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Real Options and Investment Incentives
Many large corporations delegate investment decision-making authority to their divisions. Because they are better informed, divisional managers should be able to make better decisions than corporate headquarters. However, they can use this informational advantage to pursue their own interests. The objective of this work is to analyze the problem of delegated decision-making within firms when investment projects are characterized by the possibility to make subsequent decisions after the initial investment decision has been made. By analyzing this question, the monograph combines and unifies two important lines of literature: on the one hand the literature on controlling investment decisions, on the other hand the investment valuation literature.
Reading Between the Lines of Corporate Financial Reports : In Search of Financial Misstatements
Provides a digestible step-by-step guide to reading corporate financial reports, drawing upon real-life case studies and examples of corporate collapses and accounting scandals, and applying practical tools to financial statement analysis. Appealing to a range of practitioners within corporate finance including investors, managers, and business analysts, this book is the first to specifically address the challenges facing those who are not professional accountants and auditors when examining corporate financial reports. Corporate financial reports are used widely by managers, investors, creditors, and government agencies to examine company performance and evaluate potential risks. However, although seemingly an invaluable source of information for managerial decision-making, financial reports are often based on rough simplifications of a very complex reality. With no way of avoiding deliberate manipulations and fraudulent activity, these statements cannot be relied on completely when selecting stocks or evaluating credit risk, and therefore poor analysis can lead to potentially disastrous investment decisions.
Reactive Oxygen Species in Plant Biology
This book highlights the latest advances made in the niche area of Reactive Oxygen Species and Redox processes in plants. It offers a valuable guide for researchers and students alike, providing insights into sensing, detox scavenging, the role in oxidative deterioration, and signaling associated with redox-regulatory processes in plants. The book also dramatically demonstrates how these amazingly resourceful molecular species and radicals are poised at the core of a sophisticated network of signaling pathways, and act as vital regulators of plants’ cell physiology and cellular responses to the environment. The molecular language associated with ROS-mediated signal transduction, which produces modulations in gene expression that determine plants’ stress acclamatory performance, is also discussed. The book subsequently provides information on current trends in redox proteomics and genomics, which include efforts to gain a fuller understanding of these redox players’ role in cellular processes, and to further the application of this knowledge to technology and agriculture. Given its scope and format, the book offers a valuable asset for students of Plant Sciences, Agriculture, and Molecular Biology, as well as readers engaged in research on and teaching ROS Biology.
Raman and SERS Investigations of Pharmaceuticals
Exemplifies such interdisciplinary work. Thus, some new derivatives have been prepared by chemists and consecutively analyzed by physicists in order to better understand their physical-chemical properties for future tests to be performed by pharmacists. The book consists of an introductory section and other eight chapters. First, the fundamentals of infrared, Raman and surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy and those of the theoretical methods employed for the vibrational prediction modes are highlighted. The SERS investigations illustrated in the following chapters are focused on different kinds of drugs: tranquilizers and sedatives, anti-inflammatory drugs, vitamins, drugs with anti-bacterial properties, etc.
Radiological Imaging of the Digestive Tract in Infants and Children
This comprehensive, up-to-date and extensively illustrated volume offers a multimodality approach to gastrointestinal imaging in children and infants. The role of each of the currently available imaging techniques is considered carefully, and diagnostic dilemmas are discussed and illustrated. After an initial chapter that addresses pediatric gastrointestinal imaging in the emergency setting, detailed individual chapters are devoted to the esophagus, stomach and duodenum, accessory organs of digestion, small bowel and colon. A closing chapter focuses on pediatric interventional procedures performed with imaging guidance. Against the background of rapid recent advances in imaging technology and the distinctive aspects of gastrointestinal imaging in children and infants, this volume will serve as an essential reference work for all who are engaged in the field.
Radiation effects of advanced electronic devices and circuits
Aims to disclose the basic mechanisms of radiation effects for advanced devices and the breakthrough of new solutions to assess and mitigate radiation sensitivity in advanced devices and integrated circuits. This reprint presents new modeling approaches that predict how radiation impacts electronic devices and circuits. Accurate models are essential for designing devices that can tolerate radiation without significant performance degradation. We also focus on the innovative design and fabrication techniques that enhance the radiation tolerance of integrated circuits. Moreover, some discussions highlight new testing protocols and methodologies that provide more accurate and comprehensive evaluations of radiation hardness, as well as the latest advancements and trends that are of particular interest to researchers and professionals in the radiation effects community.
Radiation Dose from Adult and Pediatric Multidetector Computed Tomography
This book is designed to rectify this situation. The first part of the book provides a comprehensive approach to all the factors that influence the radiation dose and subsequently the risk induced by using MDCT in children and adult patients. In the second part, guidelines are proposed for optimization of the radiation dose in order to obtain an image quality sufficient for appropriate diagnostic performance while restricting the dose delivered. The authors are experts of international standing, selected for their acknowledged scientific contributions. This book will appeal to both general and specialized radiologists, including pediatric radiologists, CT technologists, physicists, manufacturers, and all professionals involved in MDCT.
Radiation and Environmental Safety in North-West Russia : Use of Impact Assessments and Risk Estimation
The objective of this workshop was to examine how scientific research and environmental studies, including the effects and distribution of radiation and radionuclides, can contribute to development of practical standards for protection of the environment and human health. The intention was to s- port operators and regulators involved in radioactive waste management projects in Northwest Russia. The workshop attracted wide participation from relevant Russian and western organizations. International expertise from several related fields went together to produce a thorough understanding of the present status and how to develop the use of overall risk assessments and environmental impact assessments to ensure a sound use of resources when carrying out the tremendous work that must be carried out to clean up the cold war l- acy. Important conclusions and recommendations have been produced and set out in the main report, providing a good basis for further development. Such development should note that safety and environmental performance can be addressed at three levels: a) Compliance-focused; b) Beyond compliance, towards best practice; and c) Continuous improvement.
Quantum Imaging
Quantum Imaging is a newly born branch of quantum optics that investigates the ultimate performance limits of optical imaging allowed by the laws of quantum mechanics. This book contains the most important theoretical and experimental results achieved by the researchers of the Quantum Imaging network, a research programme of the European Community.
Quantum Blockchain : An Emerging Cryptographic Paradigm
While addressing the security challenges and threats in blockchain, this book is also an introduction to quantum cryptography for engineering researchers and students in the realm of information security. Quantum cryptography is the science of exploiting quantum mechanical properties to perform cryptographic tasks. By utilizing unique quantum features of nature, quantum cryptography methods offer everlasting security. This book includes: The key principles of quantum computation that solve the factoring issue. / A discussion of a variety of potential post-quantum public-key encryption and digital signature techniques. / Explanations of quantum blockchain in cybersecurity, healthcare, and Industry 4.0.
Quantitative Measure for Discrete Event Supervisory Control
Summarizes fundamental materials in supervisory decision and control before integrating new method to quantitatively measure performance : • Presents formal theory to support the quantitative approach, thus outlining an effective model for discrete event decision and control of human-engineered complex systems / • Outlines diverse and practical implications for the materials in the commercial and military Command, Control, Computer, Communication, Intelligence, Surveillance, and Reconnaissance (C4ISR) systems / • Illuminates significant mathematical foundations and proofs for reader understanding of quantification processes, while avoiding nonessential mathematical details and applications / • Develops and describes methods that have been successfully classroom-tested in Pennsylvania State University and Louisiana Tech University Compiling some of the leading research in the field, this self-contained volume contains essential techniques and advanced applications for researchers or graduate students in computer engineering, computer science, and applied mathematics. Additionally, the book may be an important resource for students in other disciplines, such as the biological sciences, management sciences, social sciences, and economics.
Quantitative Economics : How sustainable are our economies?
Fuzzy vision, anecdotal evidence, media hype and rhetoric characterise the debate of environment and economy. At the same time the cornucopian concept of sustainable development enjoys undiminished popularity. Hardly any publication or proclamation on the environment can resist summoning the paradigm. "Quantitative Eco-nomics" cuts through the fog of vision and advocacy by comparing and applying new quantitative tools of both environmental and ecological economics. Environmental accounts and empirical analyses provide operational concepts and measures of the sustainability of economic performance and growth. They facilitate rational and compatible environmental and economic policies.
Quantitative Corporate Finance
Guerard and Schwartz cover a wide variety of tools and techniques used to evaluate and manage financial performance, with particular emphasis on the application of regression analysis, time series modeling, the Capital Asset Pricing Model (CAPM), and multi-factor risk models. Moreover, they address such timely topics as optimal capital structure (in the United States and internationally), dividend policy, sales forecasting and pro forma statement analysis, the regulatory environment, mergers and acquisitions, bankruptcy, management-shareholder relations, and the corporation as a social and economic institution. Featuring detailed worked examples and practical problems throughout, the book is designed to serve as a graduate-level text and a practical reference for practitioners, analysts, and regulators.
Quantifying the Agri-Food Supply Chain
Due to globalization and internationalization of agri-food production, the arena of competition and competitive advantage is moving from individual firms operating on spot markets towards supply chains and networks. Therefore, coordination between firms within the chain becomes more important. Topics like costs, efficiency, risk and investment analysis have received little empirical attention within chain and network research. Nonetheless, these performance measures are of vital importance for continuity of individual companies, chains and networks.
Quality of Software Architectures. Models and Architectures ; 4th International Conference on the Quality of Software-Architectures, QoSA 2008, Karlsruhe, Germany, October 14-17, 2008. Proceedings
This book is organized in topical sections on architectural design and architectural decisions, tracing architectural decisions, architecture evaluation, architecture evolution, architecting process and architectural knowledge.
Quality of Software Architectures and Software Quality ; 1st International Conference on the Quality of Software Architectures, QoSA 2005 and Second International Workshop on Software Quality, SOQUA 2005, Erfurt, Germany, September, 20-22, 2005, Proceedings
This book constitutes the joint refereed proceedings of two colocated events: the First International Conference on the Quality of Software Architectures (QoSA 2005) and the Second International Workshop on Software Quality (SOQUA 2005) held in Erfurt, Germany, in September 2005. The 18 revised full papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from 48 submissions. For QoSA 2005 only 12 papers - of the 31 submitted - were accepted for presentation; they are concerned with research and experiences that investigate the influence a specific software architecture has on software quality aspects. The papers are organized in topical sections on software architecture evaluation, formal approaches to model-driven QoS-handling, modelling QoS in software architectures, software architectures applied, architectural design for QoS, and model-driven software reliability estimation. The 6 papers accepted for SOQUA 2005 - from 17 submissions - mainly focus on quality assurance and on software testing. They are organized in topical sections on test case selection, model-based testing, unit testing, and performance testing.
Quality Management and Accreditation in Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapy : The JACIE Guide
Provides a concise yet comprehensive overview on how to build a quality management program for hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) and cellular therapy. The text reviews all the essential steps and elements necessary for establishing a quality management program and achieving accreditation in HSCT and cellular therapy.
Qualitative Theory of Planar Differential Systems
The book deals essentially with systems of polynomial autonomous ordinary differential equations in two real variables. The emphasis is mainly qualitative, although attention is also given to more algebraic aspects as a thorough study of the center/focus problem and recent results on integrability. In the last two chapters the performant software tool P4 is introduced: based on both algebraic manipulation and numerical calculation, this was conceived for the purpose of drawing "Polynomial Planar Phase Portraits" on part of the plane, or on a Poincaré compactification, or even on a Poincaré-Lyapunov compactification of the plane.From the start, differential systems are represented by vector fields enabling, in full strength, a dynamical systems approach. All essential notions, including invariant manifolds, normal forms, desingularization of singularities, index theory and limit cycles, are introduced and the main results are proved for smooth systems with the necessary specifications for analytic and polynomial systems.
Pyomo — Optimization Modeling in Python
Illustrates the different techniques useful for formulating models, this text beautifully elucidates the breadth of modeling capabilities that are supported by Pyomo and its handling of complex real-world applications. In the third edition, much of the material has been reorganized, new examples have been added, and a new chapter has been added describing how modelers can improve the performance of their models. The authors have also modified their recommended method for importing Pyomo. A big change in this edition is the emphasis of concrete models, which provide fewer restrictions on the specification and use of Pyomo models.
Psychrophiles : From Biodiversity to Biotechnology
Of the current studies on extremophiles, approximately 30,000 articles by the year 2007, almost two-thirds have been performed on organisms adapted to outstanding temperatures, but much more attention has been paid to thermophiles than to psychrophiles. However, over the past 10 years, scientific publications on cold-adapted microorganisms have increased by a factor of ten. These microorganisms have evolved a number of strategies to thrive success-fully in cold habitats where they play key roles in nutrient cycling, such as nitrogen fixation, nitrification and denitrification, photosynthesis, sulfur oxidation and reduction, methanogenesis, and transformation of organic compounds. This book is focused on psychrophiles and describes, at the edge of knowledge, representative groups of cold-adapted microorganisms as well as the habitats in which they live and their strategies to cope with the cold.
