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Quantum Transport : Modelling, Analysis and Asymptotics — Lectures given at the C.I.M.E. Summer School held in Cetraro, Italy September 11–16, 2006
The CIME Summer School held in Cetraro, Italy, in 2006 addressed researchers interested in the mathematical study of quantum transport models. In this volume, a result of the above mentioned Summer School, four leading specialists present different aspects of quantum transport modelling. Allaire introduces the periodic homogenization theory, with a particular emphasis on applications to the Schrödinger equation. Arnold focuses on several quantum evolution equations that are used for quantum semiconductor device simulations. Degond presents quantum hydrodynamic and diffusion models starting from the entropy minimization principle. Hou provides the state-of-the-art survey of the multiscale analysis, modelling and simulation of transport phenomena.
Quantum Theory of Conducting Matter : Newtonian Equations of Motion for a Bloch Electron
Quantum Theory of Conducting Matter: Newtonian Equations of Motion for a Bloch Electron targets scientists, researchers and graduate-level students focused on experimentation in the fields of physics, chemistry, electrical engineering, and material sciences.
Quantum Kinetics in Transport and Optics of Semiconductors
Nanoscale miniaturization and femtosecond laser-pulse spectroscopy require a quantum mechanical description of the carrier kinetics that goes beyond the conventional Boltzmann theory. On these extremely short length and time scales the electrons behave like partially coherent waves. This monograph deals with quantum kinetics for transport in low-dimensional microstructures and for ultra-short laser pulse spectroscopy. The nonequilibrium Green function theory is described and used for the derivation of the quantum kinetic equations. Numerical methods for the solution of the retarded quantum kinetic equations are discussed and results are presented for high-field transport and for mesoscopic transport phenomena. Quantum beats, polarization decay, and non-Markovian behaviour are treated for femtosecond spectroscopy on a microscopic basis.
Quantum dots : A doorway to nanoscale pPhysics
Devoted to an introduction to some of these fascinating aspects, addressing in particular graduate students and young researchers in the field. In the first lecture by R. Shankar the general theoretical aspects of Fermi liquids are addressed, in particular the renormalization group approach. This is then aptly applied to large quantum dots. A completely different approach is encountered in the second contribution by J.M. Elzerman et al. in that it is a thorough experimental expose of what can be done or expected in the study of small quantum dots. Here the emphasis lies on the electron spin to be used as a qubit. In the third lecture series, by M. Pustilnik and Leonid I. Glazman mechanisms of low-temperature electronic transport through a quantum dot -- weakly coupled to two conducting leads -- are reviewed. The fourth series of lectures by C.W.J. Beenakker deals with a very interesting aspect of nanophysics: a peculiar property of superconducting mirrors discovered by Andreev about forty years ago and still a challenge to experimental physicists.
Quantum Coherence : From Quarks to Solids
Quantum coherence is a phenomenon that plays a crucial role in various forms of matter. The thriving field of quantum information, as well as unconventional approaches to use mesoscopic systems in future optoelectronic devices, provide the exciting background for this set of lectures. The lectures originate from the well-known Schladming Winter Schools and are carefully edited so as to address a broad readership ranging from the beginning graduate student up to the senior scientist wanting to keep up with or to enter newly emerging fields of research.
Quantum Chemistry of Solids : The LCAO First Principles Treatment of Crystals
Quantum Chemistry of Solids delivers a comprehensive account of the main features and possibilities of LCAO methods for the first principles calculations of electronic structure of periodic systems.
Quality-of-Life Research in Chinese, Western and Global Contexts
The majority of studies on the quality of life have been conducted in Western contexts and are based on Western participants. Comparatively speaking, there are only a few studies that have been conducted in different Chinese contexts. Also, there are fewer QOL studies based on children and adolescents, or studies that examine the relationship between QOL and economic disadvantage. In addition, more research is needed to address the methodological issues related to the assessment of quality of life. It is the first book to cover research in Chinese, Western and global contexts in a single volume.
Pulsed Power
Mesyats' Pulsed Power provides in-depth coverage of the generation of pulsed electric power, electron and ion beams, and various types of pulsed electromagnetic radiation. The electric power that can be produced by the methods described ranges from 106 to 1014W for pulse durations of 10-10-10-7s.
Protein Analysis and Purification : Benchtop Techniques
New technologies and the manner in which scientific research is conducted have been fully incorporated into this thoroughly revised second edition of PROTEIN ANALYSIS AND PURIFICATION. Among the many topics introduced to this new edition are the use of robotics in the lab, the impact of the codification of the human genome, functional proteomics, mass spectrometry and the expanding use of bioinformatics as a tool to improve efficiency and productivity
Protection of future electricity systems
The electrical energy industry is undergoing dramatic changes: massive deployment of renewables, increasing share of DC networks at transmission and distribution levels, and at the same time, a continuing reduction in conventional synchronous generation, all contribute to a situation where a variety of technical and economic challenges emerge. As the society’s reliance on electrical power continues to increase as a result of international decarbonisation commitments, the need for secure and uninterrupted delivery of electrical energy to all customers has never been greater. Power system protection plays an important enabling role in future decarbonized energy systems. This book includes ten papers covering a wide range of topics related to protection system problems and solutions, such as adaptive protection, protection of HVDC and LVDC systems, unconventional or enhanced protection methods, protection of superconducting transmission cables, and high voltage lightning protection.
Progress in Nano-Electro-Optics VI : Nano-Optical Probing, Manipulation, Analysis, and Their Theoretical Bases
This volume focuses on nano-optical probing, manipulation, and analysis. It begins with recent developments in near-field optical spectroscopy that clarify quantum states at the nanoscale, followed by a theory for a photon-electron-phonon interacting system at the nanoscale. Further topics include: visible laser desorption/ionization mass spectroscopy exhibiting near-field effects; a practical nanofabrication method with optical near fields applied to a SHG device; a theory and experimental achievements on optical transport of nanoparticles, selectively manipulated by resonant radiation force. Taken as a whole, this overview will be a valuable resource for engineers and scientists working in the field of nano-electro-optics.
Progress in Cryptology - INDOCRYPT 2004 ; 5th International Conference on Cryptology in India, Chennai, India, December 20-22, 2004, Proceedings
The INDOCRYPT series of conferences started in 2000. INDOCRYPT 2004 was the ?fth one in this series. The popularity of this series is increasing every year. The number of papers submitted to INDOCRYPT 2004 was 181, out of which 147 papers conformed to the specifications in the call for papers and, therefore, were accepted to the review process. Those 147 submissions were spread over 22 countries. Only 30 papers were accepted to this proceedings. We should note that many of the papers that were not accepted were of good quality but only the top 30 papers were accepted. Each submission received at least three independent - views. The selection process also included a Web-based discussion phase. We made efforts to compare the submissions with other ongoing conferences around the world in order to ensure detection of double-submissions, which were not - lowed by the call for papers. We wish to acknowledge the use of the Web-based review software developed by Bart Preneel, Wim Moreau, and Joris Claessens in conducting the review process electronically. The software greatly facilitated the Program Committee in completing the review process on time. We would like to thank C´ edric Lauradoux and the team at INRIA for their total support in conguring and managing the Web-based submission and review softwares.
Process Optimization : A Statistical Approach
A textbook for a course in experimental optimization techniques for industrial production processes and other "noisy" systems where the main emphasis is process optimization. The book can also be used as a reference text by Industrial, Quality and Process Engineers and Applied Statisticians working in industry, in particular, in semiconductor/electronics manufacturing and in biotech manufacturing industries.
Principles of Mobile Communication
Features new content on 4G cellular systems, 5G cellular outlook, bandpass signals and systems, and polarization, among many other topics, in addition to a new chapters on channel assignment techniques. Along with coverage of fundamentals and basic principles sufficient for novice students, the volume includes finer details that satisfy the requirements of graduate students aiming to conduct in-depth research. The book begins with a survey of the field, introducing issues relevant to wireless communications. The book moves on to cover relevant discrete subjects, from radio propagation, to error probability performance, and cellular radio resource management. An appendix provides a tutorial on probability and random processes.
Principles and Applications of NanoMEMS Physics
Presents the first unified exposition of the physical principles at the heart of NanoMEMS-based devices and applications. In particular, after beginning with a comprehensive presentation of the fundamentals and limitations of nanotechnology and MEMS fabrication techniques, the book addresses the physics germane to this dimensional regime, namely, quantum wave-particle phenomena, including, the manifestation of charge discreteness, quantized electrostatic actuation, and the Casimir effect, and quantum wave phenomena, including, quantized electrical conductance, quantum interference, Luttinger liquids, quantum entanglement, superconductivity and cavity quantum electrodynamics. Potential building blocks are also addressed for NanoMEMS applications, including, nanoelectromechanical quantum circuits and systems such as charge detectors, the which-path electron interferometer, and the Casimir oscillator, as well as a number of quantum computing implementation paradigms. Finally, NanoMEMS applications in photonics are addressed, including nanophotonic light sources and plasmonic devices.
Preparing for Life in a Digital World : IEA International Computer and Information Literacy Study 2018 International Report
This book summarizes the key findings from the second cycle of IEA’s International Computer and Information Literacy Study (ICILS), conducted in 2018. ICILS seeks to establish how well schools around the globe are responding to the need to provide young people with the necessary digital participatory competencies.
Practicing Neurology : What You Need to Know, What You Need to Do
In this new edition, Practicing Neurology: What You Need to Know, What You Need to Do, the latest volume from our Current Clinical Neurology™ series, Rahman Pourmand takes readers through the process of treating neurological conditions from evaluation to emergencies. For each condition, Pourmand provides basic facts, key definitions, step-by-step instructions for conducting a concise physical examination, neurologic signs to watch for, treatment strategies, and the prognosis. In Part I, the author outlines neurological history and examination, highlighting some common neurological constructs while elucidating the most up-to-date neurodiagnostic tests and procedures. Part II details common neurological conditions including stroke, seizure and epilepsy, central nervous system infections, complications from alcohol, dizziness and vertigo, headaches, sleep disorders, and back and neck pain. In Part III, neurological urgencies and emergencies, such as comas, status epilepticus, brain edema, transtentorial herniation, metastatic epidural spinal cord compression, acute meningitis, delirium tremens, Wernicke's encephalopathy, myastenia gravis crisis, Guillain-Barré syndrome, and temporal arteritis are covered in detail.
Practical organic chemistry workbook : Beginner's guide to basics
Provides basic guidance in the essential experimental techniques that an undergraduate student must master to hone the skills required for training in chemical sciences. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first time that a workbook for NEP-UGCF syllabus is being proposed for helping students acquire prior deep knowledge pertaining to a particular exercise/objective and enthuse them by stimulating their scientific thinking through various pre- and post-lab questions formulated. The current pedagogy demands a reformation in the conduct of the practicals under the new syllabi scheme; therefore, it is anticipated that this manual would be beneficial for the students as well as teachers in rendering the best. Besides, the book encompasses the fundamentals of all the techniques that would equip the practitioners with specific skills especially on various purification techniques such as recrystallization and chromatography without which one cannot think about proceeding with any synthesis in any of the chemical, pharmaceutical, textile industries, oil and petroleum industries and more.
Practical bioinformatics for beginners : From raw sequence analysis to machine learning applications
Next-Generation Sequencing (NGS) is increasingly common and has applications in various fields such as clinical diagnosis, animal and plant breeding, and conservation of species. This incredible tool has become cost-effective. However, it generates a deluge of sequence data that requires efficient analysis. The highly sought-after skills in computational and statistical analyses include machine learning and, are essential for successful research within a wide range of specializations, such as identifying causes of cancer, vaccine design, new antibiotics, drug development, personalized medicine, and increased crop yields in agriculture.This invaluable book provides step-by-step guides to complex topics that make it easy for readers to perform specific analyses, from raw sequenced data to answer important biological questions using machine learning methods. It is an excellent hands-on material for lecturers who conduct courses in bioinformatics and as reference material for professionals. The chapters are standalone recipes making them suitable for readers who wish to self-learn selected topics. Readers gain the essential skills necessary to work on sequenced data from NGS platforms / hence, making themselves more attractive to employers who need skilled bioinformaticians
Power Management of Digital Circuits in Deep Sub-Micron CMOS Technologies
In the deep sub-micron regime, the power consumption has become one of the most important issues for competitive design of digital circuits. Due to dramatically increasing leakage currents, the power consumption does not take advantage of technology scaling as before. State-of-art power reduction techniques like the use of multiple supply and threshold voltages, transistor stack forcing and power gating are discussed with respect to implementation and power saving capability. Focus is given especially on technology dependencies, process variations and technology scaling. Design and implementation issues are discussed with respect to the trade-off between power reduction, performance degradation, and system level constraints. A complete top-down design flow is demonstrated for power gating techniques introducing new design methodologies for the switch sizing task and circuit blocks for data-retention and block activation. The leakage reduction ratio and the minimum power-down time are introduced as figures of merit to describe the power gating technique on system level and give a relation to physical circuit parameters.
