الصفحة 5
الصفحة 5
Sexual Reproduction in Animals and Plants
This book contains the proceedings of the International Symposium on the Mechanisms of Sexual Reproduction in Animals and Plants, where many plant and animal reproductive biologists gathered to discuss their recent progress in investigating the shared mechanisms and factors involved in sexual reproduction. This now is the first book that reviews recent progress in almost all fields of plant and animal fertilization. It was recently reported that the self-sterile mechanism of a hermaphroditic marine invertebrate (ascidian) is very similar to the self-incompatibility system in flowering plants. It was also found that a male factor expressed in the sperm cells of flowering plants is involved in gamete fusion not only of plants but also of animals and parasites. These discoveries have led to the consideration that the core mechanisms or factors involved in sexual reproduction may be shared by animals, plants and unicellular organisms.
Semaphorins : Receptor and Intracellular Signaling Mechanisms
This book details our progress in understanding the receptor and intracellular signaling mechanisms utilized by semaphorins. The comprehensive overview of semaphorin biology and signaling presented in this book allows one to compare semaphorin functions between different biological systems.
Self-Incompatibility in Flowering Plants : Evolution, Diversity, and Mechanisms
Great progress has been made in our understanding of pollen-pistil interactions and self-incompatibility (SI) in flowering plants in the last few decades. This book covers a broad spectrum of research into SI, with accounts by internationally renowned scientists. It comprises two sections: Evolution and Population Genetics of SI / Molecular and Cell Biology of SI Systems / The reader will gain an insight into the diversity and complexity of these polymorphic cell-cell recognition and rejection systems. Heteromorphic and homomorphic SI systems and our current understanding of the evolution and phylogeny of these systems, based on the most recent molecular sequence data, are covered. Further, the book presents major advances in our knowledge of the pistil and pollen S-determinants and other unlinked components involved in SI, as well as the apparently diverse cellular regulatory mechanisms utilised to ensure inhibition of "self" pollen.
Selenium : Its Molecular Biology and Role in Human Health
Selenium is an essential trace element in the diet of humans and many other life forms. As discussed in this book, selenium plays an important role in preventing certain forms of cancer, heart disease and other cardiovascular and muscle disorders. Evidence points to numerous other health benefits including an indispensable function in development, male reproduction and the immune system. In addition, selenium serves as an antiviral agent and may delay the onset of AIDS in HIV positive patients and delay the aging process. This element occurs primarily in cellular proteins in the form of a novel amino acid selenocysteine. The emphasis of this book is on the current status of the molecular biology of selenium. The importance of this element in human health is also highlighted.
Selected Topics in Cancer Modeling : Genesis, Evolution, Immune Competition, and Therapy
A major challenge in the modeling and simulation of tumor growth is the mathematical description of living matter, which is far more complex than a mathematical description of inert matter. One critical piece of this challenge is creating multiscale models that take into account subcellular, cellular, and macroscopic levels of cancer. The complexity of these different levels requires the development of new mathematical methods and ideas, which are examined in this work. Written by first-rate researchers in the field of mathematical biology, this collection of selected chapters offers a comprehensive overview of state-of-the-art mathematical methods and tools for modeling and analyzing cancer phenomena.
Ryanodine Receptors : Structure, function and dysfunction in clinical disease
In recent years, the ryanodine receptor has emerged as a new and very promising target for the treatment of several cardiovascular disorders, including cardiac arrhythmias and heart failure. This volume is the most current publication devoted to the major intracellular calcium-release channel, the ryanodine receptor. "In this series of brief but informative chapters, the contributions progress from the basic gene family and primary structure, through its 3D structure so far, to its regulation and physiology."
Role of Apoptosis in Infection
This mechanism of programmed cell death plays an important role in normal development and control of cell numbers in mature animals. Initiation of the apoptotic process can come from external or internal stimuli and is highly regulated both by molecules that facilitate and by molecules that inhibit the process. It can be envisioned that apoptosis as a response to an intracellular pathogen is a useful way for the host to eliminate infected cells, decreasing the likelihood of spread of the infection to neighboring cells and preventing pathogen persistence. Alternatively, the apoptotic response may be a major mechanism by which the host is harmed by a pathogen.
RNA Editing
The term "RNA editing" describes a diverse set of biochemical processes whereby genetic information is modulated on a post-transcriptional level i.e. on the level of ribonucleic acids (RNA). RNA editing has been demonstrated in viruses, protozoan organisms, in plants and in mammals and in many cases it has been identified as a key step in the regulation of gene expression. This book dedicates a chapter to each of the main types of RNA editing. All sections are written by experts in the various research areas and a specific focus is put on the correlation between RNA structure and function, as well as on the complex cellular machineries that catalyze the different editing reactions. This leads to a "state of the art" compendium of our current knowledge on RNA editing.
RNA based therapeutics
The development of therapeutics to treat human disease has always been a major goal for biomedical research and innovation. Nevertheless, the complexity of the majority of human diseases poses an important and difficult obstacle to overcome. Moreover, the genetic contribution to these conditions complicates the targeting of endogenous and normal processes of cellular functioning, such as transcription and translation...
RNA analysis : Methods and protocols
Explores the latest technologies for RNA analysis, covering fundamental techniques and innovative approaches that expand our understanding of RNA biology. The chapters in this book are organized into four parts: reverse transcription and RNA capture methods; high-throughput sequencing methods; RNA maturation: splicing, polyadenylation, and epitranscriptomic modifications; and RNA surveillance: nonsense-mediated mRNA decay. These chapters aim to provide detailed protocols for select techniques used by molecular and computational biologists to isolate, amplify, detect, modify, and analyze RNA to gain insight into a wide range of cellular functions. Written in the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology series format, chapters include introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible laboratory protocols, and tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls.
Rise and Fall of Epithelial Phenotype: Concepts of Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition
Epithelial phenotype is a dynamic stage of differentiation that can be modulated during several physiological or pathological events. The rapid conversion to a mesenchymal-like phenotype is called an epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). The Rise and Fall of Epithelial Phenotype is the first book to comprehensively introduce the concept of EMT. The first part of this volume describes main examples and models and explains their physiological relevance. These examples include hydra morphogenesis, gastrulation in mouse, drosophila and sea urchin, as well as neural crest cell migration and heart morphogenesis in vertebrates. Part two reviews in detail, specific EMT molecular pathways covering extracellular induction, transduction and transcription response and modulation of cell-cell adhesion structures. It emphasizes new specific pathways with potential medical applications. EMTs can also be linked to pathological events such as wound healing and cancer progression.
Rice Biology in the Genomics Era
There are few more emotive, or important, crops in the world than rice - the staple food for a huge proportion of the world's population. This volume presents the latest results of research in crop improvement as well as in molecular and cellular activities in rice.
Reviews of Physiology, Biochemistry and Pharmacology
Virus proliferation depends on the successful recruitment of host cellular components for their own replication, protein synthesis, and virion assembly. In the course of virus particle production a large number of proteins are synthesized in a relatively short time, whereby protein folding can become a limiting step. Most viruses therefore need cellular chaperones during their life cycle. In addition to their own protein folding problems viruses need to interfere with cellular processes such as signal transduction, cell cycle regulation and induction of apoptosis in order to create a favorable environment for their proliferation and to avoid premature cell death. Chaperones are involved in the control of these cellular processes and some viruses reprogram their host cell by interacting with them. Hsp70 chaperones, as central components of the cellular chaperone network, are frequently recruited by viruses. This review focuses on the function of Hsp70 chaperones at the different stages of the viral life cycle emphasizing mechanistic aspects
Reviews and Protocols in DT40 Research : Subcellular Biochemistry
If this model system is going to flourish over the next 15 years, it will be thanks to ingenious and original researchers. They may feel as if they work outside the mainstream, but they can take heart by the fact that only the clever exploitation of diversity and conservation makes biological research both elegant and rewarding. It is with this in mind that the DT40 handbook has been conceived and written. This book provides an up to date overview of the different facets of research, and also intends to help newcomers get started and avoid looming pitfalls. The collection of protocols which have been kindly provided by a number of laboratories will be particularly useful in this regard.
Reversible Computation; 13th International Conference, RC 2021, Virtual Event, July 7–8, 2021, Proceedings
This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 13th International Conference on Reversible Computation, RC 2021, which was held online during July 7-8, 2021. The 11 papers included in this book were carefully reviewed and selected from 21 submissions. The book also contains 2 invited talks in full-paper length, 3 work-in-progress papers and 1 tool paper. They were organized in topical sections named: programming and programming languages; reversible concurrent computation; theory and foundations; and circuit synthesis.
Retrotransposition, Diversity and the Brain
The book results from a fascinating and stimulating exchange of ideas at the interface of the complexity of brain organization and function, the mechanisms for generating diversity and genetic mobility. This meeting of leading geneticists, molecular biologists and neuroscientists was organized by the Fondation IPSEN. Its ambitious goal was to expand the current limits of research in neurobiology not only to the benefit of those interested in the cellular and molecular processes but also for the understanding of high-level cognitive functions and the understanding of complex mental diseases. The reader can judge how far the book achieves this.
Retinal Degenerative Diseases
Retinal Degenerations is the result of the International Symposium on Retinal degeneration which has become perhaps the most important research meeting in the field. THe topics in this volume explore the etiology, cellular mechanisms, epidemiology, genetics, models and potential therapeutic measures for the blinding diseases of retinitis pigmentosa and age-related macular degeneration.
Regulation of Gene Expression in the Tumor Environment : Regulation of melanoma progression by the microenvironment: the roles of PAR-1 and PAFR
It is now becoming very clear that the development and progression of tumor towards the malignant (metastatic) phenotype depends tightly on the interaction between the tumor cells and the tumor microenvironment. Tumor cells respond to stimuli generated within the tumor microenvironment for their growth advantage while the tumor cell themselves reshape and remodel the architecture and function of their extracellular matrices. The term tumor microenvironment is a wide umbrella consisting of stromal cells such as fibroblasts and endothelial cells and infiltration immune cells including T and B cells, macrophages, and other inflammatory cells (PMNs). These different components of the tumor microenvironment could have stimulatory and inhibitory effects on tumor progression by regulating the gene expression repertoire within the tumor cells on one hand and the stroma cells on the other. In this volume we have seven contributors who will discuss several different aspects on the cross talk within the tumor microenvironment components leading to the acquisition of the metastatic phenotype. It is our hope that these state-of-the-art studies will shed further light on our understanding of these complicated processes.
Regenerative Dentistry
Dental caries, periodontitis, tooth loss, and bone resorption are considered prevalent health problems that have direct affect on the quality of life. While, advances in stem cell biology and biotechnology have sparked hope for devastating maladies, such as diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, etc., it also provides a strategy of regenerative therapy for dental tissues. From the prospective of tissue engineering, it is of utmost importance to understand and emulate the complex cell interactions that make up a tissue or organ. Unlike other tissues in the body, dental tissues are unique in their development, function, and even in their maintenance throughout life. The harmonized stimulations of biology and mechanical regulators to promote cellular activities have matured our understanding of the value of regenerative therapy of dental tissue versus the reparative treatment.
Recombination and Meiosis : Models, Means, and Evolution
this book features two comprehensive treatises of enzymes involved in meiotic recombination, as well as the historical conceptualization of meiotic phenomena from genetical experiments. More specifically, these mechanisms are addressed in yeasts as unicellular model eukaryotes. Furthermore, evolutionary subjects related to meiosis are treated.
