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Bringing the Jobless into Work? : Experiences with Activation Schemes in Europe and the US
Over the last decade, many industrialized countries shifted from passive unemployment and welfare benefit regimes and traditional active labor market and social policies to activation strategies by making benefit receipt conditional upon accepting job offers or participation in active labor market schemes. But countries differ with regard to the design of activation instruments and their implementation, the definition of target groups and the effects of activation in the national labor market setting. This volume provides an up-to-date overview of activation strategies in unemployment benefit systems and social assistance in selected European countries and the US. A particular focus lies on the development of activation schemes, governance and implementation as well as on the outcomes of activation in terms of labor market and social integration. The volume is the first to address these issues both from a socio-economic and a legal perspective.
Bridging laboratory and field research for genetic control of disease vectors
Contemporary research on genetic control of disease-transmitting insects knows two kinds of scientists: those that work in the laboratory and those known as ‘field people’. Over the last decade, both groups seem to have developed differing research priorities, address fundamentally different aspects within the overall discipline of infectious-disease control, and worse, have developed a scientific ‘language’ that is no longer understood by the ‘other’ party. This gap widens every day, between the North and the South, between ecologists and molecular biologists, geneticists and behaviourists, etc. The need to develop a common research agenda that bridges this gap has been identified as a top priority by all parties involved. Only then shall the goal of developing appropriate genetic-control strategies for vectors of disease become reality.
Bridge Management 5 : Inspection, maintenance, assessment and repair ; Proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Bridge Management, organized by the University of Surrey, 11–13 April 2005
The last five years have seen the art of bridge management develop into a mature subject. Bridge owners and engineers recognise the importance of implementing fully operational bridge management strategies to ensure that all road and rail bridges remain functional for as long as possible.Bridge structures form a major part of the vast financial investment in infrastructure and consequently their careful management involving structural appraisal, repair and strengthening is of paramount importance.
Branch-and-Bound Applications in Combinatorial Data Analysis
There are a variety of combinatorial optimization problems that are relevant to the examination of statistical data. Combinatorial problems arise in the clustering of a collection of objects, the seriation (sequencing or ordering) of objects, and the selection of variables for subsequent multivariate statistical analysis such as regression. The options for choosing a solution strategy in combinatorial data analysis can be overwhelming. Because some problems are too large or intractable for an optimal solution strategy, many researchers develop an over-reliance on heuristic methods to solve all combinatorial problems. However, with increasingly accessible computer power and ever-improving methodologies, optimal solution strategies have gained popularity for their ability to reduce unnecessary uncertainty. In this monograph, optimality is attained for nontrivially sized problems via the branch-and-bound paradigm.
Brain Repair
Brain Repair, addresses all relevant issues underlying the mechanisms of brain damage, brain plasticity and post-traumatic reorganisation after CNS lesions. This book is divided the three major sections that follow; cellular and molecular basis of brain repair, plasticity and reorganisation of neural networks, and experimental therapy strategies. Brain Repair is written by high profile, international experts who describe in detail the newest results from basic research and highlight new model systems, techniques and therapy approaches. Based on a careful analysis of the cellular and molecular reaction patterns of the CNS to lesions, the contributions cover possibilities for endogenous reorganisation and repair as well as exciting new therapies emerging from basic research, some of which have already been introduced into the clinics.
Botnet Detection : Countering the Largest Security Threat
Botnet Detection: Countering the Largest Security Threat, a contributed volume by world-class leaders in this field, is based on the June 2006 ARO workshop on Botnets. This edited volume represents the state-of-the-art in research on Botnets. It provides botnet detection techniques and response strategies, as well as the latest results from leading academic, industry and government researchers.
Blockchain and Other Emerging Technologies for Digital Business Strategies
Aims to explore the aspects of strategic leadership in a digital context together with the cyber-physical relationships whilst performing business activities. Furthermore, this book looks to investigate the interactions from both the organization strategy including the cross-functional actors/stakeholders whom are operating within the organization and the various characteristics of operating in a cyber secure ecosystem.
Bisphosphonates in medical practice : Actions - side effects - indications - strategies
Clinical osteology is now an independent specialty which nevertheless encompasses all branches of medicine and effects each and every one of us: Bone is Every Body´s Business: This book has been designed as an up to date manual to deal with the currently recognized indications for bisphosphonates, to outline situations and conditions for prevention of skeletal disorders, and to provide practical guidelines for treatment. It is intended for doctors who seek precise information on bisphosphonates in medical practice to enable them to treat patients with disorders of bone or better still to avoid their occurrence .
Bioterrorism and Infectious Agents : A New Dilemma for the 21st Century
Since the terrorist attack on the United States on September 11, 2001 and subsequent cases of anthrax in Florida and New York City, attention has been focused on the threat of b- logical warfare and bioterrorism. Biological warfare agents are de?ned as “living org- isms, whatever their nature, or infected material derived from them, which are used for h- tile purposes and intended to cause disease or death in man, animals and plants, and depend for their efforts on the ability to multiply in person, animal or plant attacked.” Biological warfare agents may be well suited for bioterrorism to create havoc and terror in a civilian population, because they are cheap and easy to obtain and dispense. Infectious or contagious diseases have played a major part in the history of warfare – deliberately or inadvertently – in restricting or assisting invading armies over the centuries. In 1346, the Tartars catapulted plaque-infected bodies into Kaffa in the Crimea to end a 3-year siege. Blankets contaminated with smallpox to infect North American Indians were used by British forces in the 18th century. More recently, the Japanese released ?eas infected with plaque in Chinese cities in the 1930s and 1940s. Biological research programs for both offensive and defensive strategies have been developed by the United States, Britain, the former Soviet Union, and Canada; several other nations are thought to have such programs.
Biotechnology of medicinal plants with antiallergy properties : Research trends and prospects
Covers critically investigated information on medicinal plants prioritized for their anti-allergy properties. It offers insights into strategies related to the distribution, mechanism of action, and assessment of antiallergic medicinal plants, and also delves into crucial aspects of modern biotechnological tools, addressing their implementation challenges, presenting innovative approaches through case studies, and exploring opportunities for nanotechnologies. These elaborated discussions aim to raise awareness and bridge the gap between human health and the biodiversity of antiallergic medicinal plants.
Biosurfactants for a sustainable future : Production and applications in the environment and biomedicine
The book emphasizes the different techniques that are used for the production of biosurfactants from microorganisms and their characterization. Various aspects of biosurfactants, including structural characteristics, developments, production, bio-economics and their sustainable use in the environment and biomedicine, are addressed, and the book also presents metagenomic strategies to facilitate the discovery of novel biosurfactants producing microorganisms.
Biopharmaceutics applications in drug development
This book introduces fundamental concepts, methods, and advances in the areas of dissolution, absorption, and permeability and their key applications in dosage form performance. Case studies are used to discuss the applications of biopharmaceutic strategies in the development of successful drugs, with a specific focus on the applications of biopharmaceutic strategies in the development of successful drugs. The book presents an integrated view in linking pharmaceutic to the biological consequences of drug products and leverages those for decision making in drug development.
Biopharmaceutical processing : Development, design, and Implementation of manufacturing processes
Biopharmaceutical Processing: Development, Design, and Implementation of Manufacturing Processes covers bioprocessing from cell line development to bulk drug substances. The methods and strategies described are essential learning for every scientist, engineer or manager in the biopharmaceutical and vaccines industry. The integrity of the bioprocess ultimately determines the quality of the product in the biotherapeutics arena, and this book covers every stage including all technologies related to downstream purification and upstream processing fields. Economic considerations are included throughout, with recommendations for lowering costs and improving efficiencies.
Biopharmaceutical manufacturing progress, trends and challenges
Source of the latest innovative research and technical development in biomanufacturing systems. It is organised into 2 parts: 1) Manufacturing of recombinant therapeutic proteins (e.g. therapeutic antibodies, biosimilars/biogenerics) and 2) Manufacturing aspects of cell and gene therapy. Each with selected chapters on the following topics for both up- and downstream, such as: Advanced process strategies, especially continuous manufacturing, Advanced culture techniques, especially single-use systems, Process transfer, scale-up/scale-down models, Processing advances/Manufacturing productivity/efficiency, Model-assisted process understanding and development/Digital Twins, Process controls and analytics, Quality control, Quality by design, Facility design and full-scale commercial systems, manufacturing technology innovation.
Biomarkers for alzheimer’s disease drug development
Helping to accelerate Alzheimer’s disease drug development. Addressing the latest advances in preclinical and clinical research, including new insights into the molecular mechanisms and emerging therapeutic strategies, the book continues by exploring digital biomarkers and advanced neuroimaging analysis which will transform how clinical trials in the Alzheimer’s disease field are performed.
Biomarkers for alzheimer’s disease drug development
Aims to build a new generation of experts with a broader understanding of key topics in the Alzheimer’s disease field. Chapters guide readers through innovative approaches to the discovery of novel biomarkers in cerebrospinal fluid, innovation in blood-based biomarkers, a comprehensive overview of magnetic resonance imaging and molecular imaging approaches and their value for developing drugs for Alzheimer’s disease, cutting-edge developments in neuropathology and their relevance for Alzheimer’s disease trials, novel genomic strategies for biomarker development, and related topics including neuropsychological testing and advanced analytical methods.Written in the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology series format, chapters include introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible laboratory protocols, and tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls.
Biofuels and sustainability : Holistic perspectives for policy-making
This open access book presents a comprehensive analysis of biofuel use strategies from an interdisciplinary perspective using sustainability science. This interdisciplinary perspective (social science-natural science) means that the strategies and policy options proposed will have significant impacts on the economy and society alike. Biofuels are expected to contribute to reducing greenhouse gas emissions, revitalizing economies in agricultural communities and alleviating poverty. However, despite these anticipated benefits, international organizations such as the FAO, OECD and UN have published reports expressing concerns that biofuel promotion may lead to deforestation, water pollution and water shortages. The impacts of biofuel use are extensive, cross-sectoral and complex, and as such, comprehensive analyses are required in order to assess the extent to which biofuels can contribute to sustainable societies.
Bioactive Heterocycles V
This volume contains 10 chapters. The contributions are from researchers famous in their respective fields and the chapters contain high quality reviews on topics related to the chemo-biological studies of several different heterocyclic groups. The first chapter from Saracoglu reviews the functionalization of indoles and the pyrroles via Michael additions, as these compounds have potential for their biological activities. In second chapter Men ́endez reviews the chemistry of the welwitindolinones. Topcu and Demirkiran, in the third chapter, describe the chemistry and biological studies of lignans from Taxus species, including their biosynthesis and recent strategies for the synthesis of lignans.
Big Data : A Road Map for Successful Digital Marketing
Explores recent trends in the use of big data to predict consumer behavior, strategies to engage online customers, integration of big data with other data sources, and its applications in social media analytics, mobile marketing, search engine optimization and customer relationship management.
Bidding Strategies in Agent-Based Continuous Double Auctions
Presents a new bidding strategy for agents to adopt in CDAs and propose tools to enhance the performance of existing bidding strategies in CDAs. The superior performance of the new bidding strategy as well as the tools presented in this book are illustrated through extensive experiments.
