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Sprites, Elves and Intense Lightning Discharges
Particularly intense lightning discharges can produce transient luminous events above thunderclouds, termed sprites, elves and jets. These short lived optical emissions in the mesosphere can reach from the tops of thunderclouds up to the ionosphere; they provide direct evidence of coupling from the lower atmosphere to the upper atmosphere. Sprites are arguably the most dramatic recent discovery in solar-terrestrial physics. Shortly after the first ground based video recordings of sprites, observations on board the Space Shuttle detected sprites and elves occurring all around the world. These reports led to detailed sprite observations in North America, South America, Australia, Japan, and Europe.
Space, Movement, and Visibility in Pompeian Houses
Examines the pivotal role of movement, visibility, and experience within Pompeian houses as a major factor determining house form; the use of space; and the manner, meaning, and modalities of domestic daily life, through the application of GIS-based analysis. Through close consideration of ancient literature, detailed explanations of methodology, and exploration of results, Michael Anderson provides new perspectives on Pompeian domestic space including room types and household activities that rarely feature in the discussion of ancient housing. Readers gain a better understanding of priorities in the design of Pompeian houses, the degree to which daily life was interrupted by earthquake damage in the site’s final years, and evolving motivations behind wall painting decoration. The volume not only explores how Pompeian houses reflected the needs of everyday life as imagined by their architects, but also how these spaces served to influence and control daily activities and ultimately how they were transformed by the spatial and visual requirements of domestic life.
Source Book of Models for Biomedical Research
The collection of systems represented in the Sourcebook of Models for Biomedical Research reflect the diversity and utility of models that are used in biomedicine. That utility is based on the consideration that observations made in particular organisms will provide insight into the workings of other, more complex systems. Some models have the advantage that the reproductive, mitotic, development or aging cycles are rapid compared with those in humans; others are utilized because individual proteins may be studied in an advantageous way and have human homologs. Other organisms are facile to grow in laboratory settings, lend themselves to convenient analyses, have defined genomes or present especially good human models of human or animal disease. The Sourcebook of Models for Biomedical Research is a comprehensive and extensive collection of these important medical parallels.
Solid state development and processing of pharmaceutical molecules : Salts, cocrystals, and polymorphism
The book explores the most recent trends in the digitization and automation of the pharmaceutical production processes that reflect the need for consistent high quality. It also includes information on relevant regulatory and intellectual property considerations. This resource is aimed at professionals in the pharmaceutical industry and offers an in-depth examination of the commercially relevant issues facing developers, producers and distributors of drug substances.
Software for Algebraic Geometry
Algorithms in algebraic geometry go hand in hand with software packages that implement them. Together they have established the modern field of computational algebraic geometry which has come to play a major role in both theoretical advances and applications. Over the past fifteen years, several excellent general purpose packages for computations in algebraic geometry have been developed, such as, CoCoA, Singular and Macaulay 2. While these packages evolve continuously, incorporating new mathematical advances, they both motivate and demand the creation of new mathematics and smarter algorithms.
Software Architecture by Example : Using C# and .NET
Guides you in understanding how a software solution is designed using different architectural processes and scenarios. Each scenario explains if and why a software solution is required to resolve a given issue, and discusses possible architectural approaches to solve the problem. You will learn specific implementations of software architecture for each case along with different approaches to achieve the solutions. Each chapter is structured as a real-world requirement from a client and describes a process to meet that requirement. After reading this book, you should have a high-level understanding of the architectural patterns used in the book, and you should have a methodology for approaching system design. You will learn : Understand design principles and considerations for various stages of software development / Translate patterns into code samples / Create a blueprint for approaching system design / Understand architectural patterns: CQRS, event sourcing, distributed systems, distributed transactions, and plug-in architecture
Sodium Channels, Pain, and Analgesia
Sodium channels confer excitability on neurons in nociceptive pathways and exhibit neuronal tissue specific and injury regulated expression. This volume provides recent insights into the control of expression, functioning and membrane trafficking of nervous system sodium channels and reviews why sodium channel sub-types are potentially important drug targets in the treatment of pain. The roles of sodium channels in dental and visceral pain are also addressed. The emerging role of sodium channel Nav1.3 in neuropathic states is another important theme. The final chapter highlights the functional diversity of sodium channels in part provided by post-transcriptional processing and the insights into sodium channel function that are being provided by tissue specific and inducible gene knock-out technology.
Socionics : Scalability of complex social systems
Includes contributions from an interdisciplinary field of research we call Socionics. Based on a close cooperation between sociologists and researchers from distributed artificial intelligence and multiagent systems, Socionics deals with the exploration of the emergence and dynamics of artificial social systems, agent societies, as well as hybrid man-machine societies. The aim is both to develop intelligent computer technologies by picking up theoretical concepts and methods from sociology and to improve sociological models of societies and organizations by using advanced computer technology. The 15 articles in this state-of-the-art survey combine selected contributions from sociology and informatics on the modeling, construction, and study of complex social systems with special regard to the problem of scaling multiagent systems. The discussion focuses on four specific research areas: multi-layer modeling, organization and self-organization, emergence of social structures, and paths from an agent-centered to a communication-centered perspective in modeling multiagent systems.
Social marketing in action : Cases from around the world
This textbook provides the tools necessary to understand the effective applica- tion of social marketing, and then offers 24 case studies exemplifying effective social marketing efforts from all around the world. Specifically, Part I clearly and concisely explains the principles of social marketing in five chapters: Upstream vs. downstream social marketing, SWOT, competition - fundamentals of social marketing, ethics - formative and evaluative research - theories applied in social marketing and a historical perspective on social marketing, Also part II features 24 social marketing case studies that demonstrate the application of social marketing principles.
Social Development in the World Bank : Essays in Honor of Michael M. Cernea
This book honors the work of Michael Cernea, who was the World Bank’s first professional sociologist, by taking on and extending his arguments for "putting people first.” Cernea led a community of social scientists in formulating and promoting a comprehensive set of innovative and original social policies on development issues, which the World Bank adopted and implemented
Social Computing, Behavioral Modeling, and Prediction
Social computing concerns the study of social behavior and context based on computational systems. Behavioral modeling reproduces the social behavior, and allows for experimenting, scenario planning, and deep understanding of behavior, patterns, and potential outcomes. The pervasive use of computer and Internet technologies creates an unprecedented environment where people can share opinions and experiences, exchange ideas, offer suggestions and advice, debate and even conduct experiments. Social computing facilitates behavioral modeling in model building, analysis, pattern mining, anticipation, and prediction. This volume presents material from the first interdisciplinary workshop focused on employing social computing for behavioral modeling and prediction. The book provides a platform for disseminating results and developing new concepts and methodologies aimed at advancing and deepening our understanding of social and behavioral computing to aid critical decision making. The contributions incorporate views from government, industry and academia and they address research problems arising from pressing demands in the real world.
Simulation-based Algorithms for Markov Decision Processes
Markov decision process (MDP) models are widely used for modeling sequential decision-making problems that arise in engineering, economics, computer science, and the social sciences. It is well-known that many real-world problems modeled by MDPs have huge state and/or action spaces, leading to the notorious curse of dimensionality that makes practical solution of the resulting models intractable. In other cases, the system of interest is complex enough that it is not feasible to specify some of the MDP model parameters explicitly, but simulation samples are readily available (e.g., for random transitions and costs). For these settings, various sampling and population-based numerical algorithms have been developed recently to overcome the difficulties of computing an optimal solution in terms of a policy and/or value function.
Simulated Evolution and Learning ; 7th International Conference, SEAL 2008, Melbourne, Australia, December 7-10, 2008. Proceedings
Covers are evolutionary learning; evolutionary optimisation; hybrid learning; adaptive systems; theoretical issues in evolutionary computation; and real-world applications of evolutionary computation techniques.
Shifts in Compensation for Environmental Damage
This volume examines the shifts in the compensation of environmental damage between private and public systems. Recent developments at both the European and international level are presented with a focus on the shifts relating to the compensation of oil pollution, damage arising as a result of nuclear accidents and soil pollution in particular legal systems (Belgium, the Netherlands, Germany and the U.S.A.).
Shifts in compensation between private and public systems
This volume addressing, on the one hand, the issues relating to ‘shifts’ in compensation systems at a more general level, and on the other hand, addressing shifts in particular domains. The papers examining the shifts at a more general level provide a framework for the analysis of the various shifts and explain the shifts towards an increasing use of strict liability and no-fault regimes.
Severe Injuries to the Limbs : Staged Treatment
Provides guidelines for the young surgeon as well as the senior orthopedic trauma surgeon in staged definitive limb functional reconstruction. The rationale and advantages of a logical progression of surgical steps are explained and fully illustrated throughout, drawing from an archive of clinical photographs and X-ray documentation covering all steps of the treatment protocol in a large variety of complex cases, including extensive bone and soft tissue loss. This practical guide is based on the accumulated experience of 40 years in the treatment of severe injuries of the musculoskeletal system with grave tissue loss, and in particular war injuries. Emphasis is given to the proper attention and care of the soft tissues, sequential damage control, and the judicious staged use of appropriate external fixation.
Service-Oriented Computing ; Agents, Semantics, and Engineering ; AAMAS 2008 International Workshop, SOCASE 2008, Estoril, Portugal, May 12, 2008 Proceedings
The book address a range of topics at the intersection of service-oriented computing, semantic technology, and intelligent multiagent systems, such as: service description and discovery; planning, composition and negotiation; semantic processes and service agents; and applications.
Selected Areas in Cryptography ; 14th International Workshop, SAC 2007, Ottawa, Canada, August 16-17, 2007, Revised Selected Papers
SAC 2007 was the 14th in a series of annual workshops on Selected Areas in Cryptography. This is the ?rst time this workshop was held at the University of Ottawa. Previous workshops were held at Queen’s University in Kingston (1994, 1996, 1998, 1999, and 2005), Carleton University in Ottawa (1995, 1997, and 2003), University of Waterloo (2000 and 2004), Fields Institute in Toronto (2001), Memorial University of Newfoundland in St. Johns (2002), and Conc- dia University in Montreal (2006). The intent of the workshop is to provide a stimulating atmosphere where researchersin cryptology can present and discuss new work on selected areas of current interest.
Science and Practice of Pressure Ulcer Management
Science and Practice of Pressure Ulcer Management establishes the clinical and scientific basis behind effective pressure ulcer management. Essential reading for dermatology clinicians and vascular surgeons, and having been developed under the auspices of EPUAP (European Pressure Ulcer Advisery Panel), this text is the primary reference for pressure ulcers from diagnosis and prevention to management and treatment options. Dermatology nursing and clinic staff, as well as interns, gain important insight from reading this book. The contributing authors are all experts in the management of pressure ulcers and will provide a valuable clinical compendium for this difficult area of medicine. Numerous detailed illustrations, many in color, and tables are included to enhance the text.
Scheduling : Theory, Algorithms, and Systems
This book on scheduling covers theoretical models as well as scheduling problems in the real world. The book consists of three parts. The first part focuses on deterministic scheduling with the associated combinatorial problems. The second part covers probabilistic scheduling models. In this part it is assumed that processing times and other problem data are not known in advance. The third part deals with scheduling in practice. It covers heuristics that are popular with practitioners and discusses system design and development issues. Each chapter contains a series of computational and theoretical exercises.
