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Marine Biodiversity : Patterns and Processes, Assessment, Threats, Management and Conservation
Understanding the functioning of Marine Ecosystems is the first step to measure and predict the influence of Man, and to find solutions for the enormous array of problems we face today. This volume is organised according to the four subthemes of the symposium and to issues commonly perceived as relevant by scientists concerned with the study, protection and management of Marine Biodiversity: patterns and processes, assessment, threats and management and conservation.
Manual of Benirschke and Kaufmanns Pathology of the Human Placenta
Benirschke and Kaufmann's Pathology of the Human Placenta has long been regarded as the gold standard in the field. It is comprehensive and thorough and contains the detail necessary for those in the subspecialties of placental, perinatal and pediatric pathology. However, placentas are relatively common specimens and are not examined primarily by specialists in the field, but by general pathologists. Thus, there is a need for a more practical and concise manual that can be used by pathology trainees and generalists in their daily work. Manual of Benirschke and Kaufmann's Pathology of the Human Placenta will fill that need. The Manual is a practical, user-friendly guidebook for the general pathologist and pathologist in training for everyday, bench-side use. Organized in 27 chapters, the book will discuss placental development, general features, approach to the specimen by macroscopic and microscopic evaluation, all aspects of placental abnormalities and lesions, disease processes and the placenta, legal aspects of the placental examination, future directions and much more. The sections on macroscopic and microscopic evaluations feature quick-reference tables that allow the reader to identify abnormalities, learn the situations where they occur, and refer back to the text for in-depth discussions. Each chapter will end with selected readings from Pathology of the Human Placenta for more detailed discussions, classic recommended readings, as well as an up-to-date bibliography of current literature. The manual features over 444 illustrations, more than 100 of them in full-color. A must-have for every pathologist and pathology resident.
Management of the Addicted Patient in Primary Care
لThe text is logically organized and key information is easily accessible. The introductory section offers the reader important background and rationale for evaluating and treating addiction in primary care. Following a useful presentation of addiction "basics" (i.e., definitions, neurobiology, genetics, and the disease model), the majority of the book focuses on helping the physician gain insight and develop practical skills that can be readily implemented. A wealth of clinical assessment tools is provided, and the underlying psychosocial processes common to all forms of addiction are discussed. Both pharmacologic interventions and nonpharmalogic modalities are clearly outlined. Of particular note are specific cognitive-behavioral and motivational strategies that can be administered in an office-based setting. The role of community-based recovery support systems is considered as well. Since a complete understanding of why and when to refer is critical to the management of this often life-threatening condition, criteria for referral are detailed. Bulleted clinical "pearls" further aid the reader in gaining insight into treating this difficult patient population.
Macular Degeneration
Macular Degeneration: Science and Medicine in Practice provides a unique overview of current thinking in the pathogenesis, incidence and treatment of AMD. It includes, for the first time, a synthesis of the views of the world's leading scientists and practitioners regarding retinal biology, basic mechanisms, clinical and pathogenetic processes, and rational approaches to intervention.
Longer-Term Psychiatric Inpatient Care for Adolescents : A Multidisciplinary Treatment Approach
Describes the theoretical underpinnings and operational aspects of delivering longer-term inpatient psychiatric care to adolescents experiencing severe, unremitting mental illness. The authorship is drawn from the multidisciplinary team that supports the Walker Adolescent Unit, located in Sydney, Australia. The book begins with an account of the planning and development of the unit, an examination of the physical environment, and the adaptations that have been made to ensure its functionality. There follows a consideration of the therapeutic milieu. The book describes clinical processes such as admission and discharge planning, formulation and case review. There is information about the specific roles of professionals and the therapies that they provide. The book describes the steps taken to maintain and enhance the physical wellbeing of patients. There are chapters dedicated to governance, and to training and education. The final chapter describes how the unit responded to challenges created by the COVID-19 pandemic.
Life in Extreme Environments
Investigating life processes under extreme conditions can also bring clues for understanding and predicting ecosystems' responses to global changes. Furthermore, this area of research has a wide application potential in the fields of (bio)technoloty, chemical industry, pharmaceutics, biomedicine or cosmetics.
Landscapes of a New Cultural Economy of Space
Aims to tie together various perspectives, insights and constructions pertaining to landscapes and landscape representations from different theoretical and methodological positions as well as from diverse geographical and historical contexts in order to elucidate and illustrate processes of cultural transformation inscribed in space.
Lake Taihu, China : Dynamics and Environmental Change
There are many shallow lakes in the world. Many of them play an important socio-economic role as contributors to the drinking water supply, in flood attenuation, fisheries and recreation activities. Because of the current anthropogenic changes in the environment, such lakes rapidly respond to eutrophication and swamping. It is often hard to address these issues because many changes in the ecosystems of shallow lakes are associated with little studied physical processes. This interaction between the aquatic biota and the physical and chemical environment increases the complexity of shallow lake ecosystems. Lake Taihu, located in the delta of Yangtze River, is a typical large, shallow eutrophic lake with area of 2338 km2 and maximum depth of less than 3m . This book provides basic data on various aspects of this lake and summarizes research work on the interaction between its ecology and physical limnology. It will be a reference for teachers and students of freshwater ecology and biology, the aquatic environment in general, and, most strikingly, for all those interested in physical limnology.
Complexity in landscape ecology
Interactions matter. To understand the distributions of plants and animals in a landscape you need to understand how they interact with each other, and with their environment. The resulting networks of interactions make ecosystems highly complex. Recent research on complexity and artificial life provides many new insights about patterns and processes in landscapes and ecosystems. This book provides the first overview of that work for general readers. It covers such topics as connectivity, criticality, feedback, and networks, as well as their impact on the stability and predictability of ecosystem dynamics. With over 60 years of research experience of both ecology and complexity, the authors are uniquely qualified to provide a new perspective on traditional ecology.
Complex Systems Science in Biomedicine
Complex Systems Science in Biomedicine covers the emerging field of systems science involving the application of physics, mathematics, engineering and computational methods and techniques to the study of biomedicine including nonlinear dynamics at the molecular, cellular, multi-cellular tissue, and organismic level. With all chapters helmed by leading scientists in the field, Complex Systems Science in Biomedicine's goal is to offer its audience a timely compendium of the ongoing research directed to the understanding of biological processes as whole systems instead of as isolated component parts.
Chemokines and Viral Infection
This edition of Current Topics in Microbiology and Immunology examines the role of chemokines and chemokine receptors in host defense and disease development following viral infection. Chemokines represent a family of over 40 small proteins that, for the most part, are secreted into the environment and function by binding to G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) that are expressed on numerous different cell types. When initially identified close to 30 years ago, these molecules were associated with various human inflammatory diseases and it was recognized that expression may be integral in leukocyte recruitment to inflamed tissue. There are now four sub-families of chemokines identified based on defined structural criteria relating to the positional location of conserved cysteine residues within the amino-terminus of the protein. Chemokines are now recognized as important in numerous biological processes ranging from maintaining the organizational integrity of secondary lymphoid tissue to participating in various aspects of both innate and adaptive immune responses following microbial infection. With this in mind, this book highlights the functional roles of chemokines and their receptors in participating in various aspects of the immune response against well-known viral pathogens.
Changing Land Use Patterns in the Coastal Zone : Managing Environmental Quality in Rapidly Developing Regions
Coastal ecosystems make up some of the most important, yet most endangered, regions in the world. The protection of the unique processes that take place in these ecosystems requires that partnerships be formed among ecologists, resource managers, and planners. Experienced in the challenges of coastal system analysis, the contributors to this book provide multidisciplinary guidance on the assessment and management of environmental impacts caused by development. Each chapter examines an issue important to these fragile ecosystems, first presenting a non-technical summary of the issue and a review of the current state of the knowledge, then following with data and a more detailed consideration of the topic.
Cell Motility in Cancer Invasion and Metastasis
Cancer Morbidity and mortality result from invasive and metastatic spread. Currently, no therapies are aimed at the underlying mechanisms that enable this progression due to only nascent recognition of the distinct biology which occurs only during tumor dissemination. Recent advances have highlighted the central role of cell motility during the dynamic and transient process of tumor invasion and metastasis. This book includes state-of-the-art updates by international leaders in these studies. Chapters first present the novel model systems that enable new investigations and insights. Chapters then describe in depth the key processes and molecules that may be therapeutically targeted. Finally, the role of cell motility and its signals is explored in a number of key tumor types. This compilation should be useful to researchers in basic and translational oncology as well as those developing novel agents to prevent tumor invasion and metastasis.
Cell cycle control : Methods and protocols
Collects techniques to study the highly regulated cell cycle process. Beginning with chapters investigating these processes and assessing how cells respond when these complicated pathways are simplified by using synthetic biology and in vitro reconstitutions, the book continues by exploring how cells sense and respond to environmental conditions, different model systems and cellular types used to visualize cellular architecture during cell division, as well as innovative single cell microscopy techniques to highlight the heterogeneity of the cell population with respect to cell cycle progression. Written for the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology series, chapters include introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step and readily reproducible laboratory protocols, and tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls.
Cell and Molecular Biology of Plastids
The present book provides a comprehensive overview of our current knowledge on plastid biogenesis, plastid-nuclear communication, the regulation of plastid gene expression at all levels, and also assesses the state of the art in key technologies, such as proteomics and chloroplast transformation. Written by recognized experts in the field, it covers plastid differentiation and division, genome structure and function, plastid inheritance, recombination, DNA replication and repair, transcription, RNA processing and translation as well as crucial posttranslational processes in plastid biogenesis and function, including protein processing, the assembly of multiprotein complexes, protein stability and degradation, protein import and sorting.
Catalytic role of amino acids in organic reactions
Asymmetric organometallic and organocatalytic processes have attracted great interest. Asymmetric synthesis using both natural and unnatural amino acids has been tremendously important from synthetic as well as industrial viewpoints, and numerous new methodologies have been developed in the last decades. Herein we provide an overview of old and very recent (since 1900 till now) advances and applications in the area of heterogeneous catalysis, homogeneous catalysis, electrocatalysis, photocatalysis, organocatalysis, thermal catalysis using amino acids [proline, glycine, alanine, valine, serine, threonine, cysteine, methionine, asparagine, glutamine, lysine, arginine, histidine, aspartate, glutamate, phenylalanine, and tryptophan], (supported or unsupported), an amino acid containing materials or amino acids derivatives as an essential component of catalysts, this book highlights the most important and recent developments to immobilize or support amino acids on various support materials. This book is suitable as supplementary reading for courses targeting the design, synthesis, and application of chiral catalysts, asymmetric catalysis, and sustainable production.
Carbon-based nanocarriers for drug delivery
Carbon-Based Nanocarriers for Drug Delivery enlists the latitudes and advancements in the synthesis processes, functionalization, and applications of carbon-based nanomaterials (CBNs) in targeted drug delivery systems (DDSs). It covers the applicability and suitability of CBNs as nanocarriers for efficient drug delivery application via elucidating the recent advancements in CBNs, their functionalized and innovative derivatives, and the relevant case studies. The book explores the necessity, efficacy, toxicological aspects, and challenges for the application of CBN in targeted DDSs.
Calcium Signalling and Disease : Molecular Pathology of Calcium
This topic is a new entry in the area of cellular calcium signaling: yet, it now spans the entire area, with discoveries that cover both genetic and acquired pathologies, even offering glimpses in the direction of therapy.Cellular calcium homeostasis, and thus calcium signalling, is mainly regulated by membrane intrinsic proteins and calcium sensor proteins. Both classes may be involved in pathological processes that affect both human and animals, ranging from common and important diseases (e.g. migraine, diabetes, epilepsia, manic depression, infertility, various types of cancer, Alzheimer’s disease, muscular dystrophy) to rare genetic conditions (e.g., a number of genetic heart conditions, autoimmune retinopathies, night blindness, hereditary amyloid polyneuropathy, malignant hyperthermia, cerebellar ataxia, atherothrombotic disease).
Brain Edema XIII
The XIII International Symposium on Brain Edema intracerebral hemorrhage. This volume includes papers pre- day satellite conference on the subject. Brain vestigation focusing primarily on the secondary events edema, in many respects, is a marker of underlying which develop after the hemorrhage. pathological processes which include tissue injury There was considerable enthusiasm to continue the from many diseases.
Brain development in Drosophila melanogaster
The central nervous system (CNS) represents the organ with the highest structural and functional complexity. Accordingly, uncovering the mechanisms leading to cell diversity, patterning and connectivity in the CNS is one of the major challenges in developmental biology. The developing CNS of the fruitfly Drosophila melanogaster is an ideal model system to study these processes. Several principle questions regarding neurogenesis (like stem cell formation, cell fate specification, axonal pathfinding) have been addressed in Drosophila by focusing on the relatively simply structured truncal parts of the nervous system. This book provides an overview of some major facets of recent research on Drosophila brain development.
