الصفحة 32
الصفحة 32
Parameter Setting in Evolutionary Algorithms
One of the main difficulties of applying an evolutionary algorithm (or, as a matter of fact, any heuristic method) to a given problem is to decide on an appropriate set of parameter values. Typically these are specified before the algorithm is run and include population size, selection rate, operator probabilities, not to mention the representation and the operators themselves. This book gives the reader a solid perspective on the different approaches that have been proposed to automate control of these parameters as well as understanding their interactions. The book covers a broad area of evolutionary computation, including genetic algorithms, evolution strategies, genetic programming, estimation of distribution algorithms, and also discusses the issues of specific parameters used in parallel implementations, multi-objective evolutionary algorithms, and practical consideration for real-world applications. It is a recommended read for researchers and practitioners of evolutionary computation and heuristic methods.
Parallel Problem Solving from Nature - PPSN IX ; 9th International Conference, Reykjavik, Iceland, September 9-13, 2006, Proceedings
We received 255 paper submissions this year. After an extensive peer review process involving more than 1000 reviews, the programme committee selected the top 106 papers for inclusion in this volume and, of course, for presentation at the conference. This represents an acceptance rate of 42%. The papers included in this volume cover a wide range of topics, from e- lutionary computation to swarm intelligence and from bio-inspired computing to real-world applications. They represent some of the latest and best research in evolutionary and natural computation. Following the PPSN tradition, all - pers at PPSN IX were presented as posters. There were 7 sessions: each session consisting of around 15 papers. For each session, we covered as wide a range of topics as possible so that participants with di?erent interests could ?nd some relevant papers in every session.
Paperhive = خلية الأبحاث
In the vast expanse of academic exploration, PaperHive emerges as a sophisticated guiding tool tailored to support academic researchers in their scholarly pursuits. Its purpose is to empower researchers through the intricate lookout for relevant literature and assist them in various writing activities. PaperHive, combines the power of Semantic Scholar and cutting-edge AI technologies to seamlessly navigate the realm of literature exploration and provide the most efficient research experience. To ensure maximum accessibility, PaperHive provides both a mobile application and a website, allowing users to seamlessly browse and conduct research on the go. The platform’s recommendation system offers personalized recommendations based on user interests and paper selection, guiding researchers to the most valuable and relevant sources of information.Moreover, the integrated paraphrasing system produces diverse and accurate paraphrases of short paragraphs with a ROUGE-1 score of 49.46 and a BLEU-1 score of 48.64, enabling efficient and effective communication of research findings. PaperHive also offers a visual representation of the research landscape, aiding users in navigating and gaining a comprehensive understanding of related work.
Oxidative Stress and Neuroprotection
This book deals with basic and clinical aspects of monoamine oxidase (MAO) subtypes A and B highlighting its importance in neurological and psychiatric diseases. Consequently the therapeutic actions of MAO-A and -B inhibitors in Parkinson’s disease (PK) and depression are the focus of several chapters. As MAO is the basis of the development of the "oxidative stress hypothesis" of PD, several chapters are devoted to iron and iron-induced oxidative stress in various experimental studies and clinical conditions. Based on these findings, new compounds have been developed which not only block MAO, but are in addition, either inhibitors of acetylcholine esterase or have iron chelating properties. The aspect of "preclinical" and "clinical" neuro protection as well as MAO neuroprotection are additional topics covered in this book. MAO, iron and neuroprotection are seen in the framework of general anti Parkinson’s therapy with chapters on levodopa, dopaminergic receptor agonists and clinical issues.
Outsourcing to India : A Legal Handbook
For the benefits offered by outsourcing and offshoring, organisations outsourcing to India must however recognise that there are real risks involved, and allocating such risk through a well constructed contract is a crucial step in minimizing such risk. As is the case with respect to any material agreement, the structure of an outsourcing agreement is important because it embodies the rights, remedies, duties and obligations of the parties and provides a blueprint for the parties' relationship.
Outer Magnetospheric Boundaries : Cluster Results
When the stream of plasma emitted from the Sun (the solar wind) encounters Earth's magnetic field, it slows down and flows around it, leaving behind a cavity, the magnetosphere. The magnetopause is the surface that separates the solar wind on the outside from the Earth's magnetic field on the inside. Because the solar wind moves at supersonic speed, a bow shock must form ahead of the magnetopause that acts to slow the solar wind to subsonic speeds. Magnetopause, bow shock and their environs are rich in exciting processes in collisionless plasmas, such as shock formation, magnetic reconnection, particle acceleration and wave-particle interactions. They are interesting in their own right, as part of Earth's environment, but also because they are prototypes of similar structures and phenomena that are ubiquitous in the universe, having the unique advantage that they are accessible to in situ measurements. The boundaries of the magnetosphere have been the target of direct in-situ measurements since the beginning of the space age. But because they are constantly moving, changing their orientation, and undergoing evolution, the interpretation of single-spacecraft measurements has been plagued by the fundamental inability of a single observer to unambiguously distinguish spatial from temporal changes. The boundaries are thus a prime target for the study by a closely spaced fleet of spacecraft. Thus the Cluster mission, with its four spacecraft in a three-dimensional configuration at variable separation distances, represents a giant step forward. The present 20th volume of the ISSI Space Science Series represents the first synthesis of the exciting new results obtained in the first few years of the Cluster mission.
Orthodontic-surgical partnership in cleft lip and palate treatment: achieving good occlusion, facial aesthetics, speech and psychosocial development
Reviews different treatment options for Cleft Lip and Palate problems emphasizing the cooperation between the areas of Orthodontics and Surgery. After an introduction to variations in cleft types, different CLP treatment plans are introduced and reviewed. The book represents some of the oldest and most thorough longitudinal documentation of cleft lip palate treatment.
Orthodontics : Diagnosis and Management of Malocclusion and Dentofacial Deformities
Covers the entire panorama of science and clinical practice of orthodontics, compiled in 80 chapters and further organised into 18 sections. The content is extensive, in-depth and supported with updated references. The book is a complete resource for orthodontic educators to derive lectures. The clinical chapters are complemented with real-life scenarios and representative case reports. A special effort has been made to include structured information on the subjects of clinical and academic relevance, which are often discussed but found only in journals.
Organometallic Oxidation Catalysis
Eighty per cent of all compounds produced in the chemical and pharmaceutical industries require at least one essential catalytic step during their synthesis. At the same time the use of hydrocarbons as a feed-stock for commodity and fine chemicals typically requires an oxidation step, which is usually mediated by a transition metal compound. Consequently oxidation catalysis is a major research field in chemistry, both in academia and in industry. In many such processes, species with metal-carbon bonds are formed as key intermediates, and these processes represent the primary focus of this volume. An important aspect covered by some of the expert contributors is the use of organic ligands - and thus organometallic complex metal fragments - to achieve efficient oxidation catalysis.
Oral Surgery
This book is intended as a practical guide for various surgical procedures in the form of an atlas, the focus is on the excellent illustrations. … The author succeeds by providing excellent step-by-step, high quality illustrations and keeping the theory concise.
Oral Health and Aging
Provides a comprehensive review of the assessment and management of older people’s oral health care needs. Discussing recent initiatives to emphasize oral health promotion and prevention, the book describes improvements in pharmacological and non-pharmacological approaches for special populations in geriatrics and illuminates the role of barriers to oral health care for older people. Divided into three sections, the book first explores aging and oral health, including age-related changes, epidemiology, nutrition, dysphagia, aspiration pneumonia, xerostomia and hyposalivation, management of periodontal disease and caries, systemic diseases that influence oral health, and considerations for chronic orofacial pain. The second section illuminates the ways in which frailty and other geriatric syndromes influence oral health care in older adults with a special focus on frailty, dementia, delirium and depression, and the delivery of oral health care to vulnerable geriatric populations in long-term care, home care, palliative care, and hospice.
Oral and maxillofacial surgery for the Medically Compromised Patient : A Guide to Management and Care
A detailed guide to the identification and appropriate management of patients who represent a high risk when performing oral and maxillofacial surgery or the complex procedures that are increasingly attempted by general dental practitioners. Emphasis is also placed on evaluation of the medically compromised patient for outpatient anesthesia.
Optimization and Control of Bilinear Systems : Theory, Algorithms, and Applications
The purpose of this book is to acquaint the reader with the developments in bilinear systems theory and its applications. Bilinear systems can be used to represent a wide range of physical, chemical, biological, and social systems, as well as manufacturing processes, which cannot be effectively modeled under the assumption of linearity. This book provides a unified approach for the identification and control of nonlinear complex objects that can be transformed into bilinear systems, with a focus on the control of open physical processes functioning in a non-equilibrium mode.
Optimal Stopping Rules
Although three decades have passed since first publication of this book reprinted now as a result of popular demand, the content remains up-to-date and interesting for many researchers as is shown by the many references to it in current publications. The "ground floor" of Optimal Stopping Theory was constructed by A.Wald in his sequential analysis in connection with the testing of statistical hypotheses by non-traditional (sequential) methods. It was later discovered that these methods have, in idea, a close connection to the general theory of stochastic optimization for random processes.
Optimal Control Models in Finance : A New Computational Approach
Optimal control models for corporate finance and the economy are presented in this book and the analytical and computational results of these models are also reported. Such computational approaches to the study of optimal corporate financing are not well known in the existing literature. This book develops a new computational method where switching times are considered as variables in the optimal dynamic financial model represented by a second order differential equation.
Optical Coherence Tomography : Technology and Applications
Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is the optical analog of ultrasound imaging and is emerging as a powerful imaging technique that enables non-invasive, in vivo, high resolution, cross-sectional imaging in biological tissue. A new generation OCT technology has now been developed, representing a quantum leap in resolution and speed, achieving in vivo optical biopsy, i.e. the visualization of tissue architectural morphology in situ and in real time. Functional extensions of OCT technology enable non-invasive, depth resolved functional assessment and imaging of tissue. These new techniques should not only improve image contrast, but should also enable the differentiation of pathologies via metabolic properties or functional state. The book introduces OCT technology and applications not only from an optical and technological viewpoint, but also from biomedical and clinical perspectives.
Operator Theory in Krein Spaces and Nonlinear Eigenvalue Problems
They deal with spectral and perturbation theory of linear operators in indefinite inner product spaces and their applications. The topics include extension theory of symmetric operators, normal operators, realization theory and models of generalized Nevanlinna functions, interpolation problems, reproducing kernel spaces, matrix and operator pencils, locally definitizable functions, and semigroups.
Operative Techniques in Laryngology
Fills a void that currently exists in otolaryngology textbooks: a comprehensive text on laryngeal surgery that can be used by physicians to prepare for surgical cases. It contains explicit step-by-step descriptions of surgical procedures such that the reader can “learn to operate”. The surgical atlas is written by well-known experts with step-by-step surgical maneuvers for various laryngeal procedures encompass both microlaryngeal surgery and laryngeal framework surgery. Postoperative care and complications are also covered to round out the information needed by the surgeon in the perioperative period. The atlas is richly illustrated with photographic representations of all surgical steps and superb artwork illustrations to highlight the difficult three-dimensional anatomic concepts.
Operative Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery
Represents a major advance with each chapter thoroughly revised and updated and relevant new topics added, such as robotics, laser resurfacing and face transplantation. Once again, the editors have selected renowned experts from around the world to author the chapters, ensuring that the book continues to reflect international best practices.
Operational Quantum Theory II : Relativistic Structures
Operational Quantum Theory II is a distinguished work on quantum theory at an advanced algebraic level. The classically oriented hierarchy with objects such as particles as the primary focus, and interactions of the objects as the secondary focus is reversed with the operational interactions as basic quantum structures. Quantum theory, specifically relativistic quantum field theory is developed the theory of Lie group and Lie algebra operations acting on both finite and infinite dimensional vector spaces. This book deals with the operational concepts of relativistic space time, the Lorentz and Poincaré group operations and their unitary representations, particularly the elementary articles. Also discussed are eigenvalues and invariants for non-compact operations in general as well as the harmonic analysis of noncompact nonabelian Lie groups and their homogeneous spaces. In addition to the operational formulation of the standard model of particle interactions, an attempt is made to understand the particle spectrum with the masses and coupling constants as the invariants and normalizations of a tangent representation structure of a an homogeneous space time model. Operational Quantum Theory II aims to understand more deeply on an operational basis what one is working with in relativistic quantum field theory, but also suggests new solutions to previously unsolved problems.
