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Frontiers in Algorithmics ; 2nd Annual International Workshop, FAW 2008, Changsha, China, June 19-21, 2008, Proceeedings
This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the Second International Frontiers of Algorithmics Workshop, FAW 2008, held in Changsha, China, in June 2008.The 33 revised full papers presented together with the abstracts of 3 invited talks were carefully reviewed and selected from 80 submissions. The papers were selected for 9 special focus tracks in the areas of biomedical informatics, discrete structures, geometric information processing and communication, games and incentive analysis.
Frontiers in Algorithmics ; 1st Annual International Workshop, FAW 2007, Lanzhou, China, August 1-3, 2007, Proceedings
This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the First Annual International Frontiers of Algorithmics Workshop, FAW 2007, held in Lanzhou, China in August 2007. The 33 revised full papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from 141 submissions.
Frontiers in Algorithmics ; 14th International Workshop, FAW 2020, Haikou, China, October 19-21, 2020, Proceedings
This book constitutes the proceedings of the 14th International Workshop on Frontiers in Algorithmics, FAW 2020, held in Haikou, China, in May 2020. The conference was held virtually due to the COVID-19 pandemic. The 12 full papers presented in this volume were carefully reviewed and selected from 15 submissions. The workshop provides a focused forum on current trends of research on algorithms, discrete structures, and their applications, and brings together international experts at the research frontiers in these areas to exchange ideas and to present significant new results. The papers detail graph theory, scheduling and algorithm and complexity.
Free Energy Calculations : Theory and Applications in Chemistry and Biology
This volume sets out to present a coherent and comprehensive account of the concepts that underlie different approaches devised for the determination of free energies. The reader will gain the necessary insight into the theoretical and computational foundations of the subject and will be presented with relevant applications from molecular-level modelling and simulations of chemical and biological systems. Both formally accurate and approximate methods are covered using both classical and quantum mechanical descriptions. A central theme of the book is that the wide variety of free energy calculation techniques available today can be understood as different implementations of a few basic principles.
Fractal Geometry, Complex Dimensions and Zeta Functions : Geometry and Spectra of Fractal Strings
Number theory, spectral geometry, and fractal geometry are interlinked in this in-depth study of the vibrations of fractal strings, that is, one-dimensional drums with fractal boundary. Key Features The Riemann hypothesis is given a natural geometric reformulation in the context of vibrating fractal strings Complex dimensions of a fractal string, defined as the poles of an associated zeta function, are studied in detail, then used to understand the oscillations intrinsic to the corresponding fractal geometries and frequency spectra Explicit formulas are extended to apply to the geometric, spectral, and dynamical zeta functions associated with a fractal Examples of such explicit formulas include a Prime Orbit Theorem with error term for self-similar flows, and a geometric tube formula The method of Diophantine approximation is used to study self-similar strings and flows Analytical and geometric methods are used to obtain new results about the vertical distribution of zeros of number-theoretic and other zeta functions Throughout new results are examined. The final chapter gives a new definition of fractality as the presence of nonreal complex dimensions with positive real parts, and discusses several open problems and extensions.
Finite Model Theory ; 2nd ed.
The book presents the main results of descriptive complexity theory, that is, the connections between axiomatizability of classes of finite structures and their complexity with respect to time and space bounds. The logics that are important in this context include fixed-point logics, transitive closure logics, and also certain infinitary languages; their model theory is studied in full detail. Other topics include DATALOG languages, quantifiers and oracles, 0-1 laws, and optimization and approximation problems. The book is written in such a way that the respective parts on model theory and descriptive complexity theory may be read independently. This second edition is a thoroughly revised and enlarged version of the original text.
Finite Elements in Structural Analysis : Theoretical Concepts and Modeling Procedures in Statics and Dynamics of Structures
Introduces the basic concepts of the finite element method in the static and dynamic analysis of beam, plate, shell and solid structures, discussing how the method works, the characteristics of a finite element approximation and how to avoid the pitfalls of finite element modeling. Presenting the finite element theory as simply as possible, the book allows readers to gain the knowledge required when applying powerful FEA software tools. Further, it describes modeling procedures, especially for reinforced concrete structures, as well as structural dynamics methods, with a particular focus on the seismic analysis of buildings, and explores the modeling of dynamic systems. Featuring numerous illustrative examples, the book allows readers to easily grasp the fundamentals of the finite element theory and to apply the finite element method proficiently.
Finite Elements III : First-Order and Time-Dependent PDEs
Volume III is divided into 28 chapters. The first eight chapters focus on the symmetric positive systems of first-order PDEs called Friedrichs' systems. This part of the book presents a comprehensive and unified treatment of various stabilization techniques from the existing literature. It discusses applications to advection and advection-diffusion equations and various PDEs written in mixed form such as Darcy and Stokes flows and Maxwell's equations. The remainder of Volume III addresses time-dependent problems: parabolic equations (such as the heat equation), evolution equations without coercivity (Stokes flows, Friedrichs' systems), and nonlinear hyperbolic equations (scalar conservation equations, hyperbolic systems). It offers a fresh perspective on the analysis of well-known time-stepping methods. The last five chapters discuss the approximation of hyperbolic equations with finite elements. Here again a new perspective is proposed.
Finite Element Methods for Engineering Sciences : Theoretical Approach and Problem Solving Techniques
This self-tutorial offers a concise yet thorough grounding in the mathematics necessary for successfully applying FEMs to practical problems in science and engineering. The enlarged English-language edition, based on the original French, also contains a chapter on the approximation steps derived from the description of nature with differential equations and then applied to the specific model to be used.
Finite element analysis in geotechnical engineering ; Vol.1 : Theory
Provides the reader with a detailed insight into the use of the finite element method in geotechnical engineering. As specialist knowledge required to perform geotechnical finite element analysis is not normally part of a single engineering degree course, this lucid work will prove invaluable. It brings together essential information presented in a manner understandable to most engineers. Volume 1 presents the theory, assumptions and approximations involved in finite element analysis
Fetus abnormalities relating drug
Drugs use in pregnancy remains a major public health problem. Fetal teratogenicity results from the effect of these substances during fetal development, particularly when used in combination. Approximately 3-5% of live births are complicated by a birth defect each year totaling around 120,000 babies. Additionally, more women taking any kind of medication has more than doubled in the last 30 years. Current evidence suggests that between 65%-94 % of women take at least one prescription drug during pregnancy. Nearly 70% of women are taking a medication in the first trimester during organogenesis. On average, women are taking 3 medications in pregnancy with over 50% of women using four or more. This includes over the counter medications and herbal supplements. During pregnancy, drugs are often required to treat certain disorders.
Extreme Nonlinear Optics : An Introduction
Following the birth of the laser in 1960, the field of "nonlinear optics" rapidly emerged. Today, laser intensities and pulse durations are readily available, for which the concepts and approximations of traditional nonlinear optics no longer apply. In this regime of "extreme nonlinear optics," a large variety of novel and unusual effects arise, for example frequency doubling in inversion symmetric materials or high-harmonic generation in gases, which can lead to attosecond electromagnetic pulses or pulse trains. Other examples of "extreme nonlinear optics" cover diverse areas such as solid-state physics, atomic physics, relativistic free electrons in a vacuum and even the vacuum itself. This book starts with an introduction to the field based primarily on extensions of two famous textbook examples, namely the Lorentz oscillator model and the Drude model. Here the level of sophistication should be accessible to any undergraduate physics student. Many graphical illustrations and examples are given. The following chapters gradually guide the student towards the current "state of the art" and provide a comprehensive overview of the field. Every chapter is accompanied by exercises to deepen the reader's understanding of important topics, with detailed solutions at the end of the book.
Experimental and Efficient Algorithms ; 4th International Workshop, WEA 2005, Santorini Island, Greece, May 10-13, 2005, Proceedings
This proceedings volume contains the accepted papers and invited talks p- sented at the 4th International Workshop of E?cient and Experimental Al- rithms (WEA 2005), that was held May 10–13, on Santorini Island, Greece. The WEA events are intended to be an international forum for research on the design, analysis and especially the experimental implementation, evaluation and engineering of algorithms, as well as on combinatorial optimization and its applications. The?rstthreeworkshopsinthisserieswereheldinRiga(2001),MonteVerita (2003) and Rio de Janeiro (2004). Thisvolumecontains3invitedpapersrelatedtocorrespondingkeynotetalks.
Experimental Algorithms ; 7th International Workshop, WEA 2008 Provincetown, MA, USA, May 30-June 1, 2008 Proceedings
The Workshop on Experimental Algorithms, WEA, is intended to be an international forum for research on the experimental evaluation and engineering of algorithms, as well as in various aspects of computational optimization and its applications. The emphasis of the workshop is the use of experimental me- ods to guide the design, analysis, implementation, and evaluation of algorithms, heuristics, and optimization programs. WEA 2008 was held at the Provincetown Inn, Provincetown, MA, USA, on May 30 – June 1, 2008. This was the seventh workshop of the series.
Experimental Algorithms ; 6th International Workshop, WEA 2007, Rome, Italy, June 6-8, 2007, Proceedings
Fostering and disseminating high quality research results focused on the experimental analysis of algorithms the papers are devoted to the design, analysis, implementation, experimental evaluation, and engineering of efficient algorithms. Among the application areas addressed are most fields applying advanced algorithmic techniques, such as combinatorial optimization, approximation, graph theory, discrete mathematics, data mining, simulation, cryptography and security, scheduling, searching, sorting, string matching, coding, networking, etc.
Experimental Algorithms ; 5th International Workshop, WEA 2006, Cala Galdana, Menorca, Spain, May 24-27, 2006, Proceedings
This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 5th International Workshop on Experimental and Efficient Algorithms, WEA 2006, held in Cala Galdana, Menorca, Spain in May 2006. The 26 revised full papers presented together with 3 invited talks were carefully reviewed and selected from 92 submissions. The book is devoted to the design, analysis, implementation, experimental evaluation, and engineering of efficient algorithms. Among the application areas addressed are most fields applying advanced algorithmic techniques.
Exercise-induced acute renal failure : Acute renal failure with severe loin pain and Patchy renal Ischemia after anaerobic exercise
Acute renal failure induced by rhabdomyolysis after strenuous, prolonged exercise such as marathon running or mountain climbing is a well-known medical phenomenon, but exercise-induced acute renal failure after short-term anaerobic exercise - for instance, short-distance track races - has been recognized only recently. This monograph provides in-depth information on exercise-induced acute renal failure after short-term anaerobic exercise, which causes severe pain in the loin and patchy renal ischemia with no sign of rhabdomyolysis. Half of the patients suffering from this condition experience renal hypouricemia, for which approximately 20% are treated with dialysis. This book includes characteristics of the disease, diagnosis, treatment and prognosis, and corresponding preventive measures. Important information on gene analysis and etiology is also included, creating a valuable resource for nephrologists as well as for emergency physicians and those in the field of sports medicine.
Evolutionary Multi-Criterion Optimization ; 4th International Conference, EMO 2007, Matsushima, Japan, March 5-8, 2007, Proceedings
Multicriterion optimization refers to problems with two or more objectives (normally in conflict with each other) which must be simultaneously satisfied. Evolutionary algorithms have been used for solving multicriterion optimization problems for over two decades, gaining an increasing attention from industry. This book included four keynote speakers: Hirotaka Nakayama on aspiration level methods, Kay Chen Tan on large and computationally intensive real-world MO optimization problems, Carlos Fonseca on decision making, and Gary B. Lamont on design of large-scale network centric systems.
Evolutionary Multi-Criterion Optimization ; 3rd International Conference, EMO 2005, Guanajuato, Mexico, March 9-11, 2005, Proceedings
Constitutes the refereed proceedings of the Third International Conference on Evolutionary Multi-Criterion Optimization, EMO 2005, held in Guanajuato, Mexico, in March 2005.
Evolutionary Computation in Dynamic and Uncertain Environments
This book provides a compilation on the state-of-the-art and recent advances of evolutionary algorithms in dynamic and uncertain environments within a unified framework. The motivation for this book arises from the fact that some degree of uncertainty in characterizing any realistic engineering systems is inevitable. Representative methods for addressing major sources of uncertainties in evolutionary computation, including handle of noisy fitness functions, use of approximate fitness functions, search for robust solutions, and tracking moving optimums, are presented. "Evolutionary Computation in Dynamic and Uncertain Environments" is a valuable reference for scientists, researchers, professionals and students in the field of engineering and science, particularly in the areas of computational intelligence, natural computing and evolutionary computation.
