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Nanotechnology for Smart Concrete
Nanomaterials can markedly improve the mechanical properties of concrete, as well as reduce the porosity and enhance the durability of concrete. The application of nanotechnology in concrete is still in its infancy. However, an ever-growing demand for ultra-high-performance concrete and recurring environmental pollution caused by ordinary Portland cement has encouraged engineers to exploit nanotechnology in the construction industry. Nanotechnology for Smart Concrete discusses the advantages and applications of nanomaterials in the concrete industry, including high-strength performance, microstructural improvement, self-healing, energy storage, and coatings. The book: Analyses the linkage of concrete materials with nanomaterials and nanostructures / Discusses the applications of nanomaterials in the concrete industry, including energy storage in green buildings, anti-corrosive coatings, and inhibiting pathogens and viruses / Covers self-healing concrete / Explores safety considerations, sustainability, and environmental impact of nanoconcrete / Includes an appendix of solved questions
Nanotechnology applied To pharmaceutical technology
Focuses on devising innovative nanopharmaceutical products and solutions to treat such diseases as cancer, infections, eye diseases, and in tackling multi-drug resistance threats. Nanotechnology Applied to Pharmaceutical Technology consists of four sections that include coverage of biosynthesis of nanoparticles, nano-material based formulations and toxicity, and safety issues.
Nanostructured Materials by High-Pressure Severe Plastic Deformation
Recently, it was reported that nanostructured materials processed under high pressure by HPT and ECAP have an extraordinary combination of both high strength and high ductility, which are two desirable, but rarely co-existing properties. These findings indicate that high-pressure is a critical factor that can be employed to process nanostructured materials with superior mechanical, and possibly also physical, properties. It is the objective of this workshop to review our current knowledge, identify issues for future research, and discuss future directions on the processing and properties of nanostructured materials via SPD techniques, with a special emphasis on high-pressure effects.
Nanostructured Coatings
Controlling the performance of structures and components of all sizes and shapes through the use of engineered coatings has long been a key strategy in materials processing and technological design. The ever-increasing sophistication of en- neered coatings and the rapid trend toward producing increasingly smaller devices with greater demands on their fabrication, properties and performance have led to signicant progress in the science and technology of coatings, particularly in the last decade or two. Nanostructured coatings constitute a major area of sci- ti?c exploration and technological pursuit in this development.Nanostructured coatings demand study in a highly interdisciplinary research arena which encompasses: surface and interface science study of defects modern characterization methodologies cutting-edge experimental developments to deposit.
Nanostructured and advanced materials for applications in sensor, optoelectronic and photovoltaic technology ; Proceedings of the NATO Advanced Study Institute on nanostructured and advanced materials for applications in sensors, optoelectronic and photovoltaic technology ; Sozopol, Bulgaria, 6-17 September 2004
Nanotechnology is an emerging scientific field receiving significant worldwide attention. On a nanometer scale, materials or structures may possess new and unique physical properties. Some of these are now known to the scientific community, but there may well be many properties not yet known to us, rendering it as a fascinating area of research and a suitable subject for a NATO ASI. Yet another aspect of the field is the possibility for creating meta-stable phases with unconventional properties and the ultra-miniaturization of current devices, sensors, and machines. Such nanotechnological and related advanced materials have an extremely wide range of potential applications, viz. nanoscale electronics, sensors, optoelectronics, photonics, nano-biological systems, na- medicine, energy storage systems, etc. This is a wide-ranging subject area and therefore requires the formation of multi-disciplinary teams of physicists, chemists, materials scientists, engineers, molecular biologists, pharmacologists, and others to work together on the synthesis and processing of materials and structures, the understanding of their physical properties, the design and fabrication of devices.
Nanoscale Phenomena : Basic Science to Device Applications
Nanotechnology is the result of the continuing technological trend toward device miniaturization and the characterization, manipulation, and fine control of structure and function at diminishing length scales. A large class of nanoscale materials can be stable even though they are far from the lowest-energy thermodynamic state, and many possess novel properties unattainable in bulk. These trends are supported by the increasing sophistication of characterization and fabrication tools such as the scanning tunneling microscope and the transmission electron microscope, which allow the resolution and manipulation of single atoms and molecules.
Nanophytomedicine : An emerging platform for drug delivery
Covers recent advances in experimental and theoretical studies on various properties of nanoparticles derived from plant sources. This book assesses the recent advancements and applications of plant-based nanoparticles and also highlights emerging concepts of biomimetics. Contains 24 chapters encompassing various therapeutic applications of phytochemicals derived from plants, ferns, seaweeds, and so on, mediated through nanotechnology and its allied approaches. A fervent attempt has been made to compile every significant advancement in the field of phytonanomedicine so as to accelerate its momentum in the pharmaceutical sector.
Nanopharmaceuticals ; Vol.1 : Expectations and realities of multifunctional drug delivery systems
Reviews advances in the drug delivery field via nanovehicles or nanocarriers that offer benefits like targeted therapy and serves as a single dose magic bullet for multiple drug delivery with improved drug efficiency at a lower dose, transportation of the drug across physiological barriers as well as reduced drug-related toxicity. The chapters are written by a diverse group of international researchers from industry and academia. The series Expectations and Realities of Multifunctional Drug Delivery Systems examines the fabrication, optimization, biological aspects, regulatory and clinical success of wide range of drug delivery carriers. This series reviews multifunctionality and applications of drug delivery systems, industrial trends, regulatory challenges and in vivo success stories. Throughout the volumes discussions on diverse aspects of drug delivery carriers, such as clinical, engineering, and regulatory, facilitate insight sharing across expertise area and form a link for collaborations between industry-academic scientists and clinical researchers. Expectations and Realities of Multifunctional Drug Delivery Systems connects formulation scientists, regulatory experts, engineers, clinical experts and regulatory stake holders. The wide scope of the book ensures it as a valuable reference resource for researchers in both academia and the pharmaceutical industry who want to learn more about drug delivery systems.
Nanoinformatics
Brings out the state of the art on how informatics-based tools are used and expected to be used in nanomaterials research. There has been great progress in the area in which “big-data” generated by experiments or computations are fully utilized to accelerate discovery of new materials, key factors, and design rules. Data-intensive approaches play indispensable roles in advanced materials characterization. "Materials informatics" is the central paradigm in the new trend. "Nanoinformatics" is its essential subset, which focuses on nanostructures of materials such as surfaces, interfaces, dopants, and point defects, playing a critical role in determining materials properties. There have been significant advances in experimental and computational techniques to characterize individual atoms in nanostructures and to gain quantitative information. The collaboration of researchers in materials science and information science is growing actively and is creating a new trend in materials science and engineering.
Nanoformulations in Human Health: Challenges and Approaches
This book is an amalgamation of knowledge, experience, and expertise in various aspects of nanotechnology, by experts who are proficient in designing novel nanoformulations that are used in the treatment of various challenging and prevalent diseases. It is an exhaustive compilation of the multi-faceted arena of nanoformulations and the healthcare system that caters to the needs of academicians, scholars, researchers, etc. The most important aspect of the book covers various types of nanoformulations and their applications in the treatment of communicable and non-communicable diseases. Each chapter focuses on a particular nanoformulation as well as a disease including the pathophysiology of the disease, the current treatment modalities of diseases, the role of nanoformulation in treatment and other future aspects and directions for further work. Coverage includes neuropathic pain, colon targeting, nose-to-brain drug delivery, cancer, arthritis and tuberculosis.
Nanofillers : Fabrication, characterization and applications of organic nanofillers
Explores the modifying effects of various nanofillers on mechanical and physical properties of polymer nanocomposites. Looking at the four basic aspects of processing, characterization, properties, and applications, it analyzes how their features can allow for innovative multifunction within industry. Covering design, production, and manufacture, this book focuses on meeting end-use requirements and the fabrication of materials. The importance of mindful design and the use of an appropriate synthesis method is the primary lens through which theory and practice are discussed. This volume looks at the various synthesis methods available for organic nanofillers and what characterizes them. Properties including mechanical, thermal, electrical, and tribological are thoroughly examined, along with the various computational techniques used to determine them. With important sustainable properties, nanofillers are essential to meeting the increasing demand for biodegradable and environmentally friendly materials. This book details the role nanofillers have to play in sustainability, alongside economic factors such as efficient manufacturing processes.
Nanocrystals : Synthesis, Properties and Applications
Nanocrystals and Their Mesoscopic Organization is an up-to-date monograph on an important aspect of nanoscience and technology. It opens with an elegant introduction including a brief historical account. Emphasis is then given to diverse synthetic methods, both chemical and physical, in addition to modern hybrid methods. The orientation shifts gradually to properties of nanocrystals that evolve with size; detailed discussions are to be found on mesoscalar assemblies in different dimensions, special cases of core-shell and magic nuclearity nanocrystals. The authors also address applications of nanocrystals, carefully separating out potential applications and those that have already emerged, and cite around 900 references from the literature, most from the last decade. Tables providing information at a glance and schematic diagrams at relevant places, make the monograph appealing to read.
Nanocarrier Technologies : Frontiers of Nanotherapy
Nanobiotechnology is one of the key technologies of the 21st century. It is a combination of nanoscience and biotechnology and covers areas ranging from gene transfer and nanoencapsulation to food technology. Nanocarriers are a leading nanobiotechnology tool with the ability to provide protection, site-specific delivery, enhanced bioavailability and controlled release of pharmaceuticals, genetic material, imaging agents, nutraceuticals and cosmetics to name a few. For this reason, the study of nanocarriers, their properties and applications has attracted a great deal of interest over recent years. Designed as an advanced survey of the field, this book describes the key research parameters of nanocarrier technologies including their preparation methods, evaluation of their safety and efficiency, their interaction with biologicals and their application in biotechnology, drug delivery, gene therapy and food technology areas.
Nano physical pharmaceutics
Nanomedicine is an emerging and rapidly evolving field, which could significantly help in early disease diagnosis, therapeutic improvement, novel therapeutic modality development, and medical expenditure reduction. The challenge remains, however, that the specially designed and carefully synthesized nanomedicines function poorly in animal verification despite great performance in vitro. A deeper understanding of the physicochemical properties of nanomedicine is the key. This book applies physical theories and models to determine the parameters for controlling the physicochemical properties of nanomedicines, including micelles, liposomes, and inorganic nanoparticles. Qualitative and quantitative relationships are established to provide guidance for nanomedicine design, characterization, and analysis. The text also compiles cutting-edge research in nanomedicine from the interdisciplinary team of the Department of Nanomedicine at Naval Medical University, China, which is currently establishing the characteristic discipline called Nano Physical Pharmaceutics. Edited by Wei Li, a prominent nanotechnology researcher, this book will appeal to anyone involved in nanotechnology, medicine, macromolecular science, biology, chemistry, and especially those with an interest in drug delivery or cancer therapy.
N4-Macrocyclic Metal Complexes
The study of nanoparticles is anchored in Colloid Science. Colloid Science as we consider it today was nucleated by Wolfgang Ostwald and initiated by his biological studies. The strong connection between biology and Colloid Science lost attractiveness in the last decades. The revival of this interdisciplinary science is now noted and we hope that a signal will start from the Potsdam conference. "This is an excellent and detailed book of 14 chapters that is timely in its reviews of the electrochemical and electrocatalytic properties of the porphyrinoids and is written by a range of experts in the different fields covered.
Mysteries of the Rectangle : Essays on painting
In Mysteries of the Rectangle, Hustvedt concentrates her narrative gifts on the works of such masters as Francisco Goya, Jan Vermeer, Jean-Baptiste-Siméon Chardin, Gerhard Richter, and Joan Mitchell. Through her own personal experiences, Hustvedt is able to reveal things until now hidden in plain sight: an egglike detail in Vermeer's Woman with a Pearl Necklace and the many hidden self-portraits in Goya's series of drawings, Los Caprichos, as well as in his infamous painting The Third of May. Most importantly, these essays exhibit the passion, thrill, and sheer pleasure of bewilderment a work of art can produce—if you simply take the time to look.
Mysteries of English Grammar : A Guide to complexities of the English Language
Despite a history of hundreds of years of research analysing aspects of English grammar, there are still open problems which continue to baffle language researchers today. Such ‘grammar mysteries’ arise for a number of reasons: because the language is changing; because different speakers of the language adhere to distinct norms and thus introduce and maintain variation in the system; because there are differences between the grammar of spoken and written English.
Myosins : A Superfamily of Molecular Motors
Application of state-of-the-art cellular and molecular biological, structural biological, genetic, biochemical and biophysical techniques has provided and continues to provide critical information regarding the structure–function relationship; and the cellular roles of various myosins in organisms as diverse as protozoa, yeast, plants and higher animals. The association of myosins with diseases including neurological disorders, immu- deficiencies, cardiomyopathies, hearing and vision loss testify to the importance of understanding the biochemical properties and cellular roles of myosins. The 16 chapters in this volume summarize the tremendous progress made in studying members of the myosin superfamily in recent years and offer critical insight into what future research will yield.
My Heavens : The Adventures of a Lonely Stargazer Building an Over-the-Top Observatory
Whether you might want to undertake building an over-the-top dome observatory yourself or not, you are sure to enjoy this informative tale by Gordon Rogers, told with humor and humility, of his torturous but ultimately rewarding experience with building for himself, attached to his own home, a fancy and sophisticated dome observatory, just for the pleasure of sky watching on beautiful nights (of which there are far too few in England!). Read about all the thinking and planning that went into this venture, and the options considered and rejected. Read about the choices and mistakes made along the way. Finally, read and discover the joys of sky watching using state-of-the-art equipment, and share in the author’s frustrations and triumphs as he completed this project of a lifetime.
Mute people aiding application
Communication is an essential tool for human survival. It is a fundamental and effective method of sharing thoughts, needs, feelings, and opinions. However, a large portion of the world's population lacks the ability to communicate with others. Such as the ones suffering from hearing loss, speech disability, or even both. Those disabilities have a significant impact on their lives in terms of work and relationships. The majority of these people are sometimes unable to support themselves financially due to the lack of job opportunities. Given these difficulties, we have decided to develop an application to help them overcome the obstacles they may encounter in their daily lives. After consulting with two deaf and mute people we customized an application that works in two ways. One of which is to translate their sign language in real time by using mobile camera and recognizing hand motion. The other works by converting text-to-voice, and accurately expressing the user’s emotions with the help of the facial emotion recognition.
