Page 10
Page 10
Photorefractive materials and their applications - 2 : Materials
The book gives a comprehensive review of the most important photorefractive materials and discusses the physical properties of organic and inorganic crystals as well as poled polymers. In this volume, photorefractive effects have been investigated at wavelengths covering the UV, visible and near infrared.
Photonic Crystals : Towards Nanoscale Photonic Devices
Just like the periodical crystalline potential in solid state crystals determines their properties for the conduction of electrons, the periodical structuring of photonic crystals leads to envisioning the possibility of achieving a control of the photon flux in dielectric and metallic materials. The use of photonic crystals as cages for storing, filtering or guiding light at the wavelength scale paves the way to the realization of optical and optoelectronic devices with ultimate properties and dimensions. This will contribute towards meeting the demands for greater miniaturization imposed by the processing of an ever increasing number of data.
Photonic Crystals : Towards Nanoscale Photonic Devices
Just like the periodical crystalline potential in solid-state crystals determines their properties for the conduction of electrons, the periodical structuring of photonic crystals leads to envisioning the possibility of achieving a control of the photon flux in dielectric and metallic materials. The use of photonic crystals as a cage for storing, filtering or guiding light at the wavelength scale thus paves the way to the realisation of optical and optoelectronic devices with ultimate properties and dimensions. This should contribute toward meeting the demands for a greater miniaturisation that the processing of an ever increasing number of data requires. Photonic Crystals intends at providing students and researchers from different fields with the theoretical background needed for modelling photonic crystals and their optical properties, while at the same time presenting the large variety of devices, from optics to microwaves, where photonic crystals have found applications. As such, it aims at building bridges between optics, electromagnetism and solid-state physics.
Percolation Theory for Flow in Porous Media
Presents, for the first time, a unified and comprehensive introduction to some of the basic transport properties of porous media, such as electrical and hydraulic conductivity, air permeability and diffusion. The treatment is based on critical path analysis and the scaling of transport properties which are individually described as functions of saturation. At the same time, the book supplies a tutorial on percolation theory for hydrologists, providing them with the tools for solving actual problems. In turn, a separate chapter serves to introduce physicists to some of the language and complications of groundwater hydrology necessary for succesful modelling.
People and Computers XVIII - Design for Life ; Proceedings of HCI 2004
We selected 23 full papers out of 63 submitted, which covered our interaction with computer systems in a variety of types of life situation — including games, tourism and certain types of work — and also covered a variety of stages in our lives, from the young to the elderly. These papers were complemented by others that described more traditional aspects of research in the field of human-computer interaction. In putting together the programme we followed a three-stage process. First each paper was reviewed by at least three reviewers. Then a member of the committee conducted a meta-review. Finally, all sets of reviews were considered by the technical chairs who assembled a programme that was submitted to, and approved by, the full committee. This process was greatly assisted by the use of the Precision Conference Solutions web-based submission system.
Pedagogy and ICT Use : In Schools Around the World Findings from the IEA Sites 2006 Study
What impact is the pedagogical use of ICT making in schools around the world? This book addresses such questions through an analysis of the findings from SITES 2006, an international comparative study of pedagogy and ICT use conducted under the auspices of the International Association for the Evaluation of Educational Achievement (IEA).
Particularly Sensitive Sea Areas : The IMO's Role in Protecting Vulnerable Marine Areas
Designations of large Particularly Sensitive Sea Areas (PSSAs) triggered a controversial debate within the International Maritime Organisation (IMO) concerning the legal basis of PSSAs, the relationship between the IMO’s PSSA guidelines and UNCLOS, as well as the competency of IMO to adopt mandatory protective measures in these areas. As a result, IMO conducted a review process which led to substantially updated guidelines adopted in late 2005. This book provides a detailed analysis of the PSSA guidelines and protective measures available in PSSAs. Emphasis is placed on their legal basis and the implications for coastal states' jurisdiction over vessel-source pollution.
Paperhive = خلية الأبحاث
In the vast expanse of academic exploration, PaperHive emerges as a sophisticated guiding tool tailored to support academic researchers in their scholarly pursuits. Its purpose is to empower researchers through the intricate lookout for relevant literature and assist them in various writing activities. PaperHive, combines the power of Semantic Scholar and cutting-edge AI technologies to seamlessly navigate the realm of literature exploration and provide the most efficient research experience. To ensure maximum accessibility, PaperHive provides both a mobile application and a website, allowing users to seamlessly browse and conduct research on the go. The platform’s recommendation system offers personalized recommendations based on user interests and paper selection, guiding researchers to the most valuable and relevant sources of information.Moreover, the integrated paraphrasing system produces diverse and accurate paraphrases of short paragraphs with a ROUGE-1 score of 49.46 and a BLEU-1 score of 48.64, enabling efficient and effective communication of research findings. PaperHive also offers a visual representation of the research landscape, aiding users in navigating and gaining a comprehensive understanding of related work.
Oxygen isotopes of inorganic phosphate in environmental samples : Purification and analysis
This book distinguished itself from other publications by offering step-by-step instructions on how to extract, purify, provide modifications, and major issues to be encountered during the process. For the δ18OP method to progress, further fundamental research as well as field and laboratory studies need to be conducted for a better understanding of P cycling in the environment.
Business freedoms and fundamental rights in European Union law
The recognition of the freedom to conduct a business as a fundamental right within European Union law has reignited debate as to the proper place of competing economic freedoms and fundamental social rights within the European Union legal order. In particular, the Court of Justice of the European Union has relied on freedom of contract as a component of the freedom to conduct a business in order to undermine the protection of competing employment rights.
Overcoming Insomnia
Nowadays, a high percentage of the population in modern society suffers from various kinds of sleep disturbances, due to the impact of increased physiological and socio-cultural stress factors. One of the most common sleep complaints, which the human being has suffered from since ancient times, is insomnia. Although its literal meaning is a total lack of sleep, in clinical and practical terms insomnia has come to refer to a difficulty in initiating and/or maintaining sleep, or non-restorative, non-refreshing sleep. In a survey conducted in the general population of different countries, the prevalence of insomnia was estimated to be about one third of the adult population.
Outdoor Lighting : Physics, Vision and Perception
This book covers theoretical aspects that are at the basis of lighting installations. It focuses on insight, backgrounds and coherence. There are many fundamental aspects that are essential for understanding why different ways to install and use lighting give different results. A purely pragmatic approach to solving practical lighting problems will lead to pitfalls. But as this book shows, on the basis of fundamental considerations on optics, light sources and vision, causes and effects that tend to be overlooked by lighting engineers and designers can be identified.
Oslo Manual on Select Topics of the Law of Armed Conflict : Rules and Commentary
Provides a valuable restatement of the current law of armed conflict regarding hostilities in a diverse range of contexts: outer space, cyber operations, remote and autonomous weapons, undersea systems and devices, submarine cables, civilians participating in unmanned operations, military objectives by nature, civilian airliners, destruction of property, surrender, search and rescue, humanitarian assistance, cultural property, the natural environment, and more.
Organizing Cross-Functional New Product Development Projects : The Phase-Specific Effects of Organizational Antecedents
Companies are looking for better ways to develop innovative products. In this regard, cross-functional teams (CFTs) are considered to be a key success factor. However, previous research indicates that the use of CFTs does not automatically lead to successful innovation. It appears that the employment of CFTs has to be implemented as systematically as well as other organizational activities. On the basis of a survey conducted with 133 project managers, Tobias Huth presents an empirical analysis of the organizational success drivers of new cross-functional product development projects. The investigated antecedents are distinguished by organic and mechanistic designs as well as boundary spanning activities. New territory is entered by applying a phase-specific perspective. It is shown that certain antecedents (e.g. participative decision-making, top management support) should be permanently employed, while others (e.g. steering committees, central budgets) should be managed dynamically.
Organization Design : The Evolving State-of-the-Art
The Evolving State-of-the-Art outlines the larger role that organizational design is increasingly playing in management theory and practice. The book's chapters review the main theoretical perspectives on organization design, identify important theoretical and practical issues currently facing the field, and suggest ways for valuable research to be conducted in the future. The chapters include sections that describe how the theoretical argument or empirical study specifically informs organization design theory and practice.
Organic Semiconductors in Sensor Applications
Organic semiconductors offer unique characteristics such as tunability of electronic properties via chemical synthesis, compatibility with mechanically flexible substrates, low-cost manufacturing, and facile integration with chemical and biological functionalities. These characteristics have prompted the application of organic semiconductors and their devices in physical, chemical, and biological sensors. This book covers this rapidly emerging field by discussing both optical and electrical sensor concepts. Novel transducers based on organic light-emitting diodes and organic thin-film transistors, as well as systems-on-a-chip architectures are presented. Functionalization techniques to enhance specificity are outlined, and models for the sensor response are described.
Optoelectronic Devices : Advanced Simulation and Analysis
Optoelectronic devices transform electrical signals into optical signals and vice versa by utilizing the sophisticated interaction of electrons and light within micro- and nano-scale semiconductor structures. Advanced software tools for design and analysis of such devices have been developed in recent years. However, the large variety of materials, devices, physical mechanisms, and modeling approaches often makes it difficult to select appropriate theoretical models or software packages. This book presents a review of devices and advanced simulation approaches written by leading researchers and software developers. It is intended for scientists and device engineers in optoelectronics, who are interested in using advanced software tools. Each chapter includes the theoretical background as well as practical simulation results that help to better understand internal device physics. The software packages used in the book are available to the public, on a commercial or noncommercial basis, so that the interested reader is quickly able to perform similar simulations.
Optically Anomalous Crystals
Optically Anomalous Crystals begins with an historical introduction covering the contributions of Brewster, Biot, Mallard, Brauns, Tamman, and many other distinguished crystallographers. From this follows a tutorial in crystal optics.
Optical Nonlinearities in Chalcogenide Glasses and their Applications
This book reviews techniques used to characterize non-linear optical constants of chalcogenide glasses in bulk or thin films, and presents the properties of many chalcogenide systems. Also addressed are suitability of chalcogenide films in all-optical integrated circuits, fabrication of rib as well as ridge waveguides and of fiber gratings.
One-Dimensional Nanostructures
One-dimensional (1D) nanostructures, including nanowires, nanotubes and quantum wires, have been regarded as the most promising building blocks for nanoscale electronic and optoelectronic devices. Worldwide efforts in both the theory and the experimental investigation of growth, characterization and applications of 1D nanostructures have resulted in a mature, multidisciplinary field. In this book, a wealth of state-of-the-art information offers the opportunity to uncover the underlying science from diverse perspectives. Leading researchers elucidate the synthesis and properties of 1D nanostructures for various morphologies and compositions (semiconductor, metal, carbon, etc.) as well as their considerable impact on spintronics, information storage, and the design of field-effect transistors.
