الصفحة 1
الصفحة 1
Oncogenes Meet Metabolism : From Deregulated Genes to a Broader Understanding of Tumour Physiology
In 1920s, Otto Warburg described the phenomenon of ‘aerobic glycolysis’, the ability of tumour cells to convert glucose to lactate in the presence of normal oxygen conditions. Warburg’s hypothesis of an altered metabolism in cancer cells found no immediate acceptance, though it was latter confirmed for most human tumours. With the advent of molecular biology the focus in tumour research has shifted towards the search for oncogenes. However, the interest in cancer molecular profiling eventually led to a renaissance of the Warburg effect trying to combine genetic alterations with effects on metabolism with the help of modern analytic technologies to rapidly analyze broad varieties of metabolites in various tissues and bodyfluids (metabonomics).
Microbial Sulfur Metabolism
In nature, sulfur occurs in many different oxidation states and is one of the most versatile elements in life. It is an integral part of many important cell constituents, such as the amino acids cysteine and methionine, and many sulfur compounds serve as the basis for energy-related processes in prokaryotes. In recent years, new methods have been applied to study the biochemistry and molecular biology of reactions of the global sulfur cycle, the microorganisms involved and their physiology, metabolism and ecology. These activities have uncovered fascinating new insights for the understanding of aerobic and anaerobic sulfur metabolism.
Hydrogenosomes and Mitosomes : Mitochondria of Anaerobic Eukaryotes
"Hydrogenosomes and Mitosomes: Mitochondria of Anaerobic Eukaryotes" provides a summary of the current knowledge of these organelles, which occur in unicellular, often parasitic organisms, including human pathogens. The distribution of these organelles is broad, but they were detected primarily in an anoxic habitat or nutrient rich intracellular niche that permits life without the efficient energy generating system of typical mitochondria. Their common characteristic is that they lack the aerobic energy conservation system of typical mitochondria and that they are usually the site of the synthesis of iron-sulfur clusters, regarded as the only indispensable function of eukaryotic mitochondria.These mitochondria-related organelles exhibit a variety of structures and functions. This work describes properties such as protein import, structure, metabolism, adaptation, proteome and their role in drug activation and resistance. Further topics include the evolution and biogenesis of these organelles.
Exercise-induced acute renal failure : Acute renal failure with severe loin pain and Patchy renal Ischemia after anaerobic exercise
Acute renal failure induced by rhabdomyolysis after strenuous, prolonged exercise such as marathon running or mountain climbing is a well-known medical phenomenon, but exercise-induced acute renal failure after short-term anaerobic exercise - for instance, short-distance track races - has been recognized only recently. This monograph provides in-depth information on exercise-induced acute renal failure after short-term anaerobic exercise, which causes severe pain in the loin and patchy renal ischemia with no sign of rhabdomyolysis. Half of the patients suffering from this condition experience renal hypouricemia, for which approximately 20% are treated with dialysis. This book includes characteristics of the disease, diagnosis, treatment and prognosis, and corresponding preventive measures. Important information on gene analysis and etiology is also included, creating a valuable resource for nephrologists as well as for emergency physicians and those in the field of sports medicine.
Efficient Management of Wastewater : Its Treatment and Reuse in Water-Scarce Countries
The book highlights non-conventional solutions within the field of wastewater treatment and reuse predominantly for professionals and decision makers. It focuses on technologies like anaerobic and extensive treatment of municipal, domestic wastewater and grey water which are reliable, sustainable, low cost and suitable for rural and sub urban areas. Additionally, particular innovative on site concepts are presented.
Clinical applications of botulinum toxin
Botulinum toxin (BoNT) is a neurotoxin produced by the Gram-positive, rod-shaped, sporeforming anaerobic bacterium Clostridium botulinum. Although there are seven major serotypes of Botulinum Neurotoxin (BoNT/A-G), only type A and B are used clinically. For the purpose of this research paper, we will refer to this agent as BoNT. This research paper primarily serves to provide a historical review of the toxin, assess its mechanism of action, and highlight the most common clinical applications of BoNT therapy across multiple medical specialties in an organized, specialty-based manner, including their complications and recommended BoNT dosages.
Biosolids treatment processes ; Vol.6
The past 30 years have seen the emergence of a growing desire worldwide to take positive actions to restore and protect the environment from the degrading effects of all forms of pollution: air, noise, solid waste, and water. The Handbook of Environmental Engineering series guides readers to answer the fundamental questions facing pollution in the modern era – How serious is pollution? Is the technology needed to abate it not only available, but feasible? Among the topics included in this, the sixth edition, are: biosolids, flotation thickening, anaerobic and aerobic digestion, pressurized ozonation, lime stabilization, elutriation and polymer conditioning, and animal waste treatment.
Aquaponics Food Production Systems : Combined Aquaculture and Hydroponic Production Technologies for the Future
This book, written by world experts in aquaponics and related technologies, provides the authoritative and comprehensive overview of the key aquaculture and hydroponic and other integrated systems, socio-economic and environmental aspects. Aquaponic systems, which combine aquaculture and vegetable food production offer alternative technology solutions for a world that is increasingly under stress through population growth, urbanisation, water shortages, land and soil degradation, environmental pollution, world hunger and climate change.
