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Piezoelectricity : Evolution and Future of a Technology
Discovered in 1880, piezoelectric materials play a key role in an innovative market of several billions of dollars. Recent advances in applications derive from new materials and their development, as well as to new market requirements. With the exception of quartz, ferroelectric materials are used for they offer both high efficiency and sufficient versatility to meet adequately the multidimensional requirements for application. Consequently, strong emphasis is placed on tailoring materials and technology, whether one deals with single crystals, ceramics or plastic materials. Tailoring requires a basic understanding of both physical principles and technical possibilities and limitations. This report elucidates these developments by a broad spectrum of examples, comprising ultrasound in medicine and defence industry, frequency control, signal processing by SAW-devices, sensors, actuators, including novel valves for modern motor management.
Physical Limitations of Semiconductor Devices
Provides an in depth understanding of the phenomena and regularities that play a critical role in the limitation of semiconductor device capabilities. It discusses how thermo-electrical breakdown, conductivity modulation, and electrical and spatial current instability phenomena affect the limitations of the devices. The authors give examples of the phenomena ranging from elementary semiconductor diode structures to discrete power and integrated components. They also show circuits both for silicon and compound semiconductor devices. The emphasis of the book is on the physical approach to reliability assurance, safe operating area, and ESD problems.Physical Limitations of Semiconductor Devices provides an important link between the theoretical aspects of the physics of semiconductor devices, non-linear physics, and the practical applications of microelectronics.
Particle Detection with Drift Chambers
Presents a thorough introduction to the theory and operation of drift chambers, one of the most important modern methods of elementary particle detection. The topics, presented in a text-book style with many illustrations, include the basics of gas ionization, by particles and by lasers, drift of electrons and ions in gases and signal creation and discuss in depth the fundamental limits of accuracy and the issue of particle identification. The book also surveys all types of drift chambers and the various drift-chamber gases in use. The calculation of the device parameters and physical processes are presented in some detail, as is all necessary background material.
Ordered Polymeric Nanostructures at Surfaces
Polymer Science is not only the fundament of the plastics industry but it hasalso gained reputation as an enabling factor of advanced technologies from microelectronics to bioengineering. Moreover, it has shown to be a uniquechallenge to theoretical and experimental physics. The bridging function tomolecular biology is obvious. It is this context which is properly and metic-ulously mirrored by the last 100 Volumes of this Series. careful discussion of synthetic and analytical approaches to new challenges inmaterials preparation and performance written by established experts in theirrespective sub-discipline, a complete picture of the state of the art emergesnevertheless when one draws the sum over the nearly 400 individual reviewpapers published since 1991 in Volumes 101 to 200 of this Series.
Optical Interconnects : The Silicon Approach
Optical Interconnects provides a fascinating picture of the state of the art in optical interconnects and a perspective on what can be expected in the near future. It is composed of selected reviews authored by world leaders in the field, and these reviews are written from either an academic or industrial viewpoint. An in-depth discussion of the path towards fully-integrated optical interconnects in microelectronics is presented. This book will be useful not only to physicists, chemists, materials scientists, and engineers but also to graduate students who are interested in the fields of microelectronics and optoelectronics.
Nanotechnology-Enabled Sensors
Nanotechnology provides us with tools to create functional materials, devices, and systems by controlling materials at the atomic and molecular scales, and at the same time make use of novel properties and phenomena. Considering that most chemical and biological sensors, as well as many physical sensors, depend on interactions occurring within the nano scale range, the impact that nanotechnology will have on the sensor world is significant. Nanotechnology enabled sensors find applications in several novel fields such as sensing single molecules, bio-hazards, toxic chemicals, gas sensors, process control and diagnostics.
Multi-Photon Quantum Interference
Multi-Photon Quantum Interference covers the phenomena of quantum interference through the multi-photon effects of photon correlation. The author’s focus is on the temporal correlation among photons and how it influences the interference effect.
Microelectronic Circuits
Devices and basic circuits -- Signals, amplifiers and semiconductors -- Operational amplifiers -- Diodes -- Bipolar junction transistors (BJTS) -- Mos field-effect transistors (MOSFETS) -- Transistor amplifiers -- Analog integrated circuits -- Building blocks of integrated-circuit amplifiers -- Differential and multistage amplifiers -- Frequency response -- Feedback -- Output stages and power amplifiers -- Operational-amplifier circuits -- Filters and oscillators -- Digital integrated circuits -- CMOS digital logic circuits -- Digital Design: Power, Speed, and Area -- Memory and Clocking Circuits
MEMS/NEMS : (1) Handbook Techniques and Applications Design Methods, (2) Fabrication Techniques, (3) Manufacturing Methods, (4) Sensors and Actuators, (5) Medical Applications and MOEMS
Micro-Electro Mechanical Systems (MEMS) is the integration of mechanical elements, sensors, actuators, and electronics on a common silicon substrate. While the electronics are fabricated using integrated circuit (IC) process sequences (e.g., CMOS, Bipolar, or BICMOS processes),the micromechanical components are fabricated using compatible micromachining processes that selectively etch away parts of the silicon wafer or add new structural layers to form the mechanical and electromechanical devices. MEMS promises to revolutionize nearly every product category by bringing together silicon-based microelectronics with micromachining technology, thereby, making possible the realization of complete systems-on-a-chip.
Mechanics of Microelectronics
Written by the leading experts with both profound knowledge and rich practical experience in advanced mechanics and microelectronics industry, this book aims to provide the cutting edge knowledge and solutions for various mechanical related problems, in a systematic way. It contains essential and detailed information about the state-of-the-art theories, methodologies, the way of working and real case studies.
Introduction to Reconfigurable Computing : Architectures, Algorithms, and Applications
“Introduction to Reconfigurable Computing” provides a comprehensive study of the field Reconfigurable Computing. It provides an entry point to the novice willing to move in the research field reconfigurable computing, FPGA and system on programmable chip design. The book can also be used as teaching reference for a graduate course in computer engineering, or as reference to advance electrical and computer engineers. It provides a very strong theoretical and practical background to the field of reconfigurable computing, from the early Estrin’s machine to the very modern architecture like coarse-grained reconfigurable device and the embedded logic devices.
How to Gain Gain : A Reference Book on Triodes in Audio Pre-Amps
The 17 chapters of How to Gain Gain give a detailed insight into a collection of the most common gain producing and constant current generating possibilities (28) of triodes for audio pre-amplifier purposes. These chapters also offer complete sets of formulae to calculate gain, frequency and phase responses of certain building blocks built-up with this type of vacuum valve (tube).
History of Semiconductor Engineering
In this book, the author argues that the group of inventors was much larger. This richly illustrated account is a personal recollection of the development of integrated circuits and personalities – such as Russell Ohl, Karl Lark-Horovitz, William Shockley, Carl Frosch, Lincoln Derick, Calvin Fuller, Kurt Lehovec. Jean Hoerni, Sheldon Roberts, Jay Last, Isy Haas, Bob Norman, Dave Allison, Jim Nall, Tom Longo, Bob Widlar, Dave Talbert, Frank Wanlass, and Federico Faggin. Here is the first comprehensive behind-the-scenes account of the history of the integrated circuit, the microelectronics industry, and the people closely involved in the development of the transistor and the integrated circuit.
High-Resolution If-To-Baseband ΣΔ Adc For Car Radios
High-Resolution IF-to-Baseband SigmaDelta ADC for Car Radios addresses the theory, system level design and circuit implementation of a high-resolution continuous-time IF-to-baseband quadrature SigmaDelta ADC. The target application of this ADC is in AM/FM/IBOC car radios. The ADC achieves a dynamic range of 118dB, which eliminates the need for an IF VGA or AM channel filter in car radios.
Highly Sensitive Optical Receivers
Highly Sensitive Optical Receivers primarily treats the circuit design of optical receivers with external photodiodes. Continuous-mode and burst-mode receivers are compared. The monograph first summarizes the basics of III/V photodetectors, transistor and noise models, bit-error rate, sensitivity and analog circuit design, thus enabling readers to understand the circuits described in the main part of the book. In order to cover the topic comprehensively, detailed descriptions of receivers for optical data communication in general and, in particular, optical burst-mode receivers in deep-sub-µm CMOS are presented. Numerous detailed and elaborate illustrations facilitate better understanding.
High-Dynamic-Range (HDR) Vision : Microelectronics, Image Processing, Computer Graphics
This first comprehensive account of high-dynamic-range (HDR) vision focusses on HDR real-time, high-speed digital video recording and also systematically presents HDR video transmission and display. The power of the eye-like, logarithmic optoelectronic conversion concept is demonstrated in machine-vision, medical, automotive, surveillance and cinematic applications, and it is extended to HDR sub-retinal implants for the vision impaired. While the book conveys the overall picture of HDR vision, specific knowledge of microelectronics and image processing is not required. It provides a quantitative summary of the major issues to allow the assessment of the state of the art and a glimpse at future developments. Selected experts share their know-how and expectations in this rapidly evolving art related to the single most powerful of our senses.
Handbook of Practical X-Ray Fluorescence Analysis
X-Ray Fluorescence analysis (XRF) is a reliable multi-elemental and nondestructive analytical method widely used in research and industrial applications. This practical handbook provides self-contained modules featuring XRF instrumentation, quantification methods, and most of the current applications. The book gives a survey of the theoretical fundamentals, analytical instrumentation, software for data processing, various excitation regimes including gracing incidents and microfocus measurements, quantitative analysis, applications in routine and micro analysis, mineralogy, biology, medicine, criminal investigations, archeology, metallurgy, abrasion, microelectronics, environmental air and water analysis. It gives the basic knowledge on this technique, information on analytical equipment and guides the reader to the various applications.
Handbook of modern sensors. physics, designs, and applications
Presents a comprehensive and up-to-date account of the theory (physical principles), design, and practical implementations of various sensors for scientific, industrial, and consumer applications. This latest edition focuses on the sensing technologies driven by the expanding use of sensors in mobile devices. These new miniature sensors will be described, with an emphasis on smart sensors which have embedded processing systems. The chapter on chemical sensors has also been expanded to present the latest developments.
Handbook of Biochips : Integrated Circuits and Systems for Biology and Medicine
This book provides a broad survey of the field of biochips, including fundamentals of microelectronics and biomaterials interaction with various, living tissues, as well as numerous, diverse applications. Although a wide variety of biochips will be described, there will be a focus on those at the brain-machine interface. Analysis is included of the relationship between different categories of biochips and their interactions with the body and coverage includes wireless remote control of biochips and arrays of microelectrodes, based on new biomaterials.
Gettering Defects in Semiconductors
The authors address not only well-established gettering techniques but also describe contemporary trends in gettering technologies from an international perspective. The types and properties of structural defects in semiconductors, their generating and their transforming mechanisms during fabrication are described. The primary emphasis is placed on classifying and describing specific gettering techniques, their specificity arising from both their position in a general technological process and the regimes of their application. This book addresses both engineers and material scientists interested in semiconducting materials theory and also undergraduate and graduate students in solid–state microelectronics and nanoelectronics. A comprehensive list of references provides readers with direction for further reading.
