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Turbulence, Dynamos, Accretion Disks, Pulsars and Collective Plasma Processes ; First Kodai-Trieste Workshop on Plasma Astrophysics Held at the Kodaikanal Observatory Kodaikanal, India, August 27 – September 7, 2007
It is well established and appreciated by now that more than 99% of the baryonic matter in the universe is in the plasma state. Most astrophysical systems could be approximated as conducting fluids in a gravitational field. It is the combined effect of these two that gives rise to the mind boggling variety of configurations in the form of filaments, loops , jets and arches. The plasma structures that cannot last for more than a second or less in a laboratory remain intact for astronomical time and spatial scales in an astrophysical setting. The case in point is the well known extragalactic jets whose collimation and stability has remained an enigma inspite of the efforts of many for many long years. The high energy radiation sources such as the active galactic nuclei again summon the coherent plasma radiation processes for their exceptionally large output from regions of relatively small physical sizes. The generation of magnetic field, anomalous transport of angular momentum with decisive bearing on star formation processes, the ubiquitous MHD turbulence under conditions irreproducible in terrestrial laboratories are some of the generic issues still awaiting a concerted effort for their understanding.
Tumors of the Chest : Biology, Diagnosis and Management
The purpose of the textbook, Tumors of the Chest: Biology, Diagnosis and Management, is to meticulously depict all aspects of chest tumors in a comprehensive volume format that encompasses their biology, clinical presentation and management. Lung cancer and chest malignancies demand complicated therapeutical procedures without a guaranteed cure, cause agonizing side effects and mean immense suffering for the patients and their families. Over the last decade lung cancer became the providence of the scientific specialities involved:oncology, radiology, radiotherapy, palliative, epidemiology, biology. The internationally renowned authors provide in this book a comprehensive and interdisciplinary overview of their experience with the latest advances in these fields. Also covered are the wide-ranging topics of management in the elderly, chemoprevention, along with ethical, social and economic issues.
Tumor angiogenesis assays : Methods and protocols
Provides new and updated methods and protocols for studying tumor angiogenesis in vitro and in vivo. Chapters detail morphological aspects of tumor angiogenesis, aortic ring, ex vivo tissue culture model for anti-angiogenic drug testing, transgenic zebrafish, orthotopic models of ovarian cancer, and uncovering metabolic effects of anti-angiogenic therapy in tumors by induced metabolic bioluminescence imaging.
Tsunamis and Hurricanes : A Mathematical Approach
This book presents new research on the mathematical description of tsunamis and hurricanes. The book uses the equivalence principle of solutions of nonlinear large gas dynamic waves and of solutions of water wave equations.
Trust within Organizations of the New Economy : A Cross-Industrial Study
Examines the effects of different industry-specific institutional framework constraints on the level of trust within business organizations, particularly the possible differences in old and new economy. Based on the results of a survey carried out in seven major companies from different sectors of the Brazilian economy, the author shows that trust is more likely to be found in relatively stable, hierarchical and bureaucratic organizations whereas there is comparatively little trust in new economy firms.
Tropical Cyclones : Climatology and Impacts in the South Pacific
Describes the behaviour of tropical cyclones in the South Pacific and investigates the broad range of disturbance effects these violent storms have on the physical environments of the islands that lie in their path and the people who live on them. It is the first book to link these two themes – the characteristics of cyclones and their landscape impacts.
Trends in Antarctic Terrestrial and Limnetic Ecosystems : Antarctica as a Global Indicator
The purpose of the book is to provide, based on the most up to date knowledge, a synthesis of the likely effects of climate change on Antarctic terrestrial and limnetic ecosystems and, thereby, to contribute to their management and conservation, based on the information
Trends and Issues in Global Tourism 2007
The ITB Convention Market Trends & Innovations has developed into a center of excellence and a driving force for the global travel and tourism industry, generating a much needed information platform. This compilation unites the highlights of the convention in articles prepared by renowned professionals and scientists from the industry. Readers may benefit from this comprehensive vision of the developments which are shaping the str- ture of the global tourism industry today and in the future. This book is indisp- sable for tourism and travel professionals and well as for academics and students analyzing current global tourism and travel trends. The first chapter takes up the issue of mega trends in society and in the ec- omy and analyzes their effects on the tourism industry. In highly developed co- tries, overwhelming demographical change is underway. Schröder and Widmann demonstrate how tourism businesses should adapt to the aging customer base.
Tree Species Effects on Soils: Implications for Global Change; Proceedings of the NATO Advanced Research Workshop on Trees and Soil Interactions, Implications to Global Climate Change, August 2004, Krasnoyarsk, Russia
Natural forests are expected to have high biodiversity, where the structural richness of the habitat enables complex relationships between fauna, flora, and microflora. They also provide refugia for rare plants and animals found only in natural forest types. Austria had 180 of these forest reserves up to the year 2003. Most of these forests are privately owned, and owners are compensated by the government for loss of income associated with conservation status. The Ministerial Conference for the Protection of Forest Ecosystems (MCPFE) has launched a world-wide network of protected forest areas which should cover all major forest types (MCPFE and UNECE/FAO, 2003). The sites selected for our investigation of soil conditions and communities were chosen by vegetation ecologists and soil scientists. The stands have developed under natural competition conditions with no management interventions. Our set of sites spans gradients of environmental conditions as well as species composition, providing a realistic evaluation of the interactions of biotic and abiotic factors.
Transnational Legal Activism in Global Value Chains : The Ali Enterprises Factory Fire and the Struggle for Justice
This book documents and analyses the various interventions – legal, political, and even artistic – that followed the Ali Enterprises factory fire in Karachi, Pakistan, in 2012. It illuminates the different substantive and procedural aspects of the legal proceedings and negotiations between the various local and transnational actors implicated in the Ali Enterprises fire, as well as the legal and policy reforms sparked by the incident. This endeavour serves to embed these legal cases and reform efforts in the larger context of human and labour rights protection and global value chain governance. It also offers a concrete case study relevant for ongoing debates around the role of transnational approaches in making human rights litigation, advocacy, and law reform more effective. In this regard, the book interrogates and critically reflects on such legal campaigns and local and transnational reform work with a view to future transformative legal and social activism.
Translational oral health research
Devoted to translational research – which aims to expedite the transfer of knowledge gained in the lab to clinical practice – within the field of oral health. It is examined how basic sciences and basic research are providing new methods and materials that will enable clinicians to treat patients more effectively.
Transistor Level Modeling for Analog
The editors and authors present a wealth of knowledge regarding the most relevant aspects in the field of MOS transistor modeling.
Transgenesis and the Management of Vector-Borne Disease
Parasitic, bacterial and viral agents continue to challenge the welfare of humans, livestock, wild life and plants worldwide. The public health impact and financial consequences of these diseases are particularly hard on the already overburdened economies of developing countries especially in the tropics. Many of these disease agents utilize insect hosts (vectors) to achieve their transmission to mammals. In the past, these diseases were largely controlled by insecticide-based vector reduction strategies. Now, many of these diseases have reemerged in the tropics, recolonizing their previous range, and expanding into new territories previously not considered to be endemic. Habitat change, irrigation practices, atmospheric and climate change, insecticide and drug resistance as well as increases in global tourism, human traffic and commercial activities, have driven the reemergence and spread of vector borne diseases. While these diseases can be controlled through interventions aimed at both their vertebrate and invertebrate hosts, no effective vaccines exist, and only limited therapeutic prospects are available for their control in mammalian hosts. Molecular technologies such as transgenesis, which is the subject of this book, stand to increase the toolbox and benefit disease management strategies.
Transgenerational Marketing : Evolution, Expansion, and Experience
Examines the evolution of marketing scholarship over generations from Marketing 1.0 to 4.0. It argues that most firms look to gain competitive advantage in the marketplace by driving tactical moves, inculcating small cost-effective changes in marketing approaches. Often, strategic choices of companies lean towards developing competitive differentiations that enable consumers to realize the value of money, causing loyalty shifts in the competitive marketplace. The book focuses on the consumer as the pivot of marketing and argues that the consumer serves as a bidirectional channel during pre-and post-purchase period.
Transformation literacy : Pathways to regenerative civilizations
This book brings science and practice together and inspires a global movement towards co-creating regenerative civilizations that work for 100% of humanity and the Earth as a whole. With its conceptual foundation of the concept of transformation literacy it enhances the knowledge and capacity of decision-makers, change agents and institutional actors to steward transformations effectively across institutions, societal sectors and nations.
Traffic and pavement engineering
Traffic and Pavement Engineering presents the latest engineering concepts, techniques, practices, principles, standard procedures, and models that are applied and used to design and evaluate traffic systems, road pavement structures, and alternative transportation systems to ultimately achieve greater safety, sustainability, efficiency, and cost-effectiveness.
Toxicants in Terrestrial Ecosystems : A Guide for the Analytical and Environmental Chemist
The presence of deliberately added or adventitious organic and inorganic compounds in soils can cause contamination of the crops which are grown on the land or animals feeding on the land, and, consequently can cause adverse toxic effects on man, animals, birds and insect life. Also, drainage of these substances from the soil by rainwater can cause pollution of adjacent streams, then rivers and, eventually, the oceans. The purpose of this book is to draw together the world-wide literature on the occurrence and analytical determination of all types of organic, organometallic and inorganic compounds in soils, animals, crops, plants, grains, dairy products and processed foods. Animal feed and fertilizers are also discussed.
Towards Affordance-Based Robot Control ; International Seminar, Dagstuhl Castle, Germany, June 5-9, 2006. Revised Papers
Today’s mobile robot perception is insufficient for acting goal-directedly in unconstrained, dynamic everyday environments like a home, a factory, or a city. Subject to restrictions in bandwidth, computer power, and computation time, a robot has to react to a wealth of dynamically changing stimuli in such environments, requiring rapid, selective attention to decisive, action-relevant information of high current utility. Robust and general engineering methods for effectively and efficiently coupling perception, action and reasoning are unavailable. Interesting performance, if any, is currently only achieved by sophisticated robot programming exploiting domain features and specialties, which leaves ordinary users no chance of changing how the robot acts.
Towards a Cleaner Planet : Energy for the Future
The world has entered a period of significant changes regarding the future of energy generation, mainly caused by the apparent exhaustion of hyd- carbons in the near future, and the Greenhouse gases (GHG) effect of alt- ing the climate worldwide. Mexico, as a developing country, and as the eleventh-most populated nation with the thirteenth-largest territory, and as the owner of important oil production resources, is a good example of a State needing to improve and increase its energy generation. A concerted action amongst the e- nomic sectors involved – both governmental and industrial – could dras- cally improve the present situation regarding the development of its alt- native energy resources. The main motivation for organizing the German-Mexican Symposium 2006 Energy for the future: towards a cleaner planet, was to get a global perspective for changing the present energy-mix in Mexico, currently based on fossil fuels, towards cleaner energy resources.
Topological Invariants of Stratified Spaces
The central theme of this book is the restoration of Poincaré duality, on stratified singular spaces by using Verdier-self-dual sheaves such as the prototypical intersection chain sheaf on a complex variety.After carefully introducing sheaf theory, derived categories, Verdier duality, stratification theories, intersection homology, t-structures and perverse sheaves, the ultimate objective is to explain the construction as well as algebraic and geometric properties of invariants such as the signature and characteristic classes effectuated by self-dual sheaves.
