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Wide-Gap Chalcopyrites
Chalcopyrites, in particular those with a wide band gap, are fascinating materials in terms of their technological potential in the next generation of thin-film solar cells and in terms of their basic material properties. They exhibit uniquely low defect formation energies, leading to unusual doping and phase behavior and to extremely benign grain boundaries. This book collects articles on a number of those basic material properties of wide-gap chalcopyrites, comparing them to their low-gap cousins. They explore the doping of the materials, the electronic structure and the transport through interfaces and grain boundaries, the formation of the electric field in a solar cell, the mechanisms and suppression of recombination, the role of inhomogeneities, and the technological role of wide-gap chalcopyrites.
Wideband Amplifiers
This work covers two bases, both performance optimization strategies and a complete introduction to mathematical procedures required for a successful circuit design. It starts from the basics of mathematical procedures and circuit analysis before moving on to the more advanced topics of system optimization and synthesis.
Wide Bandgap Semiconductors : Fundamental Properties and Modern Photonic and Electronic Devices
This book offers a comprehensive overview of the development, current state and future prospects of wide bandgap semiconductor materials and related optoelectronics devices. It includes an overview of recent developments in III-V nitride semiconductors, SiC, diamond, ZnO, II-VI materials and related devices including AIGaN/GaN FET, UV LDs, white light LEDs, and cold electron emitters.With 901 references, 333 figures and 21 tables, this book will serve as a one-stop source of knowledge on wide bandgap semiconductors and related optoelectronics devices.
Ultra-Wideband Short-Pulse Electromagnetics 8
Ultra-Wideband Short-Pulse Electromagnetics 8 is based on the American Electromagnetics 2006 conference held from June 3-7 in Albuquerque, New Mexico. Topical areas covered in this volume include pulse radiation and measurement, scattering theory, target detection and identification, antennas, signal processing, and communications.
Ultrathin magnetic structures IV : Applications of nanomagnetism
The ability to understand and control the unique properties of interfaces has created an entirely new field of magnetism which already has a profound impact in technology and is providing the basis for a revolution in electronics. The last decade has seen dramatic progress in the development of magnetic devices for information technology but also in the basic understanding of the physics of magnetic nanostructures. Volume III describes thin film magnetic properties and methods for characterising thin film structure topics that underpin the present 'spintronics' revolution in which devices are based on combined magnetic materials and semiconductors. The present volume (IV) deals with the fundamentals of spintronics: magnetoelectronic materials, spin injection and detection, micromagnetics and the development of magnetic random access memory based on GMR and tunnel junction devices. Together these books provide readers with a comprehensive account of an exciting and rapidly developing field. The treatment is designed to be accessible both to newcomers and to experts already working in this field who would like to get a better understanding of this very diversified area of research.
Ultrathin magnetic structures III : Fundamentals of nanomagnetism
The ability to understand and control the unique properties of interfaces has created an entirely new field of magnetism which already has a profound impact in technology and is providing the basis for a revolution in electronics. The last decade has seen dramatic progress in the development of magnetic devices for information technology but also in the basic understanding of the physics of magnetic nanostructures. This volume describes thin film magnetic properties and methods for characterising thin film structure topics that underpin the present 'spintronics' revolution in which devices are based on combined magnetic materials and semiconductors. Volume IV deals with the fundamentals of spintronics: magnetoelectronic materials, spin injection and detection, micromagnetics and the development of magnetic random access memory based on GMR and tunnel junction devices. Together these books provide readers with a comprehensive account of an exciting and rapidly developing field. The treatment is designed to be accessible both to newcomers and to experts already working in this field who would like to get a better understanding of this very diversified area of research.
Ultrathin magnetic structures II : Measurement techniques and novel magnetic properties
The ability to understand and control the unique properties of interfaces has created an entirely new field of magnetism, with profound impact in technology and serving as the basis for a revolution in electronics. Our understanding of the physics of magnetic nanostructures has also advanced significantly. This rapid development has generated a need for a comprehensive treatment that can serve as an introduction to the field for those entering it from diverse fields, but which will also serve as a timely overview for those already working in this area. The four-volume work "Ultra-Thin Magnetic Structures" aims to fulfill this dual need. The original two volumes – now available once more – are "An Introduction to the Electronic, Magnetic and Structural Properties" (Vol. I) and "Measurement Techniques and Novel Magnetic Properties" (this volume). Two new volumes, "Fundamentals of Nanomagnetism" and "Applications of Nanomagnetism," extend and complete this comprehensive work by presenting the foundations of spintronics.
Ultrahigh-Speed Optical Transmission Technology
Ultrahigh-speed optical transmission technology is a key technology for increasing the communication capacity. In optical fibre networks, the number of wavelength channels and the bit rate per wavelength channel. The devices developed for ultrahigh-speed optical transmission are not limited to communication applications only. They are key devices for high-speed optical signal processing, i.e. monitoring, measurement and control. All these aspects of ultrahigh-speed optical transmission technology are described in detail in this book.
Ultra Low Power Capacitive Sensor Interfaces
Starts with an overview on the most important design aspects for autonomous sensor systems. The different building blocks are discussed and the modular architecture for the generic sensor interface chip is presented. Furthermore, the design of the analog components, such as capacitance-to-voltage converters, switched capacitor amplifier, Sigma Delta modulator, oscillators and reference circuits, is described in more detail. Finally, the generic sensor interface chip is applied in several state-of-the-art pressure sensor and accelerometer applications. Ultra Low Power Capacitive Sensor Interfaces is essential reading for anybody with an academic or professional interest in semiconductor design.
Trend and Applications of Mathematics to Mechanics ; STAMM 2002
The book collects a selection of papers most of which are revised and enriched versions of the contributions presented at the 12th Symposium on Trends of Applications of Mathematics to Mechanics (STAMM) which was sponsored by the International Society for the Interaction between Mathematics and Mechanics (ISIMM) and held in Maiori (Salerno), Italy from September 29th to October 4th, 2002. The Symposium attracted many leading researchers from around the world who are working at the interface between Mathematics and Mechanics. The importance of a close link between these two disciplines have long been recognized and each of them get benefits and stimuli by open problems, methods and results emerging from the other one. The book collects 22 papers which contribute special investigations and more wide presentations of linear and nonlinear problems.
Transport Phenomena and Kinetic Theory : Applications to Gases, Semiconductors, Photons, and Biological Systems
The study of kinetic equations related to gases, semiconductors, photons, traffic flow, and other systems has developed rapidly in recent years because of its role as a mathematical tool in many applications in areas such as engineering, meteorology, biology, chemistry, materials science, nanotechnology, and pharmacy. Written by leading specialists in their respective fields, this book presents an overview of recent developments in the field of mathematical kinetic theory with a focus on modeling complex systems, emphasizing both mathematical properties and their physical meaning.
Transparent Conductive Zinc Oxide : Basics and Applications in Thin Film Solar Cells
Zinc oxide (ZnO) belongs to the class of transparent conducting oxides which can be used as transparent electrodes in electronic devices or heated windows. In this book the material properties of, the deposition technologies for, and applications of zinc oxide in thin film solar cells are described in a comprehensive manner. Structural, morphological, optical and electronic properties of ZnO are treated in this review. The editors and authors of this book are specialists in deposition, analysis and fabrication of thin-film solar cells and especially of ZnO. This book is intended as an overview and a data collection for students, engineers and scientist.
Transistor Level Modeling for Analog
The editors and authors present a wealth of knowledge regarding the most relevant aspects in the field of MOS transistor modeling.
Time Domain Methods in Electrodynamics : A Tribute to Wolfgang J. R. Hoefer
This book consists of contributions given in honor of Wolfgang J.R. Hoefer. The contributions represent the state of the art in dealing with time domain methods in modern engineering electrodynamics for electromagnetic modeling in general, the Transmission Line Matrix (TLM) method, the application of network concepts to electromagnetic field modeling, circuit and system applications and, finally , with broadband devices, systems and measurement techniques.
Three-Phase Diode Rectifiers with Low Harmonics : Current Injection Methods
In this book, principles of the current injection are discussed first. This discussion is followed by an analysis of various magnetic current injection devices. The third harmonic current injection is discussed next, and several current injection networks are analyzed. The optimal current injection is the topic that follows, and the requirements imposed to the current injection network in order to provide the optimal current injection are derived. Several current injection networks that provide the optimal current injection are proposed, and some parasitic effects are discussed. Recovery of the power taken by the current injection networks is analyzed, and two types of passive resistance emulators are analyzed in detail, the current-loaded resistance emulator, and the voltage-loaded resistance emulator. Avoiding the inductor of the current injection network results in mutipulse operation of the current injection based rectifiers with passive resistance emulators, which is discussed next.
Thin films and heterostructures for oxide electronics
"this book intends to serve as a significant and insightful source of valuable information pertaining to the ongoing scientific debates, current state of understanding and future directions. As such, it should be very useful to university students, post docs, professors and research scientists in industries and national laboratories." With the ever-shrinking dimensions and ever-increasing speeds of conventional semiconductor-based micro and opto-electronic devices, scientific limitations are beginning to be felt by the technology sector in keeping pace with the newer device demands of the modern times. Novel approaches involving new materials such as functional oxides are being explored to tackle this problem. This research is already beginning to pave way for the next generation device concepts and configurations for advanced oxide electronics, encompassing magneto-optics and spintronics. Thin Film Heterostructures for Oxide Electronic presents comprehensive chapters written by active researchers in the field of oxide films and heterostructures. These chapters capture the excitement of this emerging frontier of immense scientific and technological interest. They highlight the materials, physics, device and even key fabrication issues. Many interesting material systems such as magnetic, ferroelectric and superconducting oxides, wide band-gap semiconducting oxides and high- dielectric oxides are discussed.
Theory of Quantum Transport in Metallic and Hybrid Nanostructures
A new science emerges at the intersection of modern physics, computer s- ence,andmaterialscience. Thestruggletofurtherminiaturizeisputtingna- technology to the verge of creating single-electron and/or single-spin devices that operate by moving a single electron (spin) and can serve as transistors, memory cells, and for logic gates. These devices take advantage of quantum physics that dominates nanometer size scales. The devices that utilize met- based hybrid nanostructures may possess signi?cant advantages over those exploiting purely semiconducting materials. First, the chemistry of metals is typically simpler than that of semiconductors. Second, the electric properties of metals are much less sensitive to the structural defects and impurities than those of semiconductors. Next, metallic devices allow better electric and th- mal contacts. Another important plus point is that in metals the electron de Broigle wavelength is smaller by many orders of magnitude as compared to that in semiconductor
Theory of Defects in Semiconductors
Semiconductor science and technology is the art of defect engineering. The theoretical modeling of defects has improved dramatically over the past decade. These tools are now applied to a wide range of materials issues: quantum dots, buckyballs, spintronics, interfaces, amorphous systems, and many others. This volume presents a coherent and detailed description of the field.
The Supercontinuum Laser Source : Fundamentals with Updated References
This book covers the fundamental principles and surveys research of current thinkers and experts in the field with updated references of the key breakthroughs over the past decade and a half. The application of SC are time-resolved pump-SC probe absorption and excitation spectroscopy for chemistry, biology and physics fundamental processes; optical coherence tomography; ultrashort pulse generation in femtosecond and attosecond regions; frequency clocks; phase stabilization; optical communication; atmospheric science; lightning control; optical medical imaging; biological cell imaging; and metrology standards.
The Physics of Semiconductors : An Introduction Including Devices and Nanophysics
The Physics of Semiconductors provides material for a comprehensive upper-level-undergrauate and graduate course on the subject, guiding readers to the point where they can choose a special topic and begin supervised research. The textbook provides a balance between essential aspects of solid-state and semiconductor physics, on the one hand, and the principles of various semiconductor devices and their applications in electronic and photonic devices, on the other. It highlights many practical aspects of semiconductors such as alloys, strain, heterostructures, nanostructures, that are necessary in modern semiconductor research but typically omitted in textbooks. For the interested reader some additional advanced topics are included, such as Bragg mirrors, resonators, polarized and magnetic semiconductors are included. Also supplied are explicit formulas for many results, to support better understanding. The Physics of Semiconductors requires little or no prior knowledge of solid-state physics and evolved from a highy regarded two-semester course at the University of Leipzig.
