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Mass Vaccination : Global Aspects - Progress and Obstacles
Mass immunization is the blitzkrieg of vaccination practice. It serves to rapidly protect populations, both because of the high coverage achieved and because of the herd immunity thereby induced. However, as in war, mass immunization campaigns must be conducted intelligently, with careful strategy and strong attention to logistics of supply and deployment. If conducted badly, mass immunization may fail or even be counter-productive. In this volume, some of the most successful practitioners of mass im- nization tell us about its art and science. David Heymann and Bruce Aylward of WHO begin the book with a theoretical and practical overview of mass immunization. Michael Lane, who participated in the successful effort to eradicate smallpox relates how this was done using mass vaccination and other strategies. Application of mass immunization by the US military is c- ered by John Grabenstein and Remington Nevin, who have a large experience in these matters. Karen Noakes and David Salisbury recount the striking s- cesses of mass immunization in the United Kingdom. The global control of the clostridia that produce diphtheria toxin is described by Charles Vitek. Hepa- tis A is decreasing dramatically under the impact of large-scale vaccination, as Francis André illustrates. The French experience with Hepatitis B vac- nation has been mixed, and François Denis and Daniel Levy-Bruhl explain the circumstances. In?uenza vaccination is an annual example of large-scale campaigns, the complexity of which is recounted by Benjamin Schwartz and Pascale Wortley.
Lipids in Health and Disease
Lipids are functionally versatile molecules. They have evolved from relatively simple hydrocarbons that serve as depot storages of metabolites and barriers to the permeation of solutes into complex compounds that perform a variety of signalling functions in higher organisms. This volume is devoted to the polar lipids and their constituents. We have omitted the neutral lipids like fats and oils because their function is generally to act as deposits of metabolizable substrates. The sterols are also outside the scope of the present volume and the reader is referred to volume 28 of this series which is the subject of cholesterol. The polar lipids are comprised of fatty acids attached to either glycerol or sphingosine. The fatty acids themselves constitute an important reservoir of substrates for conversion into families of signalling and modulating molecules including the eicosanoids amongst which are the prostaglandins, thromboxanes and leucotrienes. The way fatty acid metabolism is regulated in the liver and how fatty acids are desaturated are subjects considered in the first part of this volume. This section also deals with the modulation of protein function and inflammation by unsaturated fatty acids and their derivatives. New insights into the role of fatty acid synthesis and eicosenoid function in tumour progression and metastasis are presented.
Life as We Know It
Life As we Know It ["LAKI"] covers several aspects of Life, ranging from the prebiotic level, origin of life, evolution of prokaryotes to eukaryotes and finally to various affairs of human beings. Although it is hard to define Life, one can, however, characterize it and describe its features. Topics treated are categories of bacteria, algae and fungi, conscience, philosophy, theology, aesthetics, appearance of sport and life destiny, life after clinical death, and thoughts of the world to come ("Olam Haba"). The various chapters have been written so that they are accessible to all - from the avid lay reader to the specialist – and make available multidisciplinary sources of information about Life. This volume will interest open minded scholars, students at all levels of general sciences, natural and Life science, researchers of philosophy, theology, history of Life, astrobiology, and those who wish to widen their knowledge about "who are we in the universe".
Les infections urinaires = Urinary tract infections
Les Infections urinaires provides an update on knowledge concerning the epidemiology of community-based infection, on the mechanisms of bacterial resistance and on certain aspects of the disease useful to urologists as well as infectious diseases, gynecologists, emergency physicians and attending physicians. . Nosocomial urinary tract infection is approached from the perspective of risk factors. Acute and chronic prostatitis was the subject of a consensus conference supported by the World Health Organization within the framework of the International Consensus Conferences in Urology in Paris. The full text and the recommendations are reported with the consent of their authors. This book is an author's book and not an author's book because urinary tract infection is multiple, complex and justifies a multidisciplinary approach.
Lehninger Principles of Biochemistry
Help students navigate the complex discipline of biochemistry with a clear and coherent presentation. Renowned authors David Nelson, Michael Cox, and new co-author Aaron Hoskins have focused this eighth edition around the fundamental principles to help students understand and navigate the most important aspects of biochemistry. Text features and digital resources in the new Achieve platform emphasize this focus on the principles, while coverage of recent discoveries and the most up-to-date research provide fascinating context for learning the dynamic discipline of biochemistry.
Left-right asymmetry in vertebrate development
A host of studies has unravelled the involvement of many genes in the left right patterning pathway. Based on this knowledge the genetic basis of human laterality defects are beginning to be revealed. It is a major challenge now to understand how all these genes control left right development as well as the complex set of interactions established between them.
Le cefalee: manuale teorico-pratico = Headaches: theoretical and practical manual
Headaches are one of the problems that doctors have to deal with most often. They have protean clinical aspects which correspond to different directions of treatment. To orient oneself in the face of such a complex situation, experiences and clear points of reference are needed, both of which are present in this work.
Lake Taihu, China : Dynamics and Environmental Change
There are many shallow lakes in the world. Many of them play an important socio-economic role as contributors to the drinking water supply, in flood attenuation, fisheries and recreation activities. Because of the current anthropogenic changes in the environment, such lakes rapidly respond to eutrophication and swamping. It is often hard to address these issues because many changes in the ecosystems of shallow lakes are associated with little studied physical processes. This interaction between the aquatic biota and the physical and chemical environment increases the complexity of shallow lake ecosystems. Lake Taihu, located in the delta of Yangtze River, is a typical large, shallow eutrophic lake with area of 2338 km2 and maximum depth of less than 3m . This book provides basic data on various aspects of this lake and summarizes research work on the interaction between its ecology and physical limnology. It will be a reference for teachers and students of freshwater ecology and biology, the aquatic environment in general, and, most strikingly, for all those interested in physical limnology.
La protesi di ginocchio di primo impianto = The first-time knee prosthesis
Total knee replacement has now become a routine procedure in our operating rooms. The widespread use of this procedure, however, should not obscure the complexity of this joint surgery, which also relies on sophisticated computer aids. Drawing on their long and proven experience, the authors of this fourth volume in the series provide the reader with an updated overview of the state of the art.
La gonarthrose : Traitement chirurgical : De l´arthroscopie à la prothèse = Knee osteoarthritis : Surgical treatment : from arthroscopy to prosthesis
The aim of this work is to take stock in a clear and didactic way on all the current knowledge on osteoarthritis of the knee and its treatment. It successively addresses the diagnosis and the medical treatment, then the surgical treatments then finally the various aspects of the total knee prosthesis. This book is designed to be read at several levels: basic information is intended particularly for non-specialist or trainee surgeons, rheumatologists, rehabilitation physicians, radiologists and physiotherapists. More specialized aspects are discussed in a second part of the book concerning the future of medical treatment (biology, gene therapy) and certain complex problems of surgical techniques. The points of controversy concerning the total knee replacement are discussed in the last part of the book, of interest to physicians and surgeons.
La genetica nell’infertilità maschile = Genetics in male infertility
The notable recent cognitive advances in the field of cytogenetics and molecular genetics have made it possible to identify chromosomal anomalies and gene mutations responsible for numerous male infertility, which were completely ignored until recently. The fact is not without relevance, if the principle is valid that the recognition of the causes of a disease is also the first and necessary approach towards its correct therapy. With this publication, the authors wanted to offer specialists working in the field of assisted reproduction an update on this complex subject, dealing with both genetic causes in male infertility and infertility in genetic diseases.
Computational and Statistical Approaches to Genomics
Computational and Statistical Approaches to Genomics, 2nd Edition, aims to help researchers deal with current genomic challenges. During the three years after the publication of the first edition of this book, the computational and statistical research in genomics have become increasingly more important and indispensable for understanding cellular behavior under a variety of environmental conditions and for tackling challenging clinical problems. In the first edition, the organizational structure was: data à analysis à synthesis à application. In the second edition, the same structure remains, but the chapters that primarily focused on applications have been deleted.
Complexity in landscape ecology
Interactions matter. To understand the distributions of plants and animals in a landscape you need to understand how they interact with each other, and with their environment. The resulting networks of interactions make ecosystems highly complex. Recent research on complexity and artificial life provides many new insights about patterns and processes in landscapes and ecosystems. This book provides the first overview of that work for general readers. It covers such topics as connectivity, criticality, feedback, and networks, as well as their impact on the stability and predictability of ecosystem dynamics. With over 60 years of research experience of both ecology and complexity, the authors are uniquely qualified to provide a new perspective on traditional ecology.
Complex Systems Science in Biomedicine
Complex Systems Science in Biomedicine covers the emerging field of systems science involving the application of physics, mathematics, engineering and computational methods and techniques to the study of biomedicine including nonlinear dynamics at the molecular, cellular, multi-cellular tissue, and organismic level. With all chapters helmed by leading scientists in the field, Complex Systems Science in Biomedicine's goal is to offer its audience a timely compendium of the ongoing research directed to the understanding of biological processes as whole systems instead of as isolated component parts.
Complex Systems in Biomedicine
Features contributions from several Italian research groups that are working on the field of biomedicine. Each chapter in this book deals with a specific subfield, with the aim of providing an overview of the subject and an account of the research results.
Complex Intracellular Structures in Prokaryotes
The new series "Microbiology Monographs" begins with two volumes on intracellular components in prokaryotes. In this second volume, "Complex Intracellular Structures in Prokaryotes", the components, labeled complex intracellular structures, encompass a multitude of important cellular functions. Continuing and newly initiated research will provide a clearer understanding of the complex intracellular structures known at present and will bring to light surprising new ones as well.
Complex Anorectal Disorders : Investigation and Management
Book has focused on the broad structural investigation of the anorectum and on the focused management of largely “functional” problems. And it has done so in style. For this is a core area of specialist practice;your more general colleagues may think twice before referring you new cases of cancer and in?ammatory bowel disease (both also central areas in colorectal surgery), but they will not hesitate in referring the patients whose inves- gation and management are described here. And they will expect you to know how to deal with them. These are some of the most challenging patients to manage. Rightly have the editors covered the physiological areas,rightly the psychological issues, rightly the medicolegal aspects: here is the making of a specialist—the sword and the shield.
Communication in Plants : Neuronal Aspects of Plant Life
Plant neurobiology is a newly emerging field of plant sciences. It covers signalling and communication at all levels of biological organization – from molecules up to ecological communities. In this book, plants are presented as intelligent and social organisms with complex forms of communication and information processing. Authors from diverse backgrounds such as molecular and cellular biology, electrophysiology, as well as ecology treat the most important aspects of plant communication, including the plant immune system, abilities of plants to recognize self, signal transduction, receptors, plant neurotransmitters and plant neurophysiology. Further, plants are able to recognize the identity of herbivores and organize the defence responses accordingly. The similarities in animal and plant neuronal/immune systems are discussed too. All these hidden aspects of plant life and behaviour will stimulate further intense investigations in order to understand the communicative plants in their whole complexity.
Classics in total synthesis IV : new targets, strategies, and methods
A compilation of highly important synthetic methods which lead to complex molecules with valuable properties. From the complex architectures of natural products to the streamlined synthesis of functional molecules, each chapter in Classics in Total Synthesis IV unfolds a unique story. The interplay of mechanisms, reactivity, selectivity, and stereochemical aspects is thoroughly examined, echoing the pedagogical format that has become synonymous with this series. Well-designed graphics are included throughout, and all important parts of the reaction sequences are highlighted.
Cilia : Methods and protocols
Covers the latest advancements in the study of ciliary complexity. Protocols cover genomic, proteomic, imaging, and functional analysis of different ciliated tissues and their wide applicability in cilia biology. Chapters in this book primarily focus on methods to study multiciliated cells, and discuss topics such as SARS-CoV-2 infections of human primary nasal multiciliated epithelial cells; expansion microscopy of ciliary proteins; live-imaging centriole amplification in mouse brain multiciliated cells; biophysical properties of cilia motility; and mucociliary transport device construction. Written in the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology series format, chapters include introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible laboratory protocols, and tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls.
