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Neutron Stars 1 : Equation of State and Structure
The book gives an extended review of theoretical and observational aspects of neutron star physics. With masses comparable to that of the Sun and radii of about ten kilometres, neutron stars are the densest stars in the Universe. This book describes all layers of neutron stars, from the surface to the core, with the emphasis on their structure and equation of state.
Modeling and computations in electromagnetics ; A volume dedicated to Jean-Claude Nédélec
Modeling and computations in electromagnetics is a quite novel and growing discipline, expanding as a result of the steadily increasing demand for designing electrical devices, modeling electromagnetic materials, and simulating electromagnetic fields in nanoscale structures. The aim of this volume is to bring together prominent worldwide experts to review state-of-the-art developments and future trends of modeling and computations in electromagnetics. This volume is devoted to merging the expertise of scientists working in this dynamic discipline, and to raising interest for challenging issues. The most significant advances in computational techniques have been made only in the last few years, and several challenging technological applications are presented in this volume.
Intermediate Physics for Medicine and Biology
Intended this wide-ranging text bridges the gap between introductory physics and its application to the life and biomedical sciences. This extensively revised and updated fourth edition reflects new developments at the burgeoning interface between physics and biomedicine.
Intelligent Computer Techniques in Applied Electromagnetics
This book contains selected papers presented at the International Symposium on Electromagnetic Fields in Mechatronics, Electrical and Electronic Engineering ISEF'07 which was held in Prague, Czech Republic, September 13-15, 2007.
Electronic engineering for neuromedicine
Advances in electronics have revolutionized diagnostic tools and created mobile medicine, touch-sensitive prosthetics, remote surgery, and artificial organs such as hearts, retinas, and bionic skins. This reference text shows the number of ways in which electronic engineering feeds into neuromedicine namely: the modelling and simulation of the brain, providing access to the brain, analysis of the signals and activities of the brain and influencing the function of the brain for therapeutic purposes. The areas of electronic engineering considered are electronic circuits, spectral analysis, filtering of signals, electromagnetic fields and wave propagation. The book is a valuable source to medical students and practitioners as well as electronic engineering and physics students and graduates.
Electromagnetics in Biology
In this book, the authors intended to focus their effort on describing (1) biological responses of human and animals, both in vivo and in vitro methodologies, to magnetic and/or electromagnetic field exposure, (2) characteristics of effective fields, (3) hypotheses to explain possible mechanisms of interaction between the fields and cells, and (4) induced current in ELF and induced heat in RF fields as key interaction mechanisms. The readers can have the present-day comprehensive knowledge about biological responses to electromagnetic field exposure.
Electromagnetic Theory for Microwaves and Optoelectronics
This book is a first year graduate text on electromagnetic fields and waves. At the same time it serves as a useful reference for researchers and engineers in the areas of microwaves and optoelectronics. Following the presentation of the physical and mathematical foundations of electromagnetic theory, the book discusses the field analysis of electromagnetic waves confined in material boundaries, or so-called guided waves, electromagnetic waves in the dispersive media and anisotropic media, Gaussian beams and scalar diffraction theory. The theories and methods presented in the book are foundations of wireless engineering, microwave and millimeter wave techniques, optoelectronics and optical fiber communication.
Electromagnetic Aquametry : Electromagnetic wave interaction with water and moist substances
This book covers all aspects of Electromagnetic Aquametry. It summarizes the wide area of metrology and its applications in electromagnetic sensing of moist materials. The physical properties of water in various degrees of binding interacting with electromagnetic fields is presented by model systems. The book describes measurement methods and sensors in the frequency domain, TDR-techniques for environmental problems, methods and sensors for quality assessment of biological substances, and nuclear magnetic resonance techniques
Earth Observation with CHAMP : Results from Three Years in Orbit
In the summer of 2000 the German geo-research satellite CHAMP was launched into orbit. Its innovative payload arrangement and the low initial orbit allow CHAMP to simultaneously collect and almost continuously analyse precise data relating to gravity and magnetic fields at low altitude. In addition, CHAMP also measures the neutral atmosphere and ionosphere using GPS techniques. Three years after launch, more than 200 CHAMP investigators and co-investigators from all over the world met at the GeoForschungsZentrum in Potsdam to present and discuss the results derived from the extensive data sets of the mission. The main outcome of this expert meeting is summarized in this volume. The book offers a comprehensive insight into the present status of the exploitation of CHAMP data for Earth system research and practical applications in geodesy, geophysics and meteorology.
Discontinuous Finite Elements in Fluid Dynamics and Heat Transfer
Discontinuous Finite Elements in Fluid Dynamics and Heat Transfer offers its readers a systematic and practical introduction to the discontinuous finite element method. It moves from a brief review of the fundamental laws and equations governing thermal and fluid systems, through a discussion of different approaches to the formulation of discontinuous finite element solutions for boundary and initial value problems, to their applicaton in a variety of thermal-system and fluid-related problems, including: heat conduction problems / convection-dominant problems / computational compressible flows / external radiation problems / internal radiation and radiative transfer / free- and moving-boundary problems / micro- and nanoscale heat transfer and fluid flow / thermal fluid flow under the influence of applied magnetic fields.
Cosmic Magnetic Fields
While magnetic fields permeate the universe on all scales, the present book is dedicated to their investigation on the largest scales and affords a balanced account of both theoretical and observational aspects. Written as a set of advanced lectures and tutorial reviews, which lead up to the forefront of research, this book offers both a modern source of reference for the experienced researchers as well as a high-level introductory text for postgraduate students and nonspecialist researchers working in related areas.
Computer Engineering in Applied Electromagnetism
Computer Engineering in Applied Electromagnetism contains papers which were presented at the International Symposium on Electromagnetic Fields in Electrical Engineering, held in Maribor, Slovenia, 18-20 September 2003. It consists of three parts, Computational Techniques, Electromagnetic Engineering, and Special Applications. The contributions selected for the book cover a wide spectrum of theory and practice, being simultaneously of high theoretical level and deeply rooted in engineering problems. Thus, this volume touches on what is of key importance in electromagnetism.
Computational Electromagnetics
Computational Electromagnetics is a young and growing discipline, expanding as a result of the steadily increasing demand for software for the design and analysis of electrical devices. This book introduces three of the most popular numerical methods for simulating electromagnetic fields: the finite difference method, the finite element method and the method of moments. In particular it focuses on how these methods are used to obtain valid approximations to the solutions of Maxwell's equations, using, for example, "staggered grids" and "edge elements." The main goal of the book is to make the reader aware of different sources of errors in numerical computations, and also to provide the tools for assessing the accuracy of numerical methods and their solutions. To reach this goal, convergence analysis, extrapolation, von Neumann stability analysis, and dispersion analysis are introduced and used frequently throughout the book. Another major goal of the book is to provide students with enough practical understanding of the methods so they are able to write simple programs on their own. To achieve this, the book contains several MATLAB programs and detailed description of practical issues such as assembly of finite element matrices and handling of unstructured meshes.
Magneto-Science : Magnetic Field Effects on Materials: Fundamentals and Applications
It is a dream of chemists and physicists to use magnetism, an important physical property of many materials, to control chemical and physical processes. With new manufacturing technologies for superconducting magnets, it has become possible to produce strong magnetic fields of 10 Tesla or more for applications in chemistry and physics. New magnetic phenomena, useful for processing functional molecules with improved quality, have been discovered recently. They open up exciting possibilities for studying and applying magnetic field effects in the chemical and physical processes of diamagnetic, paramagnetic and ferromagnetic materials. This volume will serve as a useful reference for specialists and non-specialists interested in this exciting new area of megneto-science.
Magnetohydrodynamics : Historical Evolution and Trends
Magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) studies the interaction between the flow of an electrically conducting fluid and magnetic fields. It involves such diverse topics as the evolution and dynamics of astrophysical objects, thermonuclear fusion, metallurgy and semiconductor crystal growth, etc. Although the first ideas in magnetohydrodynamics appeared at the beginning of the last century, the "explosion" in theoretical and experimental studies occurred in the 1950s-60s. This state-of-the-art book aims at revising the evolution of ideas in various branches of magnetohydrodynamics (astrophysics, earth and solar dynamos, plasmas, MHD turbulence and liquid metals) and reviews current trends and challenges.
Magneto-Fluid Dynamics : Fundamentals and Case Studies of Natural Phenomena
Concerns the generation of electric currents and of electric space charges inside conducting media that move in magnetic fields. The authors postulate nothing but the Maxwell equations. They discuss at length the disk dynamo, which serves as a model for the natural self-excited dynamos that generate magnetic fields such as that of sunspots. There are 36 Examples and 13 Case Studies. The Case Studies concern solar phenomena -- magnetic elements, sunspots, spicules, coronal loops -- and the Earth's magnetic field.
Classical Electromagnetic Theory
This book stresses the unity of electromagnetic theory with electric and magnetic fields developed in parallel. SI units are used throughout and considerable use is made of tensor notation and the Levi-Cevita symbol. To more closely display the parallelism, extensive use is made of the scalar magnetic potential particularly in dealing with the Laplace and Poisson equation. 85 worked problems illustrate the theory. Conformal mappings are dealt with in some detail. Relevant mathematical material is provided in appendices.
Chromosomal alterations : Methods, results and importance in human health
Cytogenetics is a very important research tool in basic and applied research. The uses of cytogenetics in human-population monitoring, in biological dosimetry in radiation accidents and in astronauts and as a predictive measure of cancer are topics discussed in this book. The book will help the reader to better understand cytogenetics and the intricacies of the methodology. The different methods of fluorescence in situ hybridization are discussed and the results achieved are presented. The book provides a comprehensive review of basic and applied aspects of cytogenetics and therefore will be of interest to all who are interested in chromosomes and their alterations by different types of mutagens, including chemical mutagens and ionizing and nonionizing radiation, with special reference to electromagnetic fields.
Charged Particle Traps : Physics and Techniques of Charged Particle Field Confinement
This book provides an introduction and guide to modern advances in charged particle (and antiparticle) confinement by electromagnetic fields. Confinement in different trap geometries, the influence of trap imperfections, classical and quantum mechanical description of the trapped particle motion, different methods of ion cooling to low temperatures, and non-neutral plasma properties (including Coulomb crystals) are the main subjects. They form the basis of such applications of charged particle traps as high-resolution optical and microwave spectroscopy, mass spectrometry, atomic clocks, and, potentially, quantum computing.
Ceramic materials : Science and engineering
Ceramic Materials: Science and Engineering is an up-to-date treatment of ceramic science, engineering, and applications in a single, integrated text. Building on a foundation of crystal structures, phase equilibria, defects and the mechanical properties of ceramic materials, students are shown how these materials are processed for a broad diversity of applications in today's society. Concepts such as how and why ions move, how ceramics interact with light and magnetic fields, and how they respond to temperature changes are discussed in the context of their applications. References to the art and history of ceramics are included throughout the text. The text concludes with discussions of ceramics in biology and medicine, ceramics as gemstones and the role of ceramics in the interplay between industry and the environment. The text is extensively illustrated and includes references and questions for the student.
