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Wave Propagation and Time Reversal in Randomly Layered Media
Wave propagation in random media is an interdisciplinary field that has emerged from the need in physics and engineering to model and analyze wave energy transport in complex environments.This book gives a systematic and self-contained presentation of wave propagation in randomly layered media using the asymptotic theory of ordinary differential equations with random coefficients.
Vortices and Turbulence at Very Low Temperatures
Recent investigations have highlighted the similarities between turbulence in cryogenic fluids at temperatures close to absolute zero, in particular superfluid helium, and turbulence in ordinary fluids. This book contains lectures on various theoretical and experimental aspects of the problem given by experts at the advanced school “Vortices and Turbulence at Low Temperatures” held at CISM, Udine, in the summer of 2007. The lectures provide an introduction into this rapidly expanding area of research.
Variational Methods in Shape Optimization Problems
The study of shape optimization problems encompasses a wide spectrum of academic research with numerous applications to the real world. In this work these problems are treated from both the classical and modern perspectives and target a broad audience of graduate students in pure and applied mathematics, as well as engineers requiring a solid mathematical basis for the solution of practical problems.
Understanding Willing Participants, Vol.2 : Milgram’s Obedience Experiments and the Holocaust
This volume one of this two-volume set introduces readers to a behind the scenes account showing how during Milgram’s unpublished pilot studies he step-by-step invented his official experimental procedure—how he gradually learnt to transform most ordinary people into willing inflictors of harm. The open access volume two then illustrates how certain innovators within the Nazi regime used the very same Milgram-like learning techniques that with increasing effectiveness gradually enabled them to also transform most ordinary people into increasingly capable executioners of other men, women, and children.
Two Algebraic Byways from Differential Equations : Gröbner Bases and Quivers
Presents a fascinating collection of lecture notes focusing on differential equations from two viewpoints: formal calculus (through the theory of Gröbner bases) and geometry (via quiver theory). Gröbner bases serve as effective models for computation in algebras of various types.Divided into two parts, the book first discusses the theory of Gröbner bases in their commutative and noncommutative contexts, with a focus on algorithmic aspects and applications of Gröbner bases to analysis on systems of partial differential equations, effective analysis on rings of differential operators, and homological algebra. It then introduces representations of quivers, quiver varieties and their applications to the moduli spaces of meromorphic connections on the complex projective line.
Transport Equations and Multi-D Hyperbolic Conservation Laws
The theory of nonlinear hyperbolic equations in several space dimensions has recently obtained remarkable achievements thanks to ideas and techniques related to the structure and fine properties of functions of bounded variation. This volume provides an up-to-date overview of the status and perspectives of two areas of research in PDEs, related to hyperbolic conservation laws. Geometric and measure theoretic tools play a key role to obtain some fundamental advances: the well-posedness theory of linear transport equations with irregular coefficients, and the study of the BV-like structure of bounded entropy solutions to multi-dimensional scalar conservation laws.
Traité des infections et pathologies génitales à papillomavirus = Treated on genital papillomavirus infections and pathologies
The impact of papillomavirus (HPV) infection is considerable. More than one in two women has been exposed to HPV in her lifetime and about 10% will develop a chronic infection. Of these, 20% will develop cervical cancer in the absence (or failure) of screening. Optimization of screening and better management are now possible through the use of innovative techniques such as smear in liquid suspension and HPV testing. Because cervical cancer is the ultimate consequence of chronic HPV infection, we now have the extraordinary chance to prevent it with a prophylactic vaccine intended to protect women from the associated precancerous and cancerous HPV lesions, as well as condylomata acuminata. This resolutely practical and educational collective work takes stock of knowledge on HPV infection and its associated pathologies while deciphering the new issues and practices in the vaccine era.
Towards Affordance-Based Robot Control ; International Seminar, Dagstuhl Castle, Germany, June 5-9, 2006. Revised Papers
Today’s mobile robot perception is insufficient for acting goal-directedly in unconstrained, dynamic everyday environments like a home, a factory, or a city. Subject to restrictions in bandwidth, computer power, and computation time, a robot has to react to a wealth of dynamically changing stimuli in such environments, requiring rapid, selective attention to decisive, action-relevant information of high current utility. Robust and general engineering methods for effectively and efficiently coupling perception, action and reasoning are unavailable. Interesting performance, if any, is currently only achieved by sophisticated robot programming exploiting domain features and specialties, which leaves ordinary users no chance of changing how the robot acts.
The Strength of Nonstandard Analysis
This book reflects the progress made in the forty years since the appearance of Robinson’s revolutionary book Nonstandard Analysis: in the foundations of mathematics and logic, number theory, statistics and probability, in ordinary, partial and stochastic differential equations and in education. The contributions are clear and essentially self-contained.
The Riemann Hypothesis : A Resource for the Afficionado and Virtuoso Alike
The Riemann Hypothesis has become the Holy Grail of mathematics in the century and a half since 1859 when Bernhard Riemann, one of the extraordinary mathematical talents of the 19th century, originally posed the problem. While the problem is notoriously difficult, and complicated even to state carefully, it can be loosely formulated as "the number of integers with an even number of prime factors is the same as the number of integers with an odd number of prime factors."
The Places Where Community Is Practiced : How Store Owners and Their Businesses Build Neighborhood Social Life
In this book the social cohesion of urban neighborhoods and their residents is examined, which is often viewed as vulnerable since increased mobility, individualization, wider socio-economic and demographic changes have fundamentally altered the basis for everyday social interaction in urban neighborhoods. Anna Steigemann gives scholarly attention to the concrete places where neighborly interactions still take place and to how these interactions affect local community building. She illuminates and explores the ordinary everyday interactions and social practices in and around shops and gastronomic facilities on a shopping street in Berlin-Neukölln, revealing how these businesses are important places where community is practiced, but also why they are increasingly threatened by commercial and residential gentrification.
The Painlevé Handbook
This book introduces the reader to methods allowing one to build explicit solutions to these equations. A prerequisite task is to investigate whether the chances of success are high or low, and this can be achieved without any a priori knowledge of the solutions, with a powerful algorithm presented in detail called the Painlevé test. If the equation under study passes the Painlevé test, the equation is presumed integrable. If on the contrary the test fails, the system is nonintegrable or even chaotic, but it may still be possible to find solutions.
The Monodromy Group
In singularity theory and algebraic geometry, the monodromy group is embodied in the Picard-Lefschetz formula and the Picard-Fuchs equations. There is a deep connection of monodromy theory with Galois theory of differential equations and algebraic functions.
The Maximum Principle
Maximum principles are bedrock results in the theory of second order elliptic equations. This principle, simple enough in essence, lends itself to a quite remarkable number of subtle uses when combined appropriately with other notions. Intended for a wide audience, the book provides a clear and comprehensive explanation of the various maximum principles available in elliptic theory, from their beginning for linear equations to recent work on nonlinear and singular equations.
The Mathematica GuideBook for Numerics
Mathematica is today's most advanced technical computing system, featuring a rich programming environment, two-and three-dimensional graphics capabilities and hundreds of sophisticated, powerful programming and mathematical functions using state-of-the-art algorithms. Combined with a user-friendly interface and a complete mathematical typesetting system, Mathematica offers an intuitive, easy-to-handle environment of great power and utility.The available types of arithmetic (machine, high-precision, and interval) are introduced, discussed, and put to use. Fundamental numerical operations, such as compiling programs, fast Fourier transforms, minimization, numerical solution of equations, ordinary/partial differential equations are analyzed in detail and are applied to a large number of examples in the main text and solutions to the exercises.
The Kaiser's Mosques : Islamic Architecture and Orientalizing Style in Habsburg Bosnia, 1878–1918
Highlights an understudied experiment at the intersection of 19th-century European and Islamic architectural histories. It draws attention to a body of buildings designed by architects trained in Central Europe for use by Muslims in Habsburg ruled Bosnia-Herzegovina (1878-1918). They include mosques, madrasas, and other buildings corresponding to a traditional Islamic formal and functional typology. The composition and decoration, however, is the product of 19th-century European His toricist conduct. It became a prominent style for town halls and private residences; on occasion, it was also used for railway stations, schools, or hotels. The spread and concentration of buildings in this style in Bosnia is extraordinary. This monography not only fills a gap in an art history that has long turned a blind eye to Europe’s Southeast but also contributes to our understanding of European powers’ historical responses to the challenge of cultural diversity in territories under their control.
The Handbook of Environmental Voluntary Agreements : Design, Implementation and Evaluation Issues
Represent a “third wave” of regulation in the environmental field. “Command and control” was the first wave. Its core is based on uniform emission standards, the respect of which needs to be enforced through extensive monitoring and severe sanctions. The expected cost of sanction for non-compliance, calculated as its amount multiplied for the probability to be caught, must be superior to the benefits of non-compliance, in order to let the sanction be effective. As the benefits of non-compliance can vary among firms, sanctions need to be very high in order to be effective. In fact sanctions are ordinary correlated to environmental damage and not to the benefits of non-compliance. But very high sanctions can be difficult to enforce as they appear unfair and can lead to dramatic consequences on firms and workers, up to shut-downs of plants. Ambient standards reduce these problems, but oblige the regulator to know a huge amount of information, regarding the specific contribution of each polluter to the polluted body. Information is difficult to obtain because of asymmetric information and costly to produce because it requires large and skilled regulating and enforcing organizations. Nevertheless complex regulation is the base of any environmental policy framework, as it allows the policy maker to fully exercise its power of composition of various interests in a relatively transparent way. Economic instruments were the second wave.
The Glutamate Receptors
Glutamate receptors are critically important for normal brain function. The preceding decade has seen remarkable advances in our understanding of the physiological function and molecular structure of these proteins. The Glutamate Receptors provides an expansive review of the field with a topical update to two excellent books - The Ionotropic Glutamate Receptors and The Metabotropic Glutamate Receptors. An exciting primer to the study of glutamate receptors and their central role in neurotransmission, The Glutamate Receptors covers the extraordinary research and significant developments in the decade since the previous books were published and gives a snapshot of how prominent scientists look to the future of research in the field. Both insightful and comprehensive, The Glutamate Receptors provides an invaluable reference to students and scientists on nearly every aspect of glutamate receptor structure and function.
The Everyday Life of an Algorithm
This book begins with an algorithm–a set of IF…THEN rules used in the development of a new, ethical, video surveillance architecture for transport hubs. Readers are invited to follow the algorithm over three years, charting its everyday life. Questions of ethics, transparency, accountability and market value must be grasped by the algorithm in a series of ever more demanding forms of experimentation. Here the algorithm must prove its ability to get a grip on everyday life if it is to become an ordinary feature of the settings where it is being put to work. Through investigating the everyday life of the algorithm, the book opens a conversation with existing social science research that tends to focus on the power and opacity of algorithms. In this book we have unique access to the algorithm’s design, development and testing, but can also bear witness to its fragility and dependency on others.
The Black Swan Problem : Risk Management Strategies for a World of Wild Uncertainty
In The Black Swan Problem: Risk Management Strategies for a World of Wild Uncertainty, renowned risk and finance expert Håkan Jankensgård delivers an extraordinary and startling discussion of how firms should navigate a world of uncertainty and unexpected events. It examines three fundamental, high-level strategies for creating resilience in the face of “black swan” risks, highly unlikely but devastating events: insurance
