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Nanoinformatics
Brings out the state of the art on how informatics-based tools are used and expected to be used in nanomaterials research. There has been great progress in the area in which “big-data” generated by experiments or computations are fully utilized to accelerate discovery of new materials, key factors, and design rules. Data-intensive approaches play indispensable roles in advanced materials characterization. "Materials informatics" is the central paradigm in the new trend. "Nanoinformatics" is its essential subset, which focuses on nanostructures of materials such as surfaces, interfaces, dopants, and point defects, playing a critical role in determining materials properties. There have been significant advances in experimental and computational techniques to characterize individual atoms in nanostructures and to gain quantitative information. The collaboration of researchers in materials science and information science is growing actively and is creating a new trend in materials science and engineering.
Multivariate Statistical Machine Learning Methods for Genomic Prediction
This book brings together the latest genome base prediction models currently being used by statisticians, breeders and data scientists. It provides an accessible way to understand the theory behind each statistical learning tool, the required pre-processing, the basics of model building, how to train statistical learning methods, the basic R scripts needed to implement each statistical learning tool, and the output of each tool. To do so, for each tool the book provides background theory, some elements of the R statistical software for its implementation, the conceptual underpinnings, and at least two illustrative examples with data from real-world genomic selection experiments.
Multi-Scale Approaches in Drug Discovery : From Empirical Knowledge to In silico Experiments and Back
Drug discovery is an expensive, time-consuming process and the modern drug discovery community is constantly challenged not only with discovering novel bioactive agents to combat resistance from known diseases and fight against new ones, but to do so in a way that is economically effective. Advances in both experimental and theoretical/computational methods envisage that the greatest challenges in drug discovery can be most successfully addressed by using a multi-scale approach, drawing on the specialties of a whole host of different disciplines. Multi-Scale Approaches to Drug Discovery furnishes chemists with the detail they need to identify drug leads with the highest potential before isolating and synthesizing them to produce effective drugs with greater swiftness than classical methods may allow. This significantly speeds up the search for more efficient therapeutic agents.
Multiple Testing Procedures and Applications to Genomics
This book establishes the theoretical foundations of a general methodology for multiple hypothesis testing and discusses its software implementation in R and SAS. The methods are applied to a range of testing problems in biomedical and genomic research, including the identification of differentially expressed and co-expressed genes in high-throughput gene expression experiments.
Multi-body Dynamic Modeling of Multi-legged Robots
This book describes the development of an integrated approach for generating the path and gait of realistic hexapod robotic systems. It discusses in detail locomation with straight-ahead, crab and turning motion capabilities in varying terrains, like sloping surfaces, staircases, and various user-defined rough terrains. It also presents computer simulations and validation using Virtual Prototyping (VP) tools and real-world experiments.
Moment Analysis for Subsurface Hydrologic Applications
This book deals with the concept of moments, and how they find application in subsurface hydrologic problems-particularly those dealing with solute transport. This book will be very valuable to researchers who are beginning to learn about moment analysis, and will also be of interest to advanced researchers as well. Both temporal and spatial moments are dealt with in some detail for a wide variety of problems. Several examples using experimental data, both from laboratory columns and field experiments, are provided to give the readers a clear idea about the scope of this method. Apart from conventional uses of moments for solute transport problems, this book contains chapters dealing with use of moments in interval computing, vapour phase transport applications, transfer functions to subsurface tile drains, and construction of breakthrough curves from knowledge of moments.
Molecules in Superfluid Helium Nanodroplets : Spectroscopy, Structure, and Dynamics
This book covers recent advances in experiments using the ultra-cold, very weakly perturbing superfluid environment provided by helium nanodroplets for high resolution spectroscopic, structural and dynamic studies of molecules and synthetic clusters. The recent infra-red, UV-Vis studies of radicals, molecules, clusters, ions and biomolecules, as well as laser dynamical and laser orientational studies, are reviewed. The Coulomb explosion studies of the uniquely quantum structures of small helium clusters, X-ray imaging of large droplets and electron diffraction of embedded molecules are also described. Particular emphasis is given to the synthesis and detection of new species by mass spectrometry and deposition electron microscopy.
Molecular Mechanisms of Neurotransmitter Release
Within the complex neuronal network of the nervous system, neuron-to-neuron communication occurs mainly through chemical synapses, where the presynaptic nerve terminal releases neurotransmitters that control the function of postsynaptic neurons by acting on postsynaptic receptors. Recent decades have brought groundbreaking new developments and a wealth of knowledge to this field. In Molecular Mechanisms of Neurotransmitter Release, leading experts provide concise, up-to-date information on all major molecular mechanisms involved, with complete background information and figures and diagrams to further elucidate key concepts or experiments.Comprehensive and cutting-edge, Molecular Mechanisms of Neurotransmitter Release is sure to provide a learning tool for neuroscience students, a solid reference for neuroscientists, and a source of knowledge for all those who have a general interest in the ever-evolving field of neuroscience.
Modelling and Monitoring of Coastal Marine Processes
Although numerous books have been written on both monitoring and modelling of coastal oceans, there is a practical need for an introductory multi-disciplinary volume to non-specialists in this field. The articles commisioned for this book, organized into four major themes, are written by experts in their disciplines while the text is intended for scientists who do not have extensive training in marine sciences and coastal zone management. As such, the articles in this monograph can be a valuable reference for practicing professionals.
Modeling, Estimation and Control : Festschrift in Honor of Giorgio Picci on the Occasion of his Sixty-Fifth Birthday
Coefficients of Variations in Analysis of Macro-Policy Effects: An example of two-parameter Poisson-Dirichlet distributions.- How Many Experiments Are Needed to Adapt?- A Mutual Information Based Distance for Multivariate Gaussian Processes.- Differential Forms and Dynamical Systems.- An Algebraic Framework for Bayes Nets of Time Series.- A Birds Eye View on System Identification.- Further Results on the Byrnes-Georgiou-Lindquist Generalized Moment Problem.- Factor Analysis and Alternating Minimization.- Tensored PolynomialModels.- Distances Between Time-Series and Their Autocorrelation Statistics.- Global Identifiability of Complex Models, Constructed from Simple Submodels.- Identification of Hidden MarkovModels - Uniform LLN-s.- Identifiability and Informative Experiments in Open and Closed-Loop Identification.- On Interpolation and the Kimura-Georgiou Parametrization.- The Control of Error in Numerical Methods.- Contour Reconstruction and Matching Using Recursive Smoothing Splines.- Role of LQ Decomposition in Subspace Identification Methods.- Canonical Operators on Graphs.
Model tests and numerical simulations of liquefaction and lateral spreading ; LEAP-UCD-2017
This book presents work collected through the Liquefaction Experiments and Analysis Projects (LEAP) in 2017. It addresses the repeatability, variability, and sensitivity of lateral spreading observed in twenty-four centrifuge model tests on mildly sloping liquefiable sand.
Microbial Activity in the Rhizosphere
The rhizosphere is a very complex environment in which the effects of the plant on soil microorganisms and the effects of the microorganisms on the plant are interacting and are interdependent. Plant root exudates and breakdown products attract microbes and feed them and, in turn, the plants often benefit from the microbes. Interactions among microorganisms and plant roots are essential for nutritional requirements of the plant. Plant growth, development and productivity are largely dependent on the soil environment in the root region rhizosphere. The new techniques of studying the rhizosphere enables us to get a much better understanding of the dynamics of the rhizosphere population, such rhizosphere studies being of interest to agriculturists, soilbiologists, chemists, microbiologists and molecular biologists. The rhizosphere microbes in?uence the root environment in several ways. They may change the oxidation-reduction potential, influence the availability of moisture and nutrients, produce growth inhibiting or growth promoting substances in the form of exudates, provide competition and possibly induce many other effects. My corrhizal associations are beneficial in mineral uptake and in increasing root surface area for effective ion absorption. Antagonism, ompetition and synergism in soil and the rhizoplane (rhizosphere) are the most important microbial interactions to consider in the study of rhizosphere biology. With the growing information on the production of growth regulators, competitiveness of the microbes in the rhizosphere, microsymbionts, and other factors, their effect upon plant growth will become more evident. Experiments on the introduction of microbes or their products in the rhizosphere will help to improve our understandingofthebiologyoftherhizosphere.
Microarrays in Inflammation
The book is of interest to academic and industrial researchers but also clinicians who are working on inflammation related topics and would like to extend their knowledge about microarrays and the application thereof. After reading the book a researcher or clinician should be in the position to plan, perform and analyse or to critically review microarray experiments related to inflammation research.
Methods of microarray data analysis IV
As studies using microarray technology have evolved, so have the data analysis methods used to analyze these experiments. The CAMDA conference plays a role in this evolving field by providing a forum in which investors can analyze the same data sets using different methods. METHODS OF MICROARRAY DATA ANALYSIS IV is the fourth book in this series, and focuses on the important issue of associating array data with a survival endpoint. Previous books in this series focused on classification (Volume I), pattern recognition (Volume II), and quality control issues (Volume III). In this volume, four lung cancer data sets are the focus of analysis. We highlight three tutorial papers, including one to assist with a basic understanding of lung cancer, a review of survival analysis in the gene expression literature, and a paper on replication. In addition, 14 papers presented at the conference are included. This book is an excellent reference for academic and industrial researchers who want to keep abreast of the state-of-the-art of microarray data analysis.
Metakaolin and Fly Ash as Mineral Admixtures for Concrete
Deals with modern theoretical concepts related to the impact of fly ash and metakaolin admixtures on structure formation processes of concrete. Results of the effect of fly ash, metakaolin and their composition on properties of self-compacting and self-leveling concrete are presented. Based on mathematical models, obtained using mathematical experiments planning methodology, the impact of the main factors and their combination on workability, strength and other properties that determine efficiency and durability of concrete are analyzed. Using calculated dependencies, a methodology for designing optimal compositions of concrete containing active mineral admixtures and superplasticizers is proposed. Features of industrial production of concrete for the proposed compositions are discussed. The book is intended for specialists working in the production of concrete and reinforced concrete products and elements. It can also be used by construction engineers to design compositions of cost-effective self-compacting and self-leveling concrete as well as to determine the rational direction of using technogenic raw materials like ash and metakaolin.
Mesoscale Analysis of Hydraulics
Presents a series of complicated hydraulic phenomena and related mechanism of high-speed flows in head-head dam. According to the basic hydraulic theory, detailed experiments and numerical simulations, microscopic scale analysis on cavitation bubbles, air bubbles, turbulent eddy vortices and sand grains are examined systemically. These investigations on microscopic fluid mechanics, including cavitation erosion, aeration protection, air–water flow, energy dissipation and river-bed scouring, allow a deep understanding of hydraulics in high-head dams. This book provides reference for designers and researchers in hydraulic engineering, environment engineering and fluid mechanics.
Medical data processing and analysis
Medical data can be defined as obtaining information from patients (such as signals, images, sounds, chemical components and their concentration, body temperature, respiratory rate, blood pressure, and different treatment measurements) to quantify the patient’s status and disease stage. Computer-aided diagnostic (CAD) systems use classical image processing, computer vision, machine learning, and deep learning methods for image analysis. Using image classification or segmentation algorithms, they find a region of interest (ROI) pointing to a specific location within the given image or an outcome of interest in the form of a label pointing to a diagnosis or prognosis. Computer science, with the evolution of artificial intelligence and machine learning techniques, facilitates the modeling and interpretation of results—from carrying out measurements to experiments and observations.
Measuring the Value of Culture : Methods and Examples in Cultural Economics
Acknowledgement of the value of culture and cultural goods is increasing world-wide. So too is interest in finding methods to quantify this value so that governments and private sponsors can make efficient funding decisions. "Measuring the Value of Culture" documents methods that can be used to put a price on the arts and cultural goods, including theatre, heritage, cultural events (like arts festivals), museums, archaeological sites and libraries. The methods discussed include economic impact studies, which use market data, as well as non-market valuation techniques, like willingness to pay studies, and the newer choice experiments. In addition, advances in more qualitative valuation methods are considered.
Matter and Methods at Low Temperatures
Matter and Methods at Low Temperatures contains a wealth of information essential for successful experiments at low temperatures, which makes it suitable as a reference and textbook. This third edition also describes newly developed low-temperature experimentation techniques and new materials properties; it also contains many additional references and a list of suppliers of cryogenic equipment.
Inverse Problems for Partial Differential Equations
The topic of the inverse problems is of substantial and rapidly growing interest for many scientists and engineers. The second edition covers most important recent developments in the field of inverse problems, describing theoretical and computational methods, and emphasizing new ideas and techniques. It also reflects new changes since the first edition, including some corrections. This edition is considerably expanded, with some concepts such as pseudo-convexity, and proofs simplified. New material is added to reflect recent progress in theory of inverse problems.This book is intended for mathematicians working with partial differential equations and their applications, and physicists, geophysicists and engineers involved with experiments in nondestructive evaluation, seismic exploration, remote sensing and tomography.
