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Voltage-Sensitive Ion Channels : Biophysics of Molecular Excitability
Explores the complexity of a microscopic bit of matter that exists in a myriad of copies within our bodies, the voltage-sensitive ion channel. We seek to investigate the way in which these macromolecules make it possible for the long fibers of our nerve and muscle cells to conduct impulses. These integral components of cell membranes are marvels of nature's evolutionary adaptation. To understand them we must probe the boundaries of physics and chemistry. Since function is intimately related to structure, we examine the molecular structure of channels, focusing on physical principles that govern all matter. With the application of genetic methods, our knowledge of ion channels has broadened and deepened. In the hope that research can help ameliorate suffering, we discuss the diseases that arise from channel malfunctions due to genetic mutations.
Voltage-Gated Calcium Channels
Voltage-gated calcium channels are essential mediators of a range of physiological functions, including the communication between nerve Vcells, the regulation of heart beat, muscle contraction, and secretion of hormones such as insulin. Consequently, these channels are critical phar macological targets in the treatment of a variety of disorders, such as epi lepsy, hypertension, and pain. Voltage-gated calcium channels have there fore been subject to intense study by numerous investigators over the past few decades, and an immense body of work has accumulated. In this book, we provide the first comprehensive overview of our current state of knowl edge concerning this exciting field of research. Leading off with a general review of calcium signaling and techniques to measure calcium channel ac tivity, the book delves into a provocative overview of the history of the cal cium channel field. A number of chapters are dedicated towards various aspects of calcium channel structure and function, including channel gat ing, permeation, modulation and interactions with members of the exo- totic machinery—contributed by both established leaders and rising stars in the field.
Voltage-Enhanced Processing of Biomass and Biochar
The book explains aspects of this processing method in thermal and non-thermal plasmas, as well as describing the effects of Joule heating as part of the temperature distribution and conversion rate. In many ways, this book presents a detailed description of different processes and plasma discharges currently available, with the provision of experimental and simulation results gathered over years of research and development. Importantly, it also offers many methods by which we can be environmentally friendly when working with biomass and biochar.
Voltage Stability of Electric Power Systems
The book describes practical methods that can be used for voltage security assessment and offers a variety of examples. This is a first attempt to condense the technical papers and reports on this subject into a single, coherent, and theoretically sound presentation.Transmission, generation, and load aspects of the voltage instability problem are treated in detail, and a comprehensive power system model for use in voltage stability analysis is developed and explained. Notions and concepts from nonlinear system theory are presented in a tutorial manner for the use of those new to the field.
Volcano Deformation : New Geodetic Monitoring Techniques
With contributions from some of the most experienced and knowledgeable experts in the field, the book desbribes the state-of-the-art techniques used by volcanologists to successfully predict volcanic eruptions. With chapters on GPS and synthetic aperture radar interferometry, Volcanic Deformation covers both the "classical" and emerging methodologies, and looks at the future challenges faced by scientists when predicting volcanic eruptions.
Volcanic Unrest : From Science to Society
Volcanic unrest is a complex multi-hazard phenomenon. The fact that unrest may, or may not lead to an imminent eruption contributes significant uncertainty to short-term volcanic hazard and risk assessment. Although it is reasonable to assume that all eruptions are associated with precursory activity of some sort, the understanding of the causative links between subsurface processes, resulting unrest signals and imminent eruption is incomplete. When a volcano evolves from dormancy into a phase of unrest, important scientific, political and social questions need to be addressed. This book is aimed at graduate students, researchers of volcanic phenomena, professionals in volcanic hazard and risk assessment, observatory personnel, as well as emergency managers who wish to learn about the complex nature of volcanic unrest and how to utilize new findings to deal with unrest phenomena at scientific and emergency managing levels.
Voices of Trauma : Treating Psychological Trauma Across Cultures
Synthesizing insights from psychiatry, social psychology, and anthropology, Voices of Trauma: Treating Survivors across Cultures sets out a framework for therapy that is as culturally informed as it is productive. An international panel of 23 therapists offers contextual knowledge on PTSD, coping skills, and other trauma sequelae as they affect survivors of traumatic events. Case studies from Egypt to Chechnya demonstrate various therapeutic approaches (and the Cultural Formation of Diagnosis from the DSM-IV), often integrated with social agencies outside the clinical setting. Authors explore the balance of inter- and intrapersonal factors in reactions to trauma, dispel misconceptions that hinder progress in treatment, and provide profound examples of mutual trust and empathy, even how the wounded may heal the therapist.
Voice controlled robotic arm
The study presents an innovative voice-controlled prosthetic hand for amputees below the elbow to retrieve some of the hand movements of their daily life. This light weight hand is designed to enable movement of the fingers as the user commands, using artificial intelligence (AI) and a Raspberry Pi 4 computer. A speech recognition algorithm is used to detect the spoken command from the user and send it to the AI module which then drives servomotors placed inside each finger of the prosthetic hand in order to give motion. With help of a mobile application that allows the user to insert new commands with different moves among other features.
Voice and Speech Quality Perception : Assessment and Evaluation
This book approaches the problem by actually identifying major perceptual dimensions of voice and speech quality perception, defining units wherever possible and offering paradigms to position these dimensions into a structural skeleton of perceptual speech and voice quality. The emphasis is placed on voice and speech quality assessment of systems in artificial scenarios. Many scientific fields are involved. This book bridges the gap between two quite diverse fields, engineering and humanities, and establishes the new research area of Voice and Speech Quality Perception.
VOCUS : A Visual Attention System for Object Detection and Goal-Directed Search
This monograph presents a complete computational system for visual attention and object detection: VOCUS (Visual Object detection with a CompUtational attention System) is a system capable of automatically selecting regions of interest in images and detecting specific objects. It represents a major step forward on integrating data-driven and model-driven information into a single framework. Additionally, the volume contains an extensive review of the literature on visual attention, detailed evaluations of VOCUS in different settings, and applications of the system in the context of object recognition and robotics.
Vocationalisation of Secondary Education Revisited
The book is a cutting-edge contribution to the debate which has occurred for some time on the pros and cons of secondary education becoming more closely and explicitly related to preparing young people for the world of work. The book provides concrete examples of the vocationalisation of secondary education, with particular reference to the situation in Africa. The target audience for the book includes policy-makers, practitioners, administrators, education planners, researchers, teachers and teacher educators with a concern about the relationship between secondary education and education for the world of work (with particular reference to technical and vocational education and training - TVET.)
Vocational Teacher Education in Central Asia : Developing Skills and Facilitating Success
This book is open access under a CC-BY license. This open access volume presents papers on vocational education, project-based learning and science didactic approaches, illustrating with sample cases, and with a special focus on Central Asian states. Thematically embedded in the area of Technical Vocational Education and Training (TVET), the book examines the following main topics: project-based learning (PBL), specific didactics with a linkage to food technologies and laboratory didactics, media and new technologies in TVET, evaluation of competencies including aspects of measurement, examination issues, and labour market and private sector issues in TVET, and research methods with a focus on empirical research and the role of scientific networks.
Vocational Rehabilitation
this book the second in the series of monographs produced by the European Academy of Rehabilitation Medicine. No part of medicine, no clinical intervention, is complete without thinking about its effect on the person’s life and the quality thereof. One of the most powerful determinants of this is work; a source not only of income, but of satisfaction and a sense of purpose and worth.
Vocal Fold Paralysis
New therapeutic options and approaches have been developed based on an expanded knowledge of the underlying pathophysiology of vocal fold paralysis. The core of Vocal Fold Paralysis offers step-by-step descriptions and of the following therapies: vocal fold injection, medialization laryngoplasty, and arytenoid repositioning surgery. It also includes special topics such as reinnervation, vocal fold pacing, bilateral medialization, and pediatric and bilateral vocal fold paralysis. Vocal Fold Paralysis is a clinically useful reference for evaluation and treatment, as well as a summary of current knowledge and investigational approaches. This excellent guide fills a void within the field of otolaryngology and should not be missed by any otorhinolaryngologist, neurologist, phoniatrician or speech pathologist.
VLSI-SoC: Research Trends in VLSI and Systems on Chip ; 14th International Conference on Very Large Scale Integration of System on Chip (VLSI-SoC2006), October 16-18, 2006, Nice, France
The scope of the book includes: foundations of computer science; software theory and practice; education; computer applications in technology; communication systems; systems modeling and optimization; information systems; computers and society; computer systems technology; security and protection in information processing systems; artificial intelligence; and human-computer interaction.
VLSI-SOC: From Systems to Chips ; IFIP TC 10/WG 10.5, Twelfth International Conference on Very Large Scale Ingegration of System on Chip (VLSI-SoC 2003), December 1-3, 2003, Darmstadt, Germany
The IFIP series publishes state-of-the-art results in the sciences and technologies of information and communication. The scope of the series includes: foundations of computer science; software theory and practice; education; computer applications in technology; communication systems; systems modeling and optimization; information systems; computers and society; computer systems technology; security and protection in information processing systems; artificial intelligence; and human-computer interaction. Proceedings and post-proceedings of referred international conferences in computer science and interdisciplinary fields are featured. These results often precede journal publication and represent the most current research. The principal aim of the IFIP series is to encourage education and the dissemination and exchange of information about all aspects of computing.
Vlsi-Soc : From systems to silicon ; IFIP TC10/ WG 10.5 13th International Conference on very large scale integration of system on chip (VLSI-SoC2005), October 17-19, 2005, Perth, Australia
The IFIP series publishes state-of-the-art results in the sciences and technologies of information and communication. The scope of the series includes: foundations of computer science; software theory and practice; education; computer applications in technology; communication systems; systems modeling and optimization; information systems; computers and society; computer systems technology; security and protection in information processing systems; artificial intelligence; and human-computer interaction. Proceedings and post-proceedings of referred international conferences in computer science and interdisciplinary fields are featured. These results often precede journal publication and represent the most current research. The principal aim of the IFIP series is to encourage education and the dissemination and exchange of information about all aspects of computing.
VLSI-Design of Non-Volatile Memories
VLSI-Design for Non-Volatile Memories is intended for electrical engineers and graduate students who want to enter into the integrated circuit design world. Non-volatile memories are treated as an example to explain general design concepts. Practical illustrative examples of non-volatile memories, including flash types, are showcased to give insightful examples of the discussed design approaches. A collection of photos is included to make the reader familiar with silicon aspects. Throughout all parts of this book, the authors have taken a practical and applications-driven point of view, providing a comprehensive and easily understood approach to all the concepts discussed.
VizSEC 2007 ; Proceedings of the Workshop on Visualization for Computer Security
Networked computers are ubiquitous, and are subject to attack, misuse, and abuse. One method to counteracting this cyber threat is to provide security analysts with better tools to discover patterns, detect anomalies, identify correlations, and communicate their findings. Visualization for computer security (VizSec) researchers and developers are doing just that. VizSec is about putting robust information visualization tools into the hands of human analysts to take advantage of the power of the human perceptual and cognitive processes in solving computer security problems.
Vivas for the oral and maxillofacial surgery FRCS
Provides candidates with 100 high-quality viva topics and expert guidance to prepare for this difficult exit oral exam. This book provides comprehensive coverage of theory and practice. Split into 15 chapters of key sub-specialties, all 100 questions are mapped to the surgical curriculum preparing you for the FRCS oral examination. Each topic contains a visual aid, such as an x-ray or photograph, to replicate exam conditions.
