Vertical Resorption Following Posterior Mandibular Alveolar Reconstruction through Bone Splitting and Applying Grafts from Chin and Ramus
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Author |
Nesreen Khankan; Haitham Bahah and Shareef Barakat |
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Published in |
Al-Baath Magazine of Human Sciences, Volume 39, Issue 17, 2017 |
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Abstract |
Background and Purpose: Available alveolar bone after post extraction bone healing has great influence on dental implant treatment. When alveolar bone is subjected to resorptions that prevent implant placement in the proper size, position and angulation, bone reconstruction is needed. Local bone graft harvested from intraoral donor sites is a suitable treatment option for increasing alveolar dimension and the most common used donor sites are ramus and symphysis. Our present study aimed at evaluating vertical resorption following ramus and chin grafts applied in the split space after sixmonth implant delay. Materials and Methods: A prospective study has been conducted on 25 patients who underwent 28 posterior mandibular alveolar splitting and bone harvesting of two donor groups divided equally into 14 chin grafts and 14 ramus grafts. Six-month period was waited before implant insertion. Vertical resorptions after alveolar splitting and applying chin and ramus grafts were assessed on radiographical images before surgery and after six months. Results: All grafts incorporated well in the recipient site except one, which was of the symphysis graft group. Although it failed to incorporate, the split space remained stable. The failed graft was removed with the surrounding soft tissues and the wound was closed again to heal. After six month period was over, dental implant was inserted as the rest of the cases. Analysis of the data revealed a significant decrease in alveolar height following application of both graft types in the split space (mean reduction rate of 15.1% in chin group versus 14.4% in ramus group). Graft type was found to have no influence on vertical bone resorption amount after six months of surgery. Conclusion: Reconstructed posterior mandibular alveoli using alveolar splitting technique with bone grafting associated with sixmonth implant delay undergoes substantial resorptions in the vertical dimension either the graft was from the chin or ramus. Key words: Vertical resorption, chin graft, mandibular symphysis, ramus graft, alveolar posterior mandibular horizontal ridge augmentation, ridge splitting |
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