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Photon-based Nanoscience and Nanobiotechnology
Light has always played a significant role in the synthesis of materials and formation of small-scale solid structures. The invention of holographic and phase mask projection has enabled engineers to fabricate devices with characteristic features much smaller than the wavelength of the light used for processing. A further reduction of device dimensions has been achieved by implementing the processes that rely strongly on the non-linear effects of light-matter interaction. The intention of this book was to provide the Reader, primarily graduate students and young researchers in materials engineering, bio(chem)physics, medical physics and biophysics, with a set of articles reviewing state-of-the art research and recent advancements in the field of photon-matter interaction for micro/nanomaterials synthesis and manipulation of properties of biological and inorganic materials at the atomic level.
Photomorphogenesis in plants and bacteria : Function and signal transduction mechanisms
Plants as sessile organisms have evolved fascinating capacities to adapt to changes in their natural environment. Arguably, light is by far the most important and variable environmental factor. The quality, quantity, direction and duration of light is monitored by a series of photoreceptors covering spectral information from UVB to near infrared. The response of the plants to light is called photomorphogenesis and it is regulated by the concerted action of photoreceptors. The combined techniques of action spectroscopy and biochemistry allowed one of the important photoreceptors – phytochrome – to be identified in the middle of the last century.
Photodynamic therapy
The healing power of light has attracted interest for thousands of years. Scientific discoveries and technological dvancements in the field have eventually led to the emergence of photodynamic therapy, which soon became a promising approach in treating a broad range of diseases. Based on the interaction between light, molecular oxygen, and various photosensitizers, photodynamic therapy represents a non-invasive, non-toxic, repeatable procedure for tumor treatment, wound healing, and pathogens inactivation
Photochemistry and Photophysics of Coordination Compounds II
Photochemistry (a term that broadly speaking includes photophysics) is abranchofmodern science that deal swith the interaction of lightwithmatter and lies at the crossroadsof chemistry, physics, and biology. However, before being a branch of modern science, photochemistry was (and still is today), an extremely important natural phenomenon. When God said: “Let there be light”, photochemistry began to operate, helping God to create the world as wenowknowit.
Photochemistry and Photophysics of Coordination Compounds I
Photochemistry (a term that broadly speaking includes photophysics) is abranchofmodern science that deal swith the interaction of lightwithmatter and lies at the crossroadsof chemistry, physics, and biology. However, before being a branch of modern science, photochemistry was (and still is today), an extremely important natural phenomenon. When God said: “Let there be light”, photochemistry began to operate, helping God to create the world as wenowknowit.
Photocatalytic Reaction Engineering
Heterogeneous photocatalysis is a novel technique for water purification. Publications on photocatalysis span a relatively recent period of not more than 25 years. This is a technique that, according to our extensive experience on the development of laboratory scale and pilot plant units, has great promise to eliminate water and air pollutants. Photocatalysis offers much more than competitive techniques where pollutants are transferred from phases; photocatalysis can achieve complete mineralization of pollutants leaving non-toxic species such as CO2 and H2O and can be exploited at close to room temperature and ambient pressure.
Philosophy of Chemistry : Synthesis of a New Discipline
This comprehensive volume marks a new standard in scholarship in the still emerging field of the philosophy of chemistry. With selections drawn from a wide range of scholarly disciplines, philosophers, chemists, and historians of science here converge to ask some of the most fundamental questions about the relationship between philosophy and chemistry. What can chemistry teach us about longstanding disputes in the philosophy of science over such issues as reductionism, autonomy, and supervenience? And what new issues may chemistry bring to the forefront now that it has joined physics and biology as a serious topic for philosophical reflection.
Phenomenology of life : From the animal soul to the human mind ; Book II : the human soul in the creative transformation of the mind
The challenge presented by the recent tendencies to "naturalize" phenomenology, on the basis of the progress in biological and neurological sciences, calls for an investigation of the traditional mind-body problem. The progress in phenomenological investigation is up to answering that challenge by placing the issues at stake upon a novel platform, that is the ontopoiesis of life. The present collection of studies extends our investigation (see Analecta Husserliana vol. 93) by seeking the ontopoietic continuity of sense between the vitally and spiritually significant functions of life.
Phenolic Compound Biochemistry
This book is written for researchers, instructors, advanced undergraduate students and beginning graduate students in the life sciences who wish to become more familiar with these and many other intriguing aspects of phenolic compounds. Topics covered include nomenclature, chemical properties, biosynthesis, including an up-to-date overview of the genetics controlling phenolic metabolism, isolation and characterization of phenolic compounds, phenolics used in plant defense, and the impact of phenolics on human health. The book is written in an accessible style, and assumes only basic knowledge of organic chemistry, biochemistry and cell physiology. More than 300 chemical structures and reaction schemes illustrate the text.
Phase Transitions of Simple Systems
This monograph develops a unified microscopic basis for phases and phase changes of bulk matter and small systems in terms of classical physics. The origins of such phase changes are derived from simple but physically relevant models of how transitions between rigid crystalline, glassy and fluid states occur, how phase equilibria arise, and how bulk properties evolve from those of small systems.
Pharma-Ecology : The Occurrence and Fate of Pharmaceuticals and Personal Care Products in the Environment
Joins the health and environmental sciences professions' concern over the occurrence and fate of pharmaceutical and personal care products (PPCPs) in the environment and explores how to best minimize their impact. The text highlights the biological effects of various classes of pharmaceutical compounds under clinical settings, their modes of action, and approximate quantities consumed.
Pharma-Ecology : The Occurrence and Fate of Pharmaceuticals and Personal Care Products in the Environment
Presents a range of pharmaceutical compounds categorized by mode of action and common usage, displaying the volumes (or number of prescriptions) that are dispersed* Discusses the detection of PPCPs in the environment using instrumentation and bioassay techniques, including microarrays* Covers the occurrences of PPCPs in aquatic systems, sediments, soil, and aerial environments* Considers the persistence and degradation of PPCPs in the environment, and links pharmacokinetics/pharmacodynamics with the kinetics of PPCPs in the environment* Explores engineering and treatment techniques that could minimize the impact of PPCPs in the environment* Includes numerous tables and figures that illustrate informationThis is an enlightening reference for engineers, toxicologists, ecologists, micro-biologists, and chemists involved in pollution and environmental analysis; policy-makers; professionals in federal and state regulatory agencies; and pharmaceutical professionals. It is also an excellent text for undergraduate and graduate students in related fields.
Pharmacovigilance for Herbal and Traditional Medicines : Advances, Challenges and International Perspectives
Dedicated to the topic of pharmacovigilance for herbal and traditional medicines. Taking a truly global perspective, this volume draws together contributions from a diverse group of experts, writing on current knowledge and practices in pharmacovigilance for herbal and traditional medicines, and on advances and innovation in monitoring the safety of this unique and complex category of products and preparations. In part one, the book discusses the current status of pharmacovigilance for herbal and traditional medicines, including the importance of natural products chemistry to harms, and its relevance in considering how pharmacovigilance for these products could be undertaken. Several other chapters discuss methodological approaches and ongoing challenges in pharmacovigilance for herbal and traditional medicines, including issues relating to nomenclature, coding and classification, and the nuances involved in causality assessment.
Pharmacovigilance and Adverse Drug Reactions in Children
Pharmacovigilance (PhV), also known as drug safety, is the pharmacological science relating to the collection, detection, assessment, monitoring and prevention of adverse effects; an unexpected medical problem that happens during treatment with a drug or other therapy. They may be mild, moderate, or severe. This research will be discussing adverse drug’s reaction related to an overdose in children, the administration of inappropriate or prohibited medicines for children, and the hypersensitivity that sometimes is associated with children’s meds. It will also be discussing over the counter cough and cold meds for infants under 2 years old, Pharmacovigilance in Syria, data that was gathered throughout this research and a discussion and founds of the results.
Pharmacology of Neurotransmitter Release
It has been known for half a century that neurotransmitters are released in preformed quanta, that the quanta represent transmitter-storing vesicles, and that release occurs by exocytosis. The focus of this book is twofold. In the first part, the molecular events of exocytosis are analysed. This includes a discussion of presynaptic calcium channels, the core proteins of the secretory machinery, and the actions of clostridial toxins and a -latrotoxin, famous for their potency as well as their crucial role in the elucidation of the steps of exocytosis. In the book’s second part, the presynaptic receptors for endogenous chemical signals are presented that make neurotransmitter release a highly regulated process. These include ligand-gated ion channels and presynaptic G-protein-coupled receptors. The targets of presynaptic receptors within the exocytosis cascade, and their therapeutic potential, are subjects addressed in the majority of chapters.
Pharmacology of Immunosuppression
Provides a guide and detailed review of immunosuppression in terms of molecular mechanisms of action, side effects and clinical trials that validated their utility. This includes their use in solid organ transplantation, bone marrow transplantation and autoimmune diseases and inflammatory diseases. This book is a critical review of these topics and a vital resource. Provides all information on clinical and basic aspects of immunosuppression and its role in a variety of diseases. State of the art information by leaders in the field.
Pharmacology of antifungal agents
Fungal infections are associated with significant morbidity and mortality, and their management is restricted to a variety of agents from five established classes of antifungal medication. In practice, existing antifungal agents are often constrained by dose-limiting toxicities, drug interactions, and the routes of administration. An increasing prevalence of fungal infections along with rising rates of resistance and the practical limitations of existing agents has created a demand for the development of new antifungals, particularly those with novel mechanisms of action. This article reviews antifungal agents currently in various stages of clinical development. In addition to systemic and superficial fungal diseases.
Pharmacology in drug discovery and development : Understanding drug response
An introductory resource illustrating how pharmacology can be used to furnish the tools necessary to analyze different drug behavior and trace this behavior to its root cause or molecular mechanism of action. The concepts discussed in this book allow for the application of more predictive pharmacological procedures aimed at increasing therapeutic efficacy that will lead to more successful drug development. Chapters logically build upon one another to show how to characterize the pharmacology of any given molecule and allow for more informed predictions of drug effects in all biological systems. New chapters are dedicated to the interdisciplinary drug discovery environment in both industry and academia, and special techniques involved in new drug screening and lead optimization. This edition has been fully revised to address the latest advances and research related to real time kinetic assays, pluridimensional efficacy, signaling bias, irreversible and chemical antagonism, allosterically-induced bias, pharmacokinetics and safety, target and pathway validation, and much more.
Pharmacology and therapeutics for dentistry
A complete understanding of drugs affecting patient care! Pharmacology and Therapeutics for Dentistry, 7th Edition describes how to evaluate a patient’s health and optimize dental treatment by factoring in the drugs they take. It explores the basic principles of pharmacology, the ways that drugs affect the body, and the potential for adverse drug interactions. Developed by Frank Dowd, Barton Johnson, and Angelo Mariotti, with chapters from a team of expert contributors, this is the only book written by dental pharmacologists for the dental market. Whether you’re concerned about the drugs a patient is already taking or the drugs you prescribe for treatment, this book helps you reduce risk and provide effective dental care.
Pharmacokinetics and toxicokinetic considerations - Vol II ; 1st ed.
Explains the central principles, cutting-edge methodologies, and incipient thought processes applied to toxicology research. As part of the Advances in Pharmaceutical Product Development and Research series, the book provides expert literature on dose, dosage regimen and dose adjustment, medication errors, and approaches for its prevention, the concept of pharmacotherapy, and managed care in clinical interventions. It expounds on strategies to revamp the pharmacokinetics of the drug and the factors affecting the stability of drugs and their metabolites in biological matrices. Finally, the book offers focused elaborations on various bioanalytical methods for bioavailability and bioequivalence assessment and integrates the wide-ranging principles and concepts shared by toxicokinetics and pharmacodynamics as mutual crosstalk rather than isolated observations. It will be helpful to researchers and advanced students working in the pharmaceutical, cosmetics, biotechnology, food, and related industries including toxicologists, pharmacists, and pharmacologists.
