Improvement of Global Environment and Food
Stresses in plants caused by salt, drought, temperature, oxygen, and toxic compounds are the principal reason for reduction in crop yield. For example, high salinity in soils accounts for large decline in the yield of a wide variety of crops world over; ~1000 million ha of land is affected by soil salinity. Increased sunlight leads to the generation of reactive oxygen species, which damage the plant cells. The threat of global environment change makes it increasingly demanding to generate crop plants that could withstand such harsh conditions. Much progress has been made in the identification and characterization of the mechanisms that allow plants to tolerate abiotic stresses.
Machine learning in healthcare : Fundamentals and recent applications
Discusses how to build various ML algorithms and how they can be applied to improve healthcare systems. Healthcare applications of AI are innumerable: medical data analysis, early detection and diagnosis of disease, providing objective-based evidence to reduce human errors, curtailing inter- and intra-observer errors, risk identification and interventions for healthcare management, real-time health monitoring, assisting clinicians and patients for selecting appropriate medications, and evaluating drug responses. Extensive demonstrations and discussion on the various principles of machine learning and its application in healthcare is provided, along with solved examples and exercises.
