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Effects of Space Weather on Technology Infrastructure ; Proceedings of the NATO ARW on Effects of Space Weather on Technology Infrastructure, Rhodes, Greece, from 25 to 29 March 2003
The 17 chapters of this book grew out of the tutorial lectures given by leading world-class experts at the NATO Advanced Research Workshop “Effects of Space Weather on Technology Infrastructure” - ESPRIT, which was held in Rhodes on March 25-29, 2004. All manuscripts were refereed and subsequently meticulously edited by the editor to ensure the highest quality for this monograph. I owe particular thanks to the lecturers of the ESPRIT Advanced Research Workshop for producing these excellent tutorial reviews, which convey the essential knowledge and the latest advances in our field. Due to the breadth, extensive literature citations and quality of the reviews we expect this publication to serve extremely well as a reference book. Multimedia material referring to individual chapters of the book is accessible on the accompanying CD. The aim of ESPRIT was to assess existing knowledge and identify future actions regarding monitoring, forecasting and mitigation of space weather induced malfunction and damage of vital technological systems operating in space and on the ground.
Effective Computational Geometry for Curves and Surfaces
Computational geometry emerged as a discipline in the seventies and has had considerable success in improving the asymptotic complexity of the solutions to basic geometric problems including constructions of data structures,convex hulls, triangulations, Voronoi diagrams and geometric arrangements as well as geometric optimisation. The goal of this book is to take into consideration the multidisciplinary nature of the problem and to provide solid mathematical and algorithmic foundations for effiective computational geometry fo rcurves and surfaces. This book covers two main approaches. In a first part, we discuss exact geometric algorithms for curves and s- faces. We revisit two prominent data structures of computational geometry, namely arrangements (Chap. 1) and Voronoi diagrams (Chap. 2) in order to understand how these structures, which are well-known for linear objects, behave when de?ned on curved objects.
Education to Build Back Better : What Can We Learn from Education Reform for a Post-pandemic World
This book examines the implications of the COVID-19 Pandemic for education systems and argues that major education reforms will be necessary, particularly in the Global South, to address the learning loss caused by the pandemic. To inform those reforms, knowledge about the implementation reforms in the Global South is necessary, and such knowledge is seriously lacking as the existing literature on the implementation of educational change focused principally in reforms in countries in the Global North. This book contributes to address this gap by examining five major education reforms in India, Egypt, Taiwan, Vietnam, and Senegal, and by presenting two novel approaches to climate change education using a bottoms up strategy of reform.
Education for All and Multigrade Teaching : Challenges and Opportunities
This book is based on original research on challenges and opportunities in Colombia, England, Ghana, Malawi, Nepal, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Peru, Turks and Caicos and Vietnam. Its purpose is to raise awareness among educational policymakers and practitioners worldwide of the realities of multigrade classes in the context of Education for All, and to explore the implications for teachers, teacher educators, curriculum developers and educational planners.
Education and skills for inclusive growth, green jobs and the greening of economies in Asia : Case study summaries of India, Indonesia, Sri Lanka and Viet Nam
Presents an overview of the main research findings and case studies concerning education and skills for inclusive growth, green jobs and the greening of economies. Focusing on India, Indonesia, Sri Lanka and Viet Nam, it discusses government and business sector responses to these issues and how Technical and Vocational Education and Training (TVET) systems and institutions are addressing both the renewal of curricula in the context of green growth dynamics, and patterns of training and skills development to meet demands. In addition, the book examines cross-country issues, concerns and prospects regarding education and skills for inclusive growth and green jobs for the four countries. The book also provides summaries of the case studies undertaken for India, Indonesia, Sri Lanka and Viet Nam.
Ecosystem Organization of a Complex Landscape : Long-Term Research in the Bornhöved Lake District, Germany
Presents the major findings of a 12-year ecological study of the Bornhöved Lake District, situated some 30 km south of Kiel. Historically speaking, the present research scheme, like comparable long-term ecosystem studies at Göttingen, Bayreuth, München, and Berchtesgaden, has been conceived as the core of a comprehensive ecological surveillance system for Germany (Ellenberg et al. 1978). Comprising three interrelated components, namely an ecological monitoring network, comparative ecosystem research, and an environmental specimen bank, this system is intended to promote both ecological science and planning and policy. In this connection the geo- and bioscientifically based ecosystem research aims at understanding the structure and functions of systems, the natural equilibrium and stress tolerance of singular components and the entire system against changes and disturbances from within and from outside, and the relationships between diversity, productivity, and stability. Thus, ecosystem research forms the indispensable basis for the rational analysis of the comprehensive data sets made available by ecological monitoring networks and for the adequate selection of plant, animal, and soil specimens for environmental specimen banking purposes.
Economics: Complex Windows
This volume contains papers that provide an analysis of topics in the following areas: Agent Based Models, Non-linear Time Series Analysis, Financial Market Dynamics, Econo-physics, Deterministic Chaos, Macroeconomic Dynamics. Economics: Complex Windows, does not present contributions to the sterile debate as to the merits of the different grand, or potentially grand paradigms of economics. Rather it offers a balanced collection of methodological advances which can be applied to concrete economic problems. Starting with a presentation of the "complexity approach" to economics, it goes on to provide a collection of applications to areas such as the analysis of market imperfections, risk assessment, non-linear dynamics, forecasting and highly irregular fluctuations. The tools used help to provide a clearer understanding and a more accurate analysis of these areas of economics. They also highlight the gulf which exists between current economic theory and real economic practice. The basic idea is to encourage economic researchers to embrace a more open and pragmatic approach to economics rather than to reluctantly move in this direction as if it were somehow a betrayal of established dogma. We hope, in this way, to open up avenues which will lead to progress beyond the "holy trinity", (rationality, equilibrium and greed) of modern economics.
Economics of Identity Theft : Avoidance, Causes and Possible Cures
This book discusses privacy as multi-dimensional, and then pulls forward the economics of privacy in the first few chapters. This book also includes identity-based signatures, spyware, and the placement of biometric security in an economically broken system, which results in a broken biometric system. The final chapters include systematic problems with practical individual strategies for preventing identity theft for any reader of any economic status. In conclusion, four startling previews of the future are written as scenarios.
Economic Sociodynamics
A groundbreaking study of rational principles for the modern state to follow in promoting economic and social progress. Explains why more thoughtful and well meaning government intervention is a must today, not irrational passivity. Highly sophisticated but exceedingly pleasant reading. In this ambitious book the authors challenge mainstream economic theory by reconsidering the principle of individualism as its foundation.They refer to that version which fails to recognize the existence of the interests of society as such, and does thus exclude the role of the state as an independent market player seeking to realize these interests. The outcome is a new theoretical concept called "Economic Sociodynamics". The book reveals in detail the said concept, in particular its key notions of the sociodynamic multiplier and the rational behavior of the state.
Economic Liberalization and Integration Policy : Options for Eastern Europe and Russia
The authors of this book analyze the dynamics of macroeconomic and structural developments in Eastern Europe and Russia, with special attention paid to problems of international and national integration, "Dutch disease" and natural resource dependency, and distortions in institutional reforms. The analysis also sheds light on how these problems have implications for cooperation among OECD-countries. A critical focus is on institutional adjustment and learning, human capital formation, trade and foreign investment.
Economic Geology of Natural Gas Hydrate
This is the first book that attempts to broadly integrate the most recent knowledge in the fields of hydrate nucleation and growth in permafrost regions and marine sediments. Gas hydrate reactant supply, growth models, and implications for pore fill by natural gas hydrate are discussed for both seawater precursors in marine sediments and for permafrost hydrate. These models for forming hydrate concentrations that will constitute targets for exploration are discussed, along with exploration methods. Thermodynamic models for the controlled conversion of hydrate to natural gas, which can be recovered using conventional industry practices, suggest that a number of different types of hydrate occurrence are likely to be practical sources of hydrate natural gas. Current progress in the various aspects of commercial development of hydrate gas deposits are discussed, along with the principal extractive issues that have yet to be resolved.
Economic evaluation of sustainable development
This book presents methods to evaluate sustainable development using economic tools. The focus on sustainable development takes the reader beyond economic growth to encompass inclusion, environmental stewardship and good governance. Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) provide a framework for outcomes. In illustrating the SDGs, the book employs three evaluation approaches: impact evaluation, cost-benefit analysis and objectives-based evaluation.
Economic dynamics and information
This book analyzes the existence of equilibria in economies having a measured space of agents and a continuum of agents and commodities. Excessive homogeneity with respect to agent productivity leads to instability and non-uniqueness of a given stationary state and the indeterminacy of the corresponding stationary state equilibrium. Sufficient heterogeneity leads to global saddle-path stability, uniqueness of a given stationary state and the global uniqueness of the corresponding equilibrium.
Ecology of Riparian Forests in Japan : Disturbance, Life History, and Regeneration
It presents the dynamics and mechanisms that govern the coexistence of riparian tree species, tree demography, the response to water stress of trees, and the conservation of endangered species, and focuses on natural disturbances, life-history strategies, and the ecophysiology of trees. Because many riparian landscapes have been degraded and are disappearing at an alarming rate, the regeneration of the remaining riparian ecosystems is urgent. With contributions by more than 20 experts in diverse fields, this book offers useful information for the conservation, restoration, and rehabilitation of riparian ecosystems that remain in world streams and rivers.
Ecology and Conservation of Neotropical Montane Oak Forests
Covers the range of natural and managed oak forests in the highlands of tropical America. Providing an understanding of ecological patterns and processes that determine the structure and functioning of these forests, this volume aims to serve as a basis for sustainable forest management and biodiversity conservation.
E-business and telecommunication networks ; 2nd International conference, ICETE 2005, Reading, UK, October 3-7, 2005. Selected Papers
This book contains fields of e-business and telecommunication networks, including aspects related to security, wireless systems, signal processing, and all sorts of applications, who are bringing new services and technologies into the lives of ordinary consumers. Four simultaneous tracks were held, covering different aspects, namely: “Global Communication Information Systems and Services”, “Security and Reliability in Information Systems and Networks”, “Wireless Communication Systems and Networks” and “Multimedia Signal Processing”.
Earthquakes, Tsunamis and Nuclear Risks : Prediction and Assessment Beyond the Fukushima Accident
This book covers seismic probabilistic risk assessment (S-PRA) and related studies which have become more important to increase the safety of nuclear facilities against earthquakes and tsunamis in the face of the many uncertainties after the Fukushima accident. The topics are (1) Active faults and active tectonics important for seismic hazard assessment of nuclear facilities,(2) Seismic source modeling and simulation and modeling techniques indispensable for strong ground motion prediction, and (3) PRA with external hazard and risk communication.
Earthquakes : Simulations, Sources and Tsunamis
This book includes a variety of studies that focus on the modeling of tsunamis and earthquakes, both large-scale simulation and visualization programs, as well as detailed models of small-scale features. Particular attention is paid to computational techniques, languages, and hardware that can be used to facilitate data analysis, visualization, and modeling. Also included are studies of several earthquake forecasting techniques and associated comparisons of their results with historic earthquake data. Finally, the volume ends with theoretical analyses of statistical properties of seismicity by internationally recognized experts in the field. This volume will be of particular interest to researchers interested in the multiscale simulation and visualization of large earthquakes and tsunamis.
Earthquake Monitoring and Seismic Hazard Mitigation in Balkan Countries
this book including deployment of modern seismograph stations and arrays and these developments are detailed in the book. Station and network operations require near real time record analysis and topics dealt with here are 2-D signal detector, epicenter location and earthquake monitoring. Balkan is seismically the most active part of Europe due to multiple plate interactions in the Aegean Sea. The tectonic evolution and on-going geodynamic deformations are described in 2 articles. Earthquake hazard analysis and topographic site effects are discussed and likewise large earthquake hazards in the Aegean and the Marmara seas relate to practical applications of such procedures. Foremost; the book gives a good account of past, present and likely future seismological developments in Balkan countries and various kinds of network operations on local to global scales.
Earthquake Geotechnical Engineering ; 4th International Conference on Earthquake Geotechnical Engineering-Invited Lectures
This book contains the full papers on which the invited lectures of the 4th International Conference on Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering (4ICEGE) were based. It provides a comprehensive overview of the progress achieved to date in soil dynamics and geotechnical earthquake engineering, as well as in engineering seismology and seismic risk assessment and management. In situ and laboratory testing, theoretical issues and numerical modeling of soil dynamics, seismic hazard with emphasis on the long-period ground motion displacements, site effects and microzonation, liquefaction assessment and mitigation, soil-structure interaction, performance based design of geotechnical structures, earthquake resistant design and performance of shallow and deep foundations, retaining structures, embankments and dams, underground structures and lifelines, are all among the different topics covered in this book. Interdisciplinary subjects such as vulnerability assessment of, transportation networks and lifelines as well as of geotechnical structures are also discussed. Finally, the book provides a thorough presentation of the existing worldwide important large-scale testing facilities and geotechnical strong ground motion arrays.
