الصفحة 80
الصفحة 80
Costs of air pollution control : Analyses of emission control options for ozone abatement strategies
This work derives strategies for developing useful EU policies aimed at the control of air pollutants in Europe, especially ground-level ozone. The author starts with the air-pollution status quo in the late 1990s, placing further impacts of photooxidant concentrations into perspective. Emission sources are then analysed in detail, and a likely scenario for a business-as-usual development in emissions is proposed. From the cost-benefit perspective, it is shown that a holistic, integrated evaluation of all air pollutants and their effects results in a full accounting that reflects synergies and hidden benefits. The modelling scheme identifies emission targets needed to achieve compliance with EU thresholds, and calculations reveal the need to review established ozone thresholds and emission limits, even after discounting the positive effects of including central and eastern European nations.
Cost-Efficient Design
This is the first English edition of an established work on cost-driven product design and development. It offers tried and tested methods for understanding, influencing and reducing product costs. The methodology and organization of cost management, as well as the effects on each type of cost are described. Using this knowledge the product developer can assume responsibility for costs. The numerous examples and detailed derivation of results provide the practical user with problem solutions and hints. Methods such as Target Costing and Simultaneous Engineering are discribed. Thus the book will also help the specialist who does not have the overview of the complex interrelationships in the enterprise. The work is also suited for students, as well as for practicing engineers.
Cost and Revenue Overruns of the Olympic Games 2000–2018
In this book evaluated the development of expenditure and revenues of the organizing committees to operate the event, and the investment of taxpayers’ money for Olympic venues (non‐OCOG budget). The study is based on data collected worldwide and is currently the most advanced study on cost and revenue changes of Olympic Games.
Cosmic Ray Interactions, Propagation, and Acceleration in Space Plasmas
"The book consists of four Chapters. Chapter 1 shortly describes main properties of space plasmas and primary CR, different types of CR interactions with space plasmas components Chapter 2 considers the problem of CR propagation in space plasmas described by the kinetic equation and different types of diffusion approximations ,Chapter 3 is devoted to CR non-linear effects in space plasmas caused by CR pressure and CR kinetic stream instabilities with the generation of Alfvèn turbulence In Chapter 4 different processes of CR acceleration in space plasmas are considered: the development of the Fermi statistical mechanism, acceleration in the turbulent plasma, Alfven mechanism of magnetic pumping, induction mechanisms, acceleration during magnetic collapse and compression, cumulative acceleration mechanism near the zero lines of a magnetic field, acceleration in shear flows, shock-wave diffusion (regular) acceleration. The book ends with a list providing more than 1,300 full references, a discussion on future developments and unsolved problems, as well as Object and Author indexes. "
Cosmetic creams development and formulation of effective skin care products
A guide to cosmetic creams that focuses on formulation, production, and safety concerns. It puts the focus on the structure and formulation of a cosmetic cream, the production process, the effect of each ingredient, as well as safety considerations. Comprehensive in scope, the book contains a basic definition of cosmetics and describes the types of skin creams currently on the market, the major ingredients used, and example compositions. The author, Wilfried Rähse?a noted expert on the topic?offers guidelines for estimating manufacturing costs and includes procedures for an effective safety assessment.
Cosmeceutical science in clinical practice
Cosmeceuticals – skin care products that fall between a cosmetic and a pharmaceutical, with active ingredients that counter skin aging and promote skin rejuvenation – are an invaluable adjunct to the cosmetic dermatologist or plastic surgeon performing minimally invasive aesthetic procedures. This guide from expert researchers and practitioners explains how best to integrate the potential of cosmeceutical products into the best international clinical practice, with new chapters to cover the very latest developments in this area.
Corrosion of Steel in Concrete : Understanding, Investigation and Repair
A guide for designing, constructing and maintaining reinforced concrete structures, such as buildings and bridges which are subject to reinforcement corrosion. It presents the basics of theory and practice in steel corrosion in concrete and reviews the latest research and developments, such as progress on measuring the corrosion threshold for chloride-induced corrosion.
Correlated Data Analysis : Modeling, Analytics, and Applications
Presents some recent developments in correlated data analysis. It utilizes the class of dispersion models as marginal components in the formulation of joint models for correlated data. This enables the book to handle a broader range of data types than those analyzed by traditional generalized linear models.
Corporate Sustainability in Practice : A guide for Strategy Development and Implementation
Building better organisations, with a clear sense of purpose, is a common challenge faced by many entrepreneurs and executives in industry. A fully integrated corporate sustainability strategy can help organisations to better manage risks, to win business opportunities and to ultimately strengthen reputation. Building on the experience of renowned strategists, sustainability, finance and academic experts, this book offers practical tools and approaches that can be used to develop and implement fully integrated corporate sustainability strategies.
Corporate Sustainability as a Challenge for Comprehensive Management
Sustainability has become a topic of global relevance: Corporations and other economically acting organizations increasingly need to realize economic, environmental and social objectives in order to survive. Supplementary to "classical" environmental management, realizing corporate sustainability requires comprehensive approaches which allow the integration of social and economic aspects. Such concepts can be found e.g. in international excellence models mainly based on a TQM thinking but also in the field of human factors in organizational design and management. Understood as systems approaches, they include the interests of all relevant stakeholders with a mid- or long-term time perspective and are thus highly linked with the principles of sustainable development. In this book internationally leading scientists discuss the issue of sustainability from their perspective, resulting in an innovative view on different management approaches under the umbrella of corporate sustainability.
Corporate Social Responsibility as an International Strategy
CSR, a concept aimed at determining the amount of responsibilities to be shouldered by private business toward stakeholder groups and society at large, deserves to be dealt with in considerable detail and not simply as another "PR fuzz" or marketing gag. As a model, CSR epitomises the old saying "business is business"; offering broader stakeholder management which can be seen as a competitive advantage. Increased financial performance and employee commitment are among the benefits the CSR model can offer corporations. This discussion presents practitioners and scholars with a unique examination of how firms can maximise productivity through the implementation of CSR programs.
Corporate Social Responsibility Across Europe
Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) has become an increasingly important topic in our global society. Corporate Social Responsibility Across Europe is the first volume of its kind to bring together twenty-three national perspectives on this issue. An overview and analysis is provided for each country. Topics addressed include business and societal mindsets in the different cultural settings, national drivers for the current development of CSR, and prospects for the individual countries in the future. Furthermore it contains three comprehensive pan-European analyses. The chapters also contain practical information and references to the Internet as well as relevant literature in order to support further research and stimulate business activities in this field. The result is a rather unique collection of essays on the topic of CSR across Europe.
Corporate Innovation Strategies : Corporate Social Responsibility and Shared Value Creation
Corporate social responsibility (CSR) is simply the maximization of a company's value over time, undertaken because, in the long run, social and environmental problems ultimately become financial problems. The justification for CSR is therefore associated with representing the nature and role of the company, as well as its purpose. Companies therefore regard CSR as a strategic investment that is part of a proactive, resilient, inclusive approach, based on the creation of shared value. This approach is capable of reducing negative societal impacts of their activities, or inducing positive impacts if they sustain a hybrid culture, all the while improving their competitive advantage. This book presents a theoretical development that analyzes the challenges of CSR strategies based on the creation of shared value.
Corporate financial accounting
This book clearly presents core financial accounting concepts within a meaningful business context, using engaging learning features that ensure a relevant, innovative learning experience. Updated content addresses the latest development and tools in corporate accounting today -- from using data analytics effectively to understanding the impact of discounts and sales in retail accounting. CNOWv2 online resources work with practice opportunities to ensure you understand and can apply key accounting principles.
Corporate finance and financial development : An emerging market perspective on a post-crisis world
This book addresses key issues in corporate finance and explores them from financial development and financial stability perspectives in emerging markets. Emerging economies are susceptible to rapidly changing financial sectors and products as well as financial upheavals. In this light, the growing interdependence of states and capital markets, and the risk of crises have an impact on the financing of firms.
Corporate Entrepreneurship and Venturing
The common theme in Corporate Entrepreneurship and Venturing is how and why corporate entrepreneurship and corporate venturing can contribute to innovation and strategic renewal in large established companies. In particular it explores ways to balance exploitation and exploration in established companies. The issue is how the locus of entrepreneurship affects the way corporate entrepreneurship addresses the exploitation/exploration challenge. One stream of research focuses on the entrepreneurial culture in large companies and how they can create an environment in which intrapreneurs (entrepreneurs within large companies) can blossom. In this view entrepreneurial initiatives can emerge throughout the organization and this type of entrepreneurship has been labelled as ‘dispersed corporate entrepreneurship’. Two related chapters fit into that stream of research. The other three chapters address the challenge of corporate venture capital programs. These programs have funds to invest in start-ups (external ventures) and the corporate parent want to benefit from the technology, new products or new competences developed in these start-ups. In this case they have separated the locus of entrepreneurship from the main line of business operations, which has been labelled ‘focused corporate entrepreneurship’. In this ‘focused corporate entrepreneurship’ stream the issue is not so much the motivational factors and supportive culture to entrepreneurial initiatives, but the creation and development of linkage mechanisms between the start-ups and the parent company in order to create new combinations based on competences from both the start-up and the parent company. Although the challenges in these two streams of literature are different, they both address the strategic issue of balancing exploitation and exploration.
Corporate Brand Design : Developing and Managing Brand Identity
Corporate Brand Design offers a unique and comprehensive exploration of the relationship between companies, their brand design and their stakeholders. The book begins its approach with a literature review, to provide an overview of current thinking on the subject and establish a theoretical framework. The following sections cover key stages during the corporate brand development process: brand signature design, its components and impact on brand reputation; website design and how it builds customer perception of the brand; corporate architecture design and the branding of space and place; brand experience design from a sensuality perspective. International case studies from a range of industries feature in each chapter to demonstrate how the theory translates to practice, alongside case questions to cement learning and definitions of the key constructs. By combining academic theory with practical case studies and examples, readers will gain a thorough understanding of the corporate brand design process and how it influences customer identification and loyalty to the brand. The book is a useful resource for advanced undergraduate and postgraduate students of strategic brand management, corporate brand design and visual identity, and marketing communications
Coronavirus therapeutics ; Vol. I : Basic science and therapy development
Provides the most comprehensive review on contemporary knowledge on the origin and structural biology and molecular aspects of Coronaviruses. This also describes the etiology and pathogeny and therapeutic targets including vaccine drug candidates against Coronaviruses in the light of current scientific knowledge. Using an integrative approach to the understanding of Coronaviruses structure, function and immunobiology, the contributors provide a synopsis of novel mechanisms by which Coronaviruses can be treated.
Coronavirus Replication and Reverse Genetics
This book contains information on virus genome structure, mechanism of replication and transcription, and the development of tools that make possible reverse genetic studies to understand virus-host interactions and the molecular basis of virus pathogenesis. The book also provides essential information for the development of classical and recombinant vaccines to control coronavirus infections.
Coronal Mass Ejections
This volume offers a comprehensive and integrated overview of our present knowledge and understanding of Coronal Mass Ejections (CMEs) and their descendants, Interplanetary CMEs (ICMEs). It results from a series of workshops held between 2000 and 2004. An international team of about sixty experimenters involved e.g. in the SOHO, ULYSSES, VOYAGER, PIONEER, HELIOS, WIND, IMP, and ACE missions, ground observers, and theoreticians worked jointly on interpreting the observations and developing new models for CME initiations, development, and interplanetary propagation. The book provides researchers active in space physics with an overview of the current understanding of CMEs and ICMEs, and their effects in the heliosphere. It also provides the advanced graduate student with introductory material on this active field of research.
