Page 2
Page 2
Molecular Mechanisms of Synaptogenesis
Molecular Mechanisms of Synaptogenesis is a compilation of recent exciting findings that summarizes the ever-expanding knowledge of how neuronal contacts develop in the normal brain and how their functions are affected in mental disorders. In the last decade, advances in molecular and cellular biology, combined with the development of sophisticated fluorescence microscopy tools to visualize synapses in live neurons, have revealed many intriguing and unexpected findings regarding the dynamics of synapse formation. Studies by a number of researchers have identified several critical protein components of synapses and shown the time course of their arrival at the synapse. Several molecules serve to hold the synaptic contacts between nerve cells and regulate their function.
Molecular Mechanisms of Basal Cell and Squamous Cell Carcinomas
apid progress in the understanding of carcinogenesis and pathology of epitheUal skin cancer has led to new strategies for the prevention Rand treatment of these malignancies. The goal of this volume is to comprehensively cover in a highly readable overview our present knowledge of pathogenetic mechanisms and molecular biology of Basal Cell and Squamous Cell Carcinomas. Topics that are discussed in-depth by leading researchers and clinicians range from the newest findings in epidemiology, histology, photobiology, immunology, cytogenetics, and molecular pathol ogy to new concepts for prophylaxis and treatment. Experts in the field as well as health care professionals not intimately involved in these specialized areas are provided with the most significant and timely information related to these topics. It is the aim of this book to summarize essential up-to-date information for clinicians and scientists interested in the biology of Basal Cell and Squamous Cell Carcinomas. The chapters are written by authors who are experts in their respective research areas, and I am gratefixl for their willingness to contribute to this book.
Molecular Marker Systems in Plant Breeding and Crop Improvement
Successful release of new and better crop varieties increasingly requires genomics and molecular biology. This volume presents basic information on plant molecular marker techniques from marker location up to gene cloning. The text includes a description of technical approaches in genome analysis such as comparison of marker systems, positional cloning, and array techniques in 19 crop plants. A special section focuses on converting this knowledge into general and specific breeding strategies, particularly in relation to biotic stress. Theory and practice of marker assisted selection for QTL, gene pyramiding and the future of MAS are summarized and discussed for maize, wheat, and soybean. Furthermore, approaches in silviculture on the examples of Fagus, Populus, Eucalyptus, Picea and Abies are presented. The volume ends with a comprehensive review of the patents relevant for using molecular markers and marker assisted selection.
Molecular bio-sensors and the role of metal ions
Represents a milestone of contemporary progress and understanding of molecular bio-sensors for metal ions. It is bringing together the latest research in academia and industry, and it also emphasizes the spectrum of evolving regulations from regulatory bodies. This vibrant research area is covered by 31 internationally recognized experts. The impact of MILS-23 is manifested by more than 1300 references and close to 200 figures, more than 100 of them in color; further information is summarized in several tables. In conclusion, Volume 23 significantly advances our understanding of Molecular Bio-Sensors, it is therefore an essential resource for scientists working in the wide range from earth sciences, material sciences, physics, pharmacology, enzymology, analytical, organic, and inorganic biochemistry all the way through to medicine including the clinic.
Molecular Biology of the Parathyroid
Caintaining extracellular calcium concentrations within a narrow range is critical for the survival of most vertebrates. PTH, together with vitamin D, responds to hypocalcemia to increase extracellu M lar calcium levels, by acting on bone, kidney and intestine. The recent intro duction of PTH as a major therapeutic agent in osteoporosis has directed renewed interest in this important hormone and in the physiology of the parathyroid gland. The parathyroid is unique in that low serum calcium stimulates PTH secretion. As hypocalcemia persists, there is also an increase in PTH synthesis. Chronic hypocalcemia leads to hypertrophy and hyper plasia of the parathyroid gland together with increased production of the hormone. Phosphate is also a key modulator of PTH secretion, gene expres sion and parathyroid cell proliferation. Understanding the biology of the parathyroid as well as the mecha nisms of associated diseases has taken great strides in recent years. This book summarizes the molecular mechanisms involved in the function of the para thyroid gland. The first chapter reviews the development of the parathyroid gland and the genes involved in this process as identified using genetically manipulated mice. Then the biosynthetic pathway of PTH from gene ex pression to its intracellular processing and the sequences in the gene control ling its transcription as well as those regulating mRNA processing, stability and translation are described.
Molecular Biology of Human Cancers: An Advanced Student's Textbook
Presents many of the molecules and mechanisms generally important in human cancers. Following an overview on the cancer problem, individual chapters deal with cancer genetics and epigenetics, DNA damage and repair, oncogenes, tumor suppressors, regulatory pathways in cancer, apoptosis, cellular senescence, tumor invasion, and metastasis. A consensus is emerging that while these common mechanisms and molecules are all relevant to human cancers, in each cancer type (or even subtype) a selection of them are extremely important. For selected cancers, the route from genetic and epigenetic changes to their biological and clinical behavior can already be traced. Part II of the book presents a broad, but exemplary selection of cancers that serve as paradigms to illustrate this point. In fact, cancer research has now reached a critical stage, in which the accumulated knowledge on molecular mechanisms is gradually translated into improved prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. The state, pitfalls, and potential of these efforts are summarized in Part III. More than ever, cancer research is now an interdisciplinary effort which requires a basic knowledge of commonly used terms, facts, issues, and concepts. The aim of this book is to provide advanced students and practitioners of different disciplines with this basis, bridging the gap between standard textbooks of molecular biology, pathology, and oncology on the one hand and the specialized cancer literature on the other.
Models, Methods and Tools for Product Service Design : The Manutelligence Project
This book summarizes research being pursued within the Manutelligence project, the goal of which is to help enterprises develop smart, social and flexible products with high value added services. Manutelligence has improved Product and Service Design by developing suitable models and methods, and connecting them through a modular, collaborative and secure ICT Platform. The use of real data collected in real time by Internet of Things (IoT) technologies underpins the design of product-service systems and makes it possible to monitor them throughout their life cycle. Available data allows costs and sustainability issues to be more accurately measured and simulated in the form of Life Cycle Cost (LCC) and Life Cycle Assessment (LCA). Analysing data from IoT systems and sharing LCC and LCA information via the ICT Platform can help to accelerate the design of product-service systems, reduce costs and better understand customer needs. Industrial partners involved in Manutelligence provide a clear overview of the project's outcomes, and demonstrate how its technological solutions can be used to improve the design of product-service systems and the management of product-service life cycles.
Model-Driven Software Development
Abstraction is the most basic principle of software engineering. Abstractions are provided by models. Modeling and model transformation constitute the core of model-driven development. Models can be refined and finally be transformed into a technical implementation, i.e., a software system. The aim of this book is to give an overview of the state of the art in model-driven software development. Achievements are considered from a conceptual point of view in the first part, while the second part describes technical advances and infrastructures. Finally, the third part summarizes experiences gained in actual projects employing model-driven development. Beydeda, Book and Gruhn put together the results from leading researchers in this area, both from industry and academia. The result is a collection of papers which gives both researchers and graduate students a comprehensive overview of current research issues and industrial forefront practice, as promoted by OMG’s MDA initiative.
Mobile forensics : The file format handbook : Common file formats and file systems used in mobile devices
This book summarizes knowledge about several file systems and file formats commonly used in mobile devices. In addition to the fundamental description of the formats, there are hints about the forensic value of possible artefacts, along with an outline of tools that can decode the relevant data.
Misbehaving Proteins : Protein (Mis)Folding, Aggregation, and Stability
Misfoldedaggregatedproteinoncewasconsideredasinterestingasyesterday’strash—a bothersome by-product of important and productive activities, to be disposed of and forgotten as quickly as possible. Yesterday’s trash has become today’s focus of cons- erable scienti?c interest for at least two reasons: (1) protein aggregates are at the core of a number of chronic degenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s disease, and (2) - gregation poses signi?cant obstacles to the manufacture of safe, ef?cacious, and stable protein products. As interest in protein misfolding, aggregation, and stability has soared beyond the core group of traditional protein-folding scientists, and as substantial scienti?c progress in understanding and controlling protein misfolding has been achieved, the need to summarize the state of the art became manifest. Although there are many excellent texts and edited collections on protein structure and folding, these volumes tend to relegate protein misfolding and aggregation to a minor role. Review articles and books focused on the biological role of protein aggregates in diseases have been published recently.
Micrometastasis
Distant metastases are the main cause of cancer-related death. The onset of the metastatic process can now be assessed in cancer patients by the use of immunocytochemical and molecular methods that allow the identification of disseminated carcinoma cells in regional lymph nodes, peripheral blood or distant organs. There is increasing evidence that the detection and characterization of tumor cells present in bone marrow or peripheral blood can provide clinically important information. In this book, leading experts in the area of micrometastasis research provide an overview that summarizes the current state of research on micrometastatic disease in patients with solid tumors. In each chapter, the technical aspect as well as clinical relevance of micrometastasis detection is discussed. The book addresses basic researchers as well as clinicians involved in the treatment of cancer patients.
Metathesis Polymerization
Clearly illustrated and demonstrated by the entire series of Advances in Polymer Science., the area of polymer science is a rapidly developing and growing field, strongly influencing other areas of chemistry. Among other polymerization techniques, those based on metathesis polymerization have experienced significant progress. With a rapidly developing armory of initiators on hand, one is now capable of polymerizing various types of functional monomers by metathesis-based techniques.The latest developments in all these areas of metathesis-based polymerizations are summarized in this book. It is designed to attract equally students and advanced scientists working in the areas of polymer science, physical, and organometallic chemistry by providing both extensive background information and up-to-date interdisciplinary knowledge. Special consideration has been given to the literature sections in order to facilitate further reading.
Medicinal Chemistry for Practitioners
Presenting both a panoramic introduction to the essential disciplines of drug discovery for novice medicinal chemists as well as a useful reference for veteran drug hunters, this book summarizes the state-of-the-art of medicinal chemistry. It covers key drug targets including enzymes, receptors, and ion channels, and hit and lead discovery. The book hen surveys a drug's pharmacokinetics and toxicity, with a solid chapter covering fundamental bioisosteres as a guide to structure-activity relationship investigations.
Medical image synthesis : Methods and clinical applications
Image synthesis across and within medical imaging modalities is an active area of research with broad applications in radiology and radiation oncology. This book covers the principles and methods of medical image synthesis, along with state-of-the-art research. First, various traditional non-learning-based, traditional machine-learning-based, and recent deep-learning-based medical image synthesis methods are reviewed. Second, specific applications of different inter- and intra-modality image synthesis tasks and of synthetic image-aided segmentation and registration are introduced and summarized, listing and highlighting the proposed methods, study designs, and reported performances with the related clinical applications of representative studies. Third, the clinical usages of medical image synthesis, such as treatment planning and image-guided adaptive radiotherapy, are discussed. Last, the limitations and current challenges of various medical synthesis applications are explored, along with future trends and potential solutions to solve these difficulties.
Iron Nutrition in Plants and Rhizospheric Microorganisms
This book uses an interdisciplinary approach to provide a comprehensive review on the status of iron nutrition in plants. International scientists discuss research on acquisition of iron by strategy I and strategy II plants. These reviews summarize a variety of plant species and include both laboratory and field observations. Topics covered in this book include: plants as a source of iron for animals and humans, iron translocation in the plants, iron-stimulated activities that influence crop yield and fruit tree productivity, iron uptake by plants as influenced by microorganisms (i.e. free living soil microorganisms, symbiotic nitrogen-fixing and pathogenic bacteria), the role of plant hormones in iron transport, iron-metal competition in phytoremediation, root zone activities involving interactions between minerals and organic matter, the role of microbial siderophores in rhizospheric iron cycling, iron storage as phytoferritin, proteomic and metabolic studies associated with iron stress response, methods for studying iron metabolism including stable isotopes, and the correction of iron deficiency through the use of synthetic or natural chelates.
Introduction to Lie Algebras
This book provides an elementary introduction to Lie algebras. It starts with basic concepts. A section on low-dimensional Lie algebras provides readers with experience of some useful examples. This is followed by a discussion of solvable Lie algebras and a strategy towards a classification of finite-dimensional complex Lie algebras. The next chapters cover Engel's theorem, Lie's theorem and Cartan's criteria and introduce some representation theory. The root-space decomposition of a semisimple Lie algebra is discussed, and the classical Lie algebras studied in detail. The authors also classify root systems, and give an outline of Serre's construction of complex semisimple Lie algebras. An overview of further directions then concludes the book and shows the high degree to which Lie algebras influence present-day mathematics.The only prerequisite is some linear algebra and an appendix summarizes the main facts that are needed. The treatment is kept as simple as possible with no attempt at full generality.
Introduction to basics of pharmacology and toxicology ; Vol.3 : Experimental pharmacology : Research methodology and biostatistics
Elaborates on the general principles of experimental pharmacology. Describes about the screening methods for the evaluation of different categories of drugs. Summarizes the various aspects of research methodology and biostatistics.
Intentional acts and institutional facts : Essays on John Searle’s social ontology
This book includes ten original essays that critically examine central themes of John Searle’s ontology of society, as well as a new essay by Searle that summarizes and further develops his work in that area. The critical essays are grouped into three parts. Part I (Aspects of Collective Intentionality) . Part II (From Intentions to Institutions: Development and Evolution) . Part III (Aspects of Institutional Reality).
Insects and Ecosystem Function
In the past two decades, an increasing number of ecologists have started to investigate the importance of biodiversity for ecological processes such as energy flow and nutrient cycling, often referred to as 'ecosystem functioning'. Insects are a dominant component of biodiversity in terrestrial ecosystems and play a key role in mediating the relationship between plants and ecosystem processes. This volume is the first to summarize their effects on ecosystem functioning, focusing mainly, but not exclusively, on herbivorous insects. Renowned authors with extensive experience in the field of plant-insect interactions, contribute to the volume using examples from their own work. In addition to providing concise reviews of the field, this volume discusses in detail the advantages and disadvantages of various techniques of manipulating insect herbivory. Thus, the text provides both a theoretical basis as well as practical advice for future manipulative studies of biodiversity-ecosystem functioning.
Information Systems Action Research : An Applied View of Emerging Concepts and Methods
Information Systems Action Research is organized into three parts: (1) The first part focuses on the methodological issues that arise when action research methods are conducted. (2) The second part provides examples of action research in practice. (3) The third part will summarize the philosophical foundations of action research and its application as a methodology in Information Systems research and research programs.The book will include chapters from Europe, Australasia, and the Americas representing different traditions and perspectives in action research. These chapters will come from prominent scholars in the areas, who are widely recognized as authors of seminal ideas in action research.
