الصفحة 29
الصفحة 29
Development and evaluation of setup strategies in printed circuit board assembly
The last decade has seen a rapid extension of electronic control devices for various types of technical products. In modern electronics manufacturing, highly automated assembly systems are used to mount the electronic components onto the printed circuit boards (PCBs). Maintaining high production flexibility in order to meet the desired product variety and, at the same time, achieving high utilization rates of the capital-intensive production equipment can only be achieved by applying highly sophisticated planning and control strategies for the operation of modern placement machines. Ihsan Onur Yilmaz develops a novel group setup strategy which integrates multiple problems of the PCB assembly, especially in a medium-variety production environment. At the core of his principle approach are the identification of similarities between different types of PCBs and the generation of PCB clusters upon which group setup strategies are based. The developed setup strategies are also innovative in the sense that they integrate the optimization of detailed machine operations. This integration has not been achieved in the classical approaches which primarily rely on statistical clustering techniques.
Designing Organizations : 21st Century Approaches
The design of organizations has been an ongoing concern of management theory and practice over the past several decades. Over this time, there has been little change in the fundamental theory, principles and concepts of Organization Design (OD). Recently organizational life has changed dramatically with the advent of: new communication systems, adaptive mechanisms, information technology, knowledge management systems, innovation processes and more. This book systemically examines these developments and their impact on OD with contributions from leading scholars in the area. Also featured in the book are the practical issues with implementing OD in organizations. The individual chapters are organized into five sections: (1) Putting Contingency Theory in its Place, (2) Focus on Individuals Who Make up the Organization, (3) Innovation Processes and Organization Design, (4) Adaptation and Technology, and (5) Design for Performance. Each chapter examines aspects of the book’s threefold theme: (1) core issues in organization design, (2) emerging theoretical perspectives in OD, and (3) new developments and directions in OD. A special feature of each chapter is: 1) implications for theory, and 2) implications for practice.
Designing Democracy : Ideas for Better Rules
While liberal democracies are the best systems of self-governance for societies, they rarely invoke great enthusiasm. On the one hand, democracies have been known to fail in achieving efficient or fair allocations. On the other hand, many citizens take the democratic system for granted as they have yet to experience an alternative. In this book the vision we propose is that the potential of democ racies has not yet been exhausted, and that optimal democracies are both the Utopia for societies and the aim that scientists should be committed to. We present a number of ideas for drawing up new rules to im prove the functioning of democracies. The book falls into two parts. The first part examines ways of combining incentive contracts with democratic elections. We suggest that a judicious combina tion of these two elements as a dual mechanism can alleviate a wide range of political failures, while at the same time adhering to the founding principles of democracies. The second part presents new rules for decision-making and agenda setting. Together with modern communication devices, these rules can sometimes transcend the limitations of liberal VI Preface democracies in achieving desirable outcomes. Examples of such rules include the flexible majority rule where the size of the ma jority required depends on the proposal, or the rule that only those belonging to the winning majority can be taxed.
Designing Balanced Scorecard for International Bank for Trade and Finance in Syria
The research team tested the availability of the dimensions of the balanced scorecard in the Syrian Trade and Finance Bank. We conducted questionnaires and financial analysis, and it was found that the components of a balanced scorecard are not available at the Bank of Trade and Finance in Syria.
Designing an All-Inclusive Democracy : Consensual Voting Procedures For Use in Parliaments, Councils and Committees
This book describes the voting procedures by which majority rule may be replaced by a more consensual system of governance. The book includes a foreword by Sir Michael Dummett and contributions by Elizabeth Meehan, Hannu Nurmi and Maurice Salles, among others.
Designed for Digital : How to Architect Your Business for Sustained Success
Designed for Digital offers practical advice on digital transformation, with examples that include Amazon, BNY Mellon, DBS Bank, LEGO, Philips, Schneider Electric, USAA, and many other global organizations. Drawing on five years of research and in-depth case studies, the book is an essential guide for companies that want to disrupt rather than be disrupted in the new digital landscape.
Design of Observational Studies
This book introduction to statistical inference in observational studies and a detailed discussion of the principles that guide the design of observational studies. An observational study is an empiric investigation of effects caused by treatments when randomized experimentation is unethical or infeasible. Observational studies are common in most fields that study the effects of treatments on people, including medicine, economics, epidemiology, education, psychology, political science and sociology. The quality and strength of evidence provided by an observational study is determined largely by its design. Design of Observational Studies is organized into five parts. Chapters 2, 3, and 5 of Part I cover concisely many of the ideas discussed in Rosenbaum’s Observational Studies. Part II discusses the practical aspects of using propensity scores and other tools to create a matched comparison that balances many covariates, and includes an updated chapter on matching in R. In Part III, the concept of design sensitivity is used to appraise the relative ability of competing designs to distinguish treatment effects from biases due to unmeasured covariates. Part IV discusses evidence factors and the computerized construction of more than one comparison group. Part V discusses planning the analysis of an observational study, with particular reference to Sir Ronald Fisher’s striking advice for observational studies: "make your theories elaborate."
Design Added Value : How Design Increases Value for Architects and Engineers
Enables architects, engineers, contractors and owner-clients of buildings to benefit from extraordinary design and construction features. It explains the rationale and motivation for D-AV methodology, outlines and illustrates this methodology with examples, provides complete and detailed examples of how the key analysis techniques work through historical case studies, and describes specific methods used in application of the D-AV methodology, such as Bayesian statistics, cost benefit analysis, pairwise comparison techniques, cognitive walkthroughs, and optimization.
Depression and globalization : The politics of mental health in the 21st century
In Depression and Globalization, Carl Walker analyzes the human cost of recent political and economic events as main contributors to the rise of depression, particularly in the U.S. and Britain.
Demographic Change in Germany : The Economic and Fiscal Consequences
Just as one might be inclined to thinkthat every thing about demographic change has been already said and heard, a new dimension opens up. In fact, this is what makes the topic so fascinating. There is nothing trivial any longer about children, families, age, and care. Europe is undergoing profound demo graphic change. Each generation of children is quantitatively smaller than that of their parents; the propor tion of children and adolescents among the population is becoming smaller and smaller, while that of the elde rlyi s growing inexorably. Fewer and fewer people are marrying; more and more marriages are failing. Manyar eas of our society are affected by this; just think about the challenges faced by the social security systems as a result of demographic ageing. Politi cians and society are forced to adju st todem ographic change. Many people in Europe are concerned about these changes and are looking to politicians and researchers for solutions. Predictions are never easy, especially not about the future.
Demographic Change and Intergenerational Justice : The Implementation of Long-Term Thinking in the Political Decision Making Process
The book deals with the complex relationship between intergenerational justice and demographic change and is characterized by its interdisciplinary approach. The authors come from a multitude of professional backgrounds and from several countries. This illustrates the implications of the demographic shift from many different perspectives. The book deals not only with the aspects of economic policy but also with environmental, societal and philosophical issues. The comprehensive volume is composed of five sections that pinpoint demographic trends, examine the impact of demographic changes on key indicators, investigate the relationship between key indicators and intergenerational justice, scrutinize population policies, and finally propose ways to implement long-term thinking on these issues.
Demand Planning : Processi, metodologie e modelli matematici per la gestione della domanda commerciale = Demand Planning : Processes, methodologies and mathematical models for managing commercial demand
Il libro Demand Planning analizza metodi quantitativi, modelli matematici e processi aziendali per la gestione e la pianificazione della domanda commerciale delle aziende, relativa ai prodotti ed ai servizi realizzati.
Defect-Oriented Testing for Nano-Metric CMOS VLSI Circuits
Failures of nano-metric technologies owing to defects and shrinking process tolerances give rise to significant challenges for IC testing. As the variation of fundamental parameters such as channel length, threshold voltage, thin oxide thickness and interconnect dimensions goes well beyond acceptable limits, new test methodologies and a deeper insight into the physics of defect-fault mappings are needed. In Defect-Oriented Testing for Nano-Metric CMOS VLSI Circuits state of the art of defect-oriented testing is presented from both a theoretical approach as well as from a practical point of view. Step-by-step handling of defect modeling, defect-oriented testing, yield modeling and its usage in common economics practices enables deeper understanding of concepts.
Deep Integration, Global Firms, and Technology Spillovers
This book explores the impact of deep regional economic integration on spillovers of knowledge and technology across countries. Deep integration through signing deep regional trade agreements (DRTAs), which cover various policy areas in addition to tariff reductions, may or may not facilitate technology spillovers among their signatories. To understand the mechanism of the impact of deep integration on technology spillovers, this book starts by analyzing the behavior of global firms. Factors that affect global firms’ activities, such as export, foreign direct investment (FDI), offshore outsourcing, are examined. Micro data on Japanese firms are employed for the analysis. Then, the relationships between bilateral trade patterns and technology spillovers and between types of FDI and technology spillovers are investigated in detail.
Deep Data Analytics for New Product Development
The benefits of reading this book are twofold. The first is an understanding of the stages of a new product development process from ideation through launching and tracking, each supported by information about customers. The second benefit is an understanding of the deep data analytics for extracting that information from data. These analytics, drawn from the statistics, econometrics, market research, and machine learning spaces, are developed in detail and illustrated at each stage of the process with simulated data. The stages of new product development and the supporting deep data analytics at each stage are not presented in isolation of each other, but are presented as a synergistic whole.
Decomposition Techniques in Mathematical Programming : Engineering and Science Applications
This textbook for students and practitioners presents a practical approach to decomposition techniques in optimization. It provides an appropriate blend of theoretical background and practical applications in engineering and science, which makes the book interesting for practitioners, as well as engineering, operations research and applied economics graduate and postgraduate students. "Decomposition Techniques in Mathematical Programming" is based on clarifying, illustrative and computational examples and applications from electrical, mechanical, energy and civil engineering as well as applied mathematics and economics. It addresses decomposition in linear programming, mixed-integer linear programming, nonlinear programming, and mixed-integer nonlinear programming, and provides rigorous decomposition algorithms as well as heuristic ones.
Decision Making with the Analytic Network Process: Economic, Political, Social and Technological Applications with Benefits, Opportunities, Costs and Risks
A selection of applications of ANP to economic, social and political decisions, and also to technological design. The chapters comprise contributions of scholars, consultants and people concerned about the outcome of certain important decisions who applied the Analytic Network Process to determine the best outcome for each decision from among several potential outcomes.
Decentralised Government in an Integrating World: Quantitative Studies for OECD Countries
The book offers a comprehensive empirical analysis of the determinants of changes in the distribution of expenditure and revenue-raising powers among fiscal tiers in OECD countries. Using a new indicator of fiscal decentralisation which accounts for subnational decision-making autonomy, common decentralisation trends are investigated.
Death in a consumer culture
Organised into five sections covering: The death industry; death rituals; death and consumption; death and the body; and alternate endings, The book explores topics from celebrity death tourism, pet and online memorialization; family history research, to alternatives to traditional corpse disposal methods and patient-assisted suicide. Work from scholars in history, religious studies, sociology, psychology, anthropology, and cultural studies sits alongside research in marketing and consumer culture.
Data-Driven Policy Impact Evaluation : How Access to Microdata is Transforming Policy Design
Provides statistical tools for evaluating the effects of public policies advocated by governments and public institutions. Experts from academia, national statistics offices and various research centers present modern econometric methods for an efficient data-driven policy evaluation and monitoring, assess the causal effects of policy measures and report on best practices of successful data management and usage. Topics include data confidentiality, data linkage, and national practices in policy areas such as public health, education and employment. It offers scholars as well as practitioners from public administrations, consultancy firms and nongovernmental organizations insights into counterfactual impact evaluation methods and the potential of data-based policy and program evaluation.
