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سلطة القاضي في تقدير العقوبة بين الحدين الأدنى و الأعلى The judge's authority to assess the penalty between the lower and upper limits
تشير الدراسة إلى أن سلطة القاضي التقديرية تتيح للقاضي تقدير الظروف الفردية والملابسات المحيطة بكل جريمة، وبناءً على ذلك، يحق له تحديد العقوبة المناسبة والمتناسبة للجريمة المرتكبة. ومن الضروري أن يمارس القاضي هذه السلطة بحكمة وعدالة، وأن يلتزم بمبادئ العدالة الجنائية وحقوق الأفراد.كما يسلط البحث الضوء على أهمية ضمان تطبيق العدالة واحترام حقوق المتهمين والمدعى عليهم خلال عملية تقدير العقوبة.
دور الشرطة الجنائية الدولية (الإنتربول) في مكافحة الإرهاب The role of the international criminal police organization (INTERPOL) in combating terrorism
يتناول البحث التعرف على مدى فعالية دور المنظمة الدولية للشرطة الجنائية في مكافحة الارهاب والتصدي له، وذلك من خلال التعرف على أبعاد جريمة الارهاب و توضيح دوافعه التي تكمن وراء تفاقم و أنتشار تلك الجريمة ، والبحث في مفهوم و اشكال و اهداف تلك الجريمة ، و التعرف على نشأة المنظمة الدولية للشرطة الجنائية ، و توضيح مهامها و أهدافها ، وبيان آليات عملها في هذا الشأن.
التعاون الدولي في مجال مكافحة المخدرات International cooperation in the field of drug control
يهدف هذا البحث إلى توضيح أخطر الجرائم المنظمة العابرة للحدود والتي إنتشرت بصورة واسعة في القرن التاسع عشر، ألا وهي جرائم المخدرات، وإدراك المجتمع الدولي لمدى خطورة الارتفاع المطرد لجرائم الإتجار الدولي للمخدرات، وما يتبعه من مخاطر على الافراد والمجتمعات، سوف نوضح في المبحث الأول مفهوم المخدرات، وأبرز أنواعها ، و من ثم سوف نتطرق إلى أسباب انتشار المخدرات وتأثيرها.
Whey Protein Production, Chemistry, Functionality, and Applications
Explores the science and technology behind the rapidly increasing popularity of this most versatile of dairy by-products. With its richly nutritious qualities, whey protein has been widely used in the food industry for many years. The last decade has, however, seen manufacturers develop many innovative and exciting new applications for it, both in food and other areas.
What is Drug Addiction?
Drug addiction is A socially common term and medically means Dependence that is a complex neurobiological disease that requires integrated treatment of the mind, body, and spirit. It is considered a brain disease because drugs change the brain, they change its structure and how it works. Without treatment, these brain changes can be long-lasting, Addiction is chronic, progressive, and if left untreated, it can be fatal. Individuals struggling with drug addiction often feel as though they cannot function normally without their drugs. This can lead to a wide range of issues that impact addictive daily life, personal relationships, and overall health. Over time, these serious side effects can be progressive, and if left untreated, it will lead to death.
Voice controlled robotic arm
The study presents an innovative voice-controlled prosthetic hand for amputees below the elbow to retrieve some of the hand movements of their daily life. This light weight hand is designed to enable movement of the fingers as the user commands, using artificial intelligence (AI) and a Raspberry Pi 4 computer. A speech recognition algorithm is used to detect the spoken command from the user and send it to the AI module which then drives servomotors placed inside each finger of the prosthetic hand in order to give motion. With help of a mobile application that allows the user to insert new commands with different moves among other features.
Vitamin E in Human Health
Examines the role of vitamin E as an essential micronutrient in human health and its extensive clinical benefits. Sections cover a wide breadth of topics, including vitamin E intake and recommended daily allowance, understanding the biological activities of Vitamin E and observed physiological effects, benefits of vitamin E on upper respiratory infections, cardiovascular disease, age-related macular degeneration, Alzheimer’s disease, and intake safety. The text serves to emphasize the importance of vitamin E in relation to disease prevention as well as to raise awareness of the number of health conditions where an increased intake of vitamin E can be of potential significance. It explores vitamin E in an up-to-date, science based, applicable real-life perspective and offers pragmatic solutions for its safe and personalized use beyond the various methodological and statistical controversies.
Vitamin C in human health and disease : Effects, mechanisms of action, and new guidance on intake
Presents the scientific evidence on the effects of vitamin C / Clarifies mechanism of action and benefits / Provides new guidance on daily vitamin C intake Presents the scientific evidence for the role of vitamin C in health and disease and offers new guidance on vitamin C intake in humans. The importance of vitamin C in preventing cancer and cardiovascular disease, its relevance to aging and stress, and its impacts on each of the human body systems are thoroughly assessed on the basis of the author’s extensive research and his deep understanding, as an anatomy professor, of the body as a whole. Findings published in the international scientific literature are fully taken into account, and due consideration is also given to empirical evidence, bearing in mind that mechanisms of action cannot always be precisely defined in the absence of human experiments. Beyond providing an up-to-date scientific perspective on the effects of vitamin C, the author hopes to promote human health worldwide by encouraging proper use of the vitamin.
Visual delight in architecture : Daylight, vision, and view
Examines the many ways that our lives are enriched by the presence of natural daylight and window views within our buildings. It makes a compelling case that daily exposure to the rhythms of daylight is essential to our health and well-being, tied to the very genetic foundations of our physiology and cognitive function. It describes all the subtlety, beauty, and pleasures of well-daylit spaces and attractive window views, and explains how these are woven into the fabric of both our everyday sensory experience and enduring cultural perspectives.
Venous Thromboembolism : Prevention and Treatment
Pulmonary thromboembolism in Japan is currently associated with a high mortality rate and remains a concern for patients and medical staff alike. Moreover, as the mechanisms of the condition have been elucidated, it has become clear that much work needs to be done in the field to achieve acceptable results in this country. Thus, Japan has regularly played host to the International Symposium on Pulmonary Thromboembolism . At the most recent symposium, in Sendai, the epidemiology and the treatment of pulmonary thromboembolism, traveler's thrombosis, and the prevention of deep vein thromboembolism were discussed, particularly with reference to the differences between Japan and Western countries. The fruits of the collaboration between that assembly of international specialists can be found in this collection of work. It provides an in-depth look at the current concepts that guide the treatment and prevention of the disease, and at the problem areas that must be improved upon.
Ultradian Rhythms from Molecules to Mind : A New Vision of Life
Timing exerted by oscillatory mechanisms are found throughout the biological world and their periods span a wide range from milliseconds, as in the action potential of n- rons and the myocytes, to the slow evolutionary changes that require thousands of generations. In this context, to understand the synchronization of a population of coupled oscillators is an important problem for the dynamics of physiology in living systems (Aon et al. , 2007a, b; Kuramoto, 1984; Strogatz, 2003; Winfree, 1967). Circadian rhythms, the most intensively studied, are devoted to measuring daily 24 h cycles. A variety of physiological processes in a wide range of eukaryotic organisms display circadian rhythmicity which is characterized by the following major properties (Anderson et al. , 1985; Edmunds, 1988): (i) stable, autonomous (self-sustaining) oscillations having a free-running period under constant envir- mental conditions of ca.
Tutti i numeri sono uguali a cinque = All numbers equal five
Twenty-one stories, twenty-one authors, twenty-one fragments of life walking alongside science, in the most free and brazen way imaginable. Abandoning oneself to digressions, emotions, intuitions of the heart, images, sensations that flank the daily practice of science, but which are not part of codified science. In some stories, science is a method, an instrument, a way of relating to things and people; in others it becomes ideas, thoughts, behaviors, attitudes. Each story has a voice that emerges from the depths of the author's scientific culture, but also from his prejudices, from his way of being a person, from his vision of society, of the world.
Turbulence, Dynamos, Accretion Disks, Pulsars and Collective Plasma Processes ; First Kodai-Trieste Workshop on Plasma Astrophysics Held at the Kodaikanal Observatory Kodaikanal, India, August 27 – September 7, 2007
It is well established and appreciated by now that more than 99% of the baryonic matter in the universe is in the plasma state. Most astrophysical systems could be approximated as conducting fluids in a gravitational field. It is the combined effect of these two that gives rise to the mind boggling variety of configurations in the form of filaments, loops , jets and arches. The plasma structures that cannot last for more than a second or less in a laboratory remain intact for astronomical time and spatial scales in an astrophysical setting. The case in point is the well known extragalactic jets whose collimation and stability has remained an enigma inspite of the efforts of many for many long years. The high energy radiation sources such as the active galactic nuclei again summon the coherent plasma radiation processes for their exceptionally large output from regions of relatively small physical sizes. The generation of magnetic field, anomalous transport of angular momentum with decisive bearing on star formation processes, the ubiquitous MHD turbulence under conditions irreproducible in terrestrial laboratories are some of the generic issues still awaiting a concerted effort for their understanding.
Treatment Planning in Restorative Dentistry and Implant Prosthodontics
Treatment planning is commonly considered one of the most important phases of any dental treatment and vital for achieving successful long-term results. However, most dental schools do not offer courses exclusively designed for comprehensive planning, and comprehensive planning is rarely discussed at scientific meetings because it is considered a basic topic that practitioners should already understand. This knowledge gap leaves practicing clinicians with few options beyond using their own intuition to solve problems, which is highly unpredictable. Therefore, this book presents clinical guidelines for planning treatments in restorative dentistry and outlines a clear, objective, and simple thinking process that can be easily applied in daily practice, essentially providing the reader with a roadmap to be used as a reference from the very initial procedures until final restorative treatment.
Toxicants in Terrestrial Ecosystems : A Guide for the Analytical and Environmental Chemist
The presence of deliberately added or adventitious organic and inorganic compounds in soils can cause contamination of the crops which are grown on the land or animals feeding on the land, and, consequently can cause adverse toxic effects on man, animals, birds and insect life. Also, drainage of these substances from the soil by rainwater can cause pollution of adjacent streams, then rivers and, eventually, the oceans. The purpose of this book is to draw together the world-wide literature on the occurrence and analytical determination of all types of organic, organometallic and inorganic compounds in soils, animals, crops, plants, grains, dairy products and processed foods. Animal feed and fertilizers are also discussed.
Tooth preparations : Science and art
Details the basic principles and sequencing of cavity preparation and outlines the different preparation designs indicated for a variety of clinical situations. With a focus on biologic care, preservation of tooth structure, and precision, the author provides special guidance on incorporating these principles into daily practice, and the sections on instrumentation underscore how to improve clinical dexterity and concentration
Tissue Surgery
New surgical images of new surgical approaches are all accompanied with anatomical descriptions. In a novel way, the book contains endoscopic images from minimally invasive procedures and provides the most current overview of the leading trends in plastic surgery research. Presenting newly developing clinically relevant techniques and technologies, this book stimulates the reader to look at future advances and applications of research and their relevance to daily clinical practice.
Time Predictions : Understanding and Avoiding Unrealism in Project Planning and Everyday Life
Predicting the time needed to complete a project, task or daily activity can be difficult and people frequently underestimate how long an activity will take. This book sheds light on why and when this happens, what we should do to avoid it and how to give more realistic time predictions. It describes methods for predicting time usage in situations with high uncertainty, explains why two plus two is usually more than four in time prediction contexts, reports on research on time prediction biases, and summarizes the evidence in support of different time prediction methods and principles. Based on a comprehensive review of the research, it is the first book summarizing what we know about judgment-based time predictions.
Theory and Applications of Relational Structures as Knowledge Instruments II ; International Workshops of COST Action 274, TARSKI, 2002-2005, Selected Revised Papers
This book is a follow-up of LNCS volume 2929 with the same title, and presents the major results of COST action 274 (2002-2005), TARSKI: Theory and - plications of Relational Structures as Knowledge Instruments. Relational structures abound in the daily environment: relational databases, data-mining, scaling procedures, preference relations, etc. Reasoning about, and with, relations has a long-standing European tradition, which may be divided into three broad areas: 1. Algebraic Logic: algebras of relations, relational semantics, and algebras and logics derived from information systems. 2. Computational Aspects of Automated Relational Reasoning: decidability and complexity of algorithms, network satisfaction. 3. Applications: social choice, AI, linguistics, psychology, economics, etc. The main objective of the ?rst TARSKI book (LNCS 2929) was to advance the understanding of relational structures and the use of relational methods in applicable object domains.
The Welfare of Cattle
Animal welfare is attracting increasing interest worldwide, but particularly from those in developed countries, who now have the knowledge and resources to be able to offer the best management systems for their farm animals, as well as potentially being able to offer plentiful resources for companion, zoo and laboratory animals. The increased attention given to farm animal welfare in the West derives largely from the fact that the relentless pursuit of financial reward and efficiency has led to the development of intensive animal production systems that challenge the conscience of many consumers in those countries. In developing countries, human survival is still a daily uncertainty, so that provision for animal welfare has to be balanced against human welfare. Welfare is usually provided for only if it supports the output of the animal, be it food, work, clothing, sport or companionship. In re- ity, there are resources for all if they are properly husbanded in both developing and developed countries. The inequitable division of the world’s riches creates physical and psychological poverty for humans and animals alike in many parts of the world.
