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Mid-Infrared Coherent Sources and Applications
Coherent sources of mid-infrared (mid-IR) radiation are of great interest for a wide range of scienti?c and technological applications from spectroscopy and frequency metrology to information technology, industrial process control, pho- chemistry, photobiology and photomedicine. The mid-IR spectrum, which may be de?ned as wavelengths beyond ?2µm, covers important atmospheric windows, and numerous molecular gases, toxic agents, air, water, and soil pollutants, c- ponents of human breath, and several explosive agents have strong absorption ?ngerprints in this region. The development of practical coherent solid-state sources in the mid-IR can thus provide indispensable tools for a variety of - plications in environmental monitoring and pollution control, detection of water and soil contaminants, food quality control, agriculture and life sciences, and n- invasive disease diagnosis and therapy through breath analysis.
Micropropagation methods in temporary immersion systems
Presents vital techniques for the commercial micropropagation of plants. It explores numerous micropropagation protocols in different types of temporary immersion systems for plant species with agricultural, medicinal, ornamental, and forestry interest, detailing the type of bioreactor and the optimal parameters necessary to guarantee obtaining the largest number of commercial propagules. Written for the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology series, chapters include introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step and readily reproducible laboratory protocols, and tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls.
Microfluidics diagnostics : Methods and protocols
Explores a wide range of microfluidic-based approaches that exploit the unique features of microfluidic devices, which hold significant potential in the field of diagnosis. Beginning with a section on microchips for sample preparation, including cell-free DNA, exosomes, and cells, the book continues by covering protein marker analysis and detection, single-cell analysis, analysis of bacteria and viruses, as well as human cell-based culture and analysis. Written for the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology series, chapters include introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step and readily reproducible laboratory protocols, and tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls.
MICAI 2008 : Advances in Artificial Intelligence ;7th Mexican International Conference on Artificial Intelligence, Atizapán de Zaragoza, Mexico, October 27-31, 2008 Proceedings
The 96 revised full papers presented together with 2 invited lectures were carefully reviewed and selected from 363 submissions. The papers are organized in topical sections on logic and reasoning, knowledge-based systems, knowledge representation and acquisition, ontologies, natural language processing, machine learning, pattern recognition, data mining, neural networks, genetic algorithms, hybrid intelligent systems, computer vision and image processing, robotics, planning and scheduling, uncertainty and probabilistic reasoning, fuzzy logic, intelligent tutoring systems, multi-agent systems and distributed ai, intelligent organizations, bioinformatics and medical applications, as well as applications.
MICAI 2005 : Advances in Artificial Intelligence ; 4th Mexican International Conference on Artificial Intelligence, Monterrey, Mexico, November 14-18, 2005, Proceedings
Constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 4th Mexican International Conference on Artificial Intelligence, MICAI 2005, held Mexico, in November 2005. This book is organized in topical sections on knowledge representation and management, logic and constraint programming, uncertainty reasoning, multiagent systems and distributed AI, and others.
Methodological Investigations in Agent-Based Modelling : With Applications for the Social Sciences
Examines the methodological complications of using complexity science concepts within the social science domain. The opening chapters take the reader on a tour through the development of simulation methodologies in the fields of artificial life and population biology, then demonstrates the growing popularity and relevance of these methods in the social sciences. Following an in-depth analysis of the potential impact of these methods on social science and social theory, the text provides substantive examples of the application of agent-based models in the field of demography. This work offers a unique combination of applied simulation work and substantive, in-depth philosophical analysis, and as such has potential appeal for specialist social scientists, complex systems scientists, and philosophers of science interested in the methodology of simulation and the practice of interdisciplinary computing research.
Metal Catalyzed Reductive C-C Bond Formation : A Departure from Preformed Organometallic Reagents
The prototypical catalytic reductive C–C bond formations, the Fischer-Tropsch reaction [1] and alkene hydroformylation [2], were discovered in 1922 and 1938, respectively [3,4]. These processes, which involve reductive coupling to carbon monoxide, have long been applied to the industrial manufacture of commodity chemicals [5]. Notably, alkene hydroformylation, also known as the oxo-synthesis, has emerged as the largest volume application of homogeneous metal catalysis, accounting for the production of over 7 million metrictons of aldehyde annually. Despite the impact of these prototypical reductive C–C bond formations, this field of research lay fallow for several decades.
Metaheuristics : Progress as Real Problem Solvers
Metaheuristics: Progress as Real Problem Solvers is a peer-reviewed volume of eighteen current, cutting-edge papers by leading researchers in the field. Included are an invited paper by F. Glover and G. Kochenberger, which discusses the concept of Metaheuristic agent processes, and a tutorial paper by M.G.C. Resende and C.C. Ribeiro discussing GRASP with path-relinking. Other papers discuss problem-solving approaches to timetabling, automated planograms, elevators, space allocation, shift design, cutting stock, flexible shop scheduling, colorectal cancer and cartography. A final group of methodology papers clarify various aspects of Metaheuristics from the computational view point
Mercury Pollution in Minamata
It overviews the poisoning which occurred in the 1950s and 1960s among the residents in Minamata who ate seafood contaminated with methylmercury discharged from the chemical factory, Chisso Corporation. It describes the history, symptoms pathogenesis and research on the causal agent, and discusses the responses of Chisso and the national and local governments to the outbreak, the victims, the compensation and environmental restructuring as well as the court ruling on claims. Based on lecture notes from a university course, it includes students’ suggestions for avoiding a repeat of the tragedy. The issue has not been settled yet, and this analysis of the incident provides useful insights into solutions to the current global mercury pollution problem.
Memory B-cells : Methods and protocols
Details in methods to assess memory B cell formation and function in mice and humans. Chapters guide readers through tetramer-based methods to assess antigen-specific memory B cell dynamics in humans and mice in different vaccine, next-generation deep-sequencing, single-cell techniques to assess epigenomic, VDJ landscapes, lymph node aspirates from humans, advanced imaging, murine models to determine memory B cells formation, and bioinformatic techniques and in silico modelling of memory b cell formation. Written in the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology series format, chapters include introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible laboratory protocols, and key tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls.
Membrane Computing ; Vol. 3365 ; 5th International Workshop, WMC 2004, Milan, Italy, June 14-16, 2004, Revised Selected and Invited Papers
Constitutes the refereed extended postproceedings of the 5th International Workshop on Membrane Computing, held in Italy, in June 2004. This book addresses various topics in the area of membrane computing, ranging from mathematics and theoretical computer science to applications in biology, linguistics, and computer graphics.
Medicinal spice and condiment crops
Spices are used in small quantities to add flavor, aroma, color, and texture in food preparation. However, spices and condiments have also been recognized as having medicinal value. They have been used traditionally as curative and preventive agents, the bioactive compounds obtained from these plants are used in herbal drug formulations in modern times.
Medicinal plants and antimicrobial therapies
Serves as an excellent comprehensive material covering the current understandings and updates on antimicrobial resistance (AMR) and the use of medicinal plant resources for tackling it. Chapters cover important aspects of AMR and strategies to address this threatening issue with medicinal plants and their resources. One health perspectives for addressing AMR have been presented for the readers. Antimicrobial medicinal plant therapeutic resources including crude extracts, active fractions, pure molecules and essential oils, besides using them as functionalizing agents for nano-antimicrobials have been covered. Further, plant endophytes as a source of antimicrobial compounds have been discussed. Chapters cover both the bactericidal as well as resistance-reversal (or potentiating/ combinatorial therapies) potencies of medicinal plant resources. The book also focuses on how medicinal plant resources effectively target major determinants of AMR.
Medicinal compounds in modern healthcare : From tradition to innovation
Reviews the evolution, development, and application of medicinal compounds, beginning with their historical context and advancing to modern innovations. The book describes the therapeutic potential of bioactive compounds from microorganisms, the role of antioxidants and anti-inflammatory agents in managing chronic diseases, and the use of small molecules in pain management and mental healthcare. It further explores immunomodulatory compounds, epigenetic modifiers, and the latest advancements in drug development, including integrative medicine approaches and the applications of nanotechnology in traditional medicine. Additionally, the book addresses the use of immunomodulatory agents like methotrexate and paclitaxel in cancer treatment, regulatory considerations for ensuring safety and efficacy in medicinal compounds, and the growing field of nutraceuticals. Towards the end, the book covers the extraction, profiling, and ADMET evaluation of medicinal compounds, intellectual property challenges, and the significance of traditional medicine in modern healthcare.
Medical Treatment of Intoxications and Decontamination of Chemical Agents in the Area of Terrorist Attack
This book includes reports which were presented at a NATO Advanced Research Workshop (ARW) entitled?Medical Treatment of Intoxications and Decontamination of Chemical Agent in the Area of Terrorist Attack?. The focus of this workshop was assessment of scientific concepts and practical means for management of chemical agent casualties in the area of terrorist attack with emphasis on improving the medical treatment and decontamination. These problems were analyzed from an interdisciplinary perspective. The primary objective of the ARW was to provide countries in which chemical-defense systems are currently under development with the experience and expertise of those that are more advanced and/or have already been exposed and responded to a chemical-terrorist attack. . The main areas covered were: 1. new approaches in pre-treatment and prophylaxis of nerve agent intoxication; 2. diagnosis of exposure to chemical agents ; 3. therapy of chemical agent intoxication; 4. development of personal decontamination; 5. decontamination of intoxication with chemical agents.
Medical laboratory technology procedure : manual for routine diagnostic tests ; Vol.3
Salient features Predominantly tailored to the requirements of laboratories with limited facilities in developing countries, this manual: Introduces methods and procedures for producing reliable laboratory findings Describes all tests in a step-by-step manner with guidelines to avoid errors and hazards Explains care and use of laboratory equipment and preparation of reagents Details Zika and Chikungunya virus infections Highlights the clinical significance of laboratory findings Provides illustrations for easy comprehension The fourth edition features a number of important additions containing the latest topics relevant to the subject
Mechanizing Mathematical Reasoning : Essays in Honor of Jörg H. Siekmann on the Occasion of His 60th Birthday
By presenting state-of-the-art results in logical reasoning and formal methods in the context of artificial intelligence and AI applications, this book commemorates the 60th birthday of Jörg H. Siekmann. The 30 revised reviewed papers are written by former and current students and colleagues of Jörg Siekmann; also included is an appraisal of the scientific career of Jörg Siekmann entitled "A Portrait of a Scientist: Logics, AI, and Politics." The papers are organized in four parts on logic and deduction, applications of logic, formal methods and security, and agents and planning.
Mechanisms of Angiogenesis
Is it advisable to go back from bedside to the bench? During the last decade, few topics encountered such a broad interest in bio- gy and medicine as angiogenesis. The amazing ability of the body to restore blood flow by induction of blood vessel growth as part of an adaptive process has alarmed physicians dealing with diseases in which angiogenesis is either exaggerated (as in tumors) or too slow (as in ischemic diseases of heart and brain). Not surprisingly, pro- and antiangiogenic strategies have found their way into clinical trials. For instance, for the USA, the NIH website in early 2004 displayed 38 clinical studies involving either pro- or antiangiogenic th- apies. Given the expected overwhelming wealth of clinical data, the question may be asked whether further exploration of biological mechanisms is required or whether results from the bedside are instructive enough to proceed. This question depends also on the progress of pro- and antiangiogenic clinical trials. In the following, I give a short overview about some of the progress that has been made in this field. Since Judah Folkman proposed antiangiogenic tumor therapy thirty years ago, it has become increasingly evident that agents which interfere with blood vessel formation also block tumor progression. Accordingly, antiangiogenic therapy has gained much attention as a potential adjunct to conventional c- cer therapy.
Measuring Globalisation : Gauging Its Consequences
Globalization a timely and controversial topic Presents comprehensive synthesis/overview of perspectives/approaches to "globalization", defines the term in more objective, scientific terms Presents rigorous empirical measures of globalization and its economic, political and social impact, w/implications for management and policy Authors represent different theoretical perspectives; are prolific and well-respected in the field
Matrix Metalloproteinases in Tissue Remodelling and Inflammation
Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are proteolytic enzymes believed to be involved in many physiological and pathological processes associated with inflammatory reactions. This volume presents new advances in the involvement of MMPs in various diseases associated with inflammatory processes. Moreover, the recent development of selective and non selective inhibitors of MMPs provides new insights in the relationship between activation of inflammatory cells and tissue remodelling and advises new therapeutic possibilities for the treatment of inflammatory diseases.
