الصفحة 13
الصفحة 13
Partial Differential Equations in Action : From Modelling to Theory
This book is designed as an advanced undergraduate or a first-year graduate course for students from various disciplines like applied mathematics, physics, engineering. The main purpose is on the one hand to train the students to appreciate the interplay between theory and modelling in problems arising in the applied sciences; on the other hand to give them a solid theoretical background for numerical methods, such as finite elements. Accordingly, this textbook is divided into two parts. The first one has a rather elementary character with the goal of developing and studying basic problems from the macro-areas of diffusion, propagation and transport, waves and vibrations. Ideas and connections with concrete aspects are emphasized whenever possible, in order to provide intuition and feeling for the subject. For this part, a knowledge of advanced calculus and ordinary differential equations is required.
Parsing Techniques : A Practical Guide
Presents new developments and discoveries: generalized deterministic parsing, linear-time substring parsing, parallel parsing, parsing as intersection, non-canonical methods, non-Chomsky systems, and many more.Parsing techniques provide a solid basis for compiler construction and linguistics, and contribute to all existing software: they enable Web browsers to analyze HTML pages and PostScript printers to analyze PostScript, and some of the more advanced techniques are used in code generation in compilers and in data compression.
Parathyroid Allotransplantation
The parathyroid glands are four nodular structures, typically located on the dorsum of the thyroid at each of its four poles. These glands monitor the serum calcium level and secrete parathyroid hormone (PTH) when it is low.[81] PTH is essential for maintaining calcium homeostasis. Thus, dysregulation of this hormone can lead to various pathologies
Parameterized and exact computation ; 3rd International Workshop, IWPEC 2008, Victoria, Canada, May 14-16, 2008. Proceedings
Constitutes the refereed proceedings of the Third International Workshop on Parameterized and Exact Computation, IWPEC 2008, held in Victoria, Canada ,The 17 revised full papers presented together with 3 invited lectures were carefully reviewed and selected from 32 submissions. The topics addressed cover research in all aspects of parameterized and exact computation and complexity, including but not limited to new techniques for the design and analysis of parameterized and exact algorithms, parameterized complexity theory, relationship between parameterized complexity and traditional complexity classifications, applications of parameterized computation, implementation and experiments, high-performance computing and fixed-parameter tractability.
Parameterized and Exact Computation ; 2nd International Workshop, IWPEC 2006, Zürich, Switzerland, September 13-15, 2006, Proceedin
IWPEC events are intended to cover research in all aspects of parameterizedand exact computation and complexity, including but not limited to new techniques for the design and analysis of parameterized and exact al- rithms, parameterized complexity theory, relationships between parameterized complexity and traditional complexity, applications of parameterized and exact computation, implementation issues and high-performance computing. A major goal is to disseminate the latest research results, including signi?cant work-- progress, and to identify, define and explore directions for future study. The papers accepted for presentation and printed in these proceedings rep- sent a diverse spectrum of the latest developments on parameterized and exact algorithm design, analysis, application and implementation.
Parameter Estimation in Stochastic Differential Equations
Parameter estimation in stochastic differential equations and stochastic partial differential equations is the science, art and technology of modelling complex phenomena and making beautiful decisions. The subject has attracted researchers from several areas of mathematics and other related fields like economics and finance. This volume presents the estimation of the unknown parameters in the corresponding continuous models based on continuous and discrete observations and examines extensively maximum likelihood, minimum contrast and Bayesian methods. Useful because of the current availability of high frequency data is the study of refined asymptotic properties of several estimators when the observation time length is large and the observation time interval is small. Also space time white noise driven models, useful for spatial data, and more sophisticated non-Markovian and non-semimartingale models like fractional diffusions that model the long memory phenomena are examined in this volume.
Parallel Computing Technologies ; 9th International Conference, PaCT 2007, Pereslavl-Zalessky, Russia, September 3-7, 2007, Proceedings
This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 9th International Conference on Parallel Computing Technologies, PaCT 2007, held in conjunction with the Russian-Taiwan symposium on Methods and Tools of Parallel Programming of Multicomputers.
Pancreatic Beta Cell in Health and Disease
The beta cells of the pancreatic islets of Langerhans are the only cells in the body that produce and secrete insulin. This metabolic hormone plays a central role in the maintenance of glucose homeostasis, regulating glucose uptake in muscle and adipose tissue as well as carbohydrate, fat, and protein metabolism in these tissues and the liver. This book provides a comprehensive up-to-date review of the beta cell in health and disease. Chapters address the architecture and pathology of normal and diabetic pancreatic islets, regulation of beta-cell proliferation and death, the potential of stem cells and extra-pancreatic tissues as beta-cell replacement therapies, insulin biosynthesis, regulation of insulin secretion including metabolic control, ion channels, gap junctions, cyclic AMP, incretins, and exocytosis, development of novel imaging techniques, and genetic disorders of the beta cell. A primary aim of the book is to encourage students and young basic and clinical investigators to become actively involved in diabetes research and the search for new approaches to prevent and treat diabetes.
Pairing-Based Cryptography - Pairing 2008 ; Second International Conference, Egham, UK, September 1-3, 2008. Proceedings
Constitutes the thoroughly refereed proceedings of the Second International Conference on Pairing-Based Cryptography, Pairing 2008, held in London, UK, in September 2008.The 20 full papers, presented together with the contributions resulting from 3 invited talks, were carefully reviewed and selected from 50 submissions. The contents are organized in topical sections on cryptography, mathematics, constructing pairing-friendly curves, implementation of pairings, and hardware implementation.
Orthogonal Polynomials and Special Functions : Computation and Applications
Containes seven chapters about the current state of orthogonal polynomials and special functions and gives a view on open problems and future directions. The topics are: computational methods and software for quadrature and approximation, equilibrium problems in logarithmic potential theory, discrete orthogonal polynomials and convergence of Krylov subspace methods in numerical linear algebra, orthogonal rational functions and matrix orthogonal rational functions, orthogonal polynomials in several variables (Jack polynomials) and separation of variables, a classification of finite families of orthogonal polynomials in Askey’s scheme using Leonard pairs, and non-linear special functions associated with the Painlevé equations.
Orthodontic Evidence : A Q&A Handbook
Questions-and-answers style, and each question is answered according to the hierarchy of evidence. At the end of each answer, an interpretation of the included systematic reviews, randomized clinical trials, or other studies is summarized and critically reviewed to give a better understanding of the evidence. It covers a wide range of clinical topics, such as the treatment of Class II and Class III malocclusion, molar distalization, impacted canines, maxillary expansion, and temporary anchorage devices. Valuable material is provided on root resorption, white spot lesions, and orthodontic retention.
Organic Waste Composting through Nexus Thinking : Practices, Policies, and Trends
This book starts with an introductory chapter that describes the need to bring the waste management aspects and soil nutrient management aspects of compost production into one integrated theme. The relevance of nexus thinking and the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) are also presented in this introduction.
Ordinal Optimization : Soft Optimization for Hard Problems
The purpose of this book is to address the difficulties of the optimization of complex systems via simulation models or other computation-intensive models involving possible stochastic effects and discrete choices. This book establishes distinct advantages of the "softer" ordinal approach for search-based type problems, analyzes its general properties, and shows the many orders of magnitude improvement in computational efficiency that is possible.
Optimizing HPC Applications with Intel® Cluster Tools : Hunting Petaflops
Optimizing HPC Applications with Intel® Cluster Tools takes the reader on a tour of the fast-growing area of high performance computing and the optimization of hybrid programs. These programs typically combine distributed memory and shared memory programming models and use the Message Passing Interface (MPI) and OpenMP for multi-threading to achieve the ultimate goal of high performance at low power consumption on enterprise-class workstations and compute clusters. The book focuses on optimization for clusters consisting of the Intel® Xeon processor, but the optimization methodologies also apply to the Intel® Xeon Phi™ coprocessor and heterogeneous clusters mixing both architectures.
Optimization in Medicine
This volume presents a wide range of medical applications that can utilize mathematical computing. Examples include using an algorithm for considering the seed reconstruction problem in brachytherapy and using optimization-classification models to assist in the early prediction, diagnosis and detection of diseases. Discrete optimization techniques and measures derived from the theory of nonlinear dynamics, with analysis of multi-electrode electroencephalographic (EEG) data, assist in predicting impending epileptic seizures. Mathematics in medicine can also be found in recent cancer research. Sophisticated mathematical models and optimization algorithms have been used to generate treatment plans for radionuclide implant and external beam radiation therapy. Optimization techniques have also been used to automate the planning process in Gamma Knife treatment, as well as to address a variety of medical image registration problems.
Optimization aided design : Reinforced concrete
Presents innovative optimization aided design methods for concrete structures. Mathematical optimization is applied to practical problems of structural concrete at each level: from external, through internal structure identification to cross-section design. It is shown how to design resource-efficient structures following the flux of forces, how to optimally adapt reinforcement layouts to the internal force flow, and how to efficiently cope with demanding cross-sectional design tasks such as biaxial bending.
Optimal Stopping and Free-Boundary Problems
The present monograph has the following particular aims: To present basic results (with proofs) of optimal stopping theory in both discrete and continuous time using both martingale and Mar- vian approaches; To select a seriesof concrete problems ofgeneral interest from the t- ory of probability, mathematical statistics, and mathematical ?nance that can be reformulated as problems of optimal stopping of stochastic processes and solved by reduction to free-boundary problems of real analysis (Stefan problems). The table of contents found below gives a clearer idea of the material included in the monograph. Credits and historical comments are given at the end of each chapter or section. The bibliography contains a material for further reading.
Operator Theory and Indefinite Inner Product Spaces : Presented on the Occasion of the Retirement of Heinz Langer in the Colloquium on Operator Theory, Vienna, March 2004
Includes abstract spectral theory in Krein spaces to more concrete applications, e.g., to boundary value problems, the study of orthogonal functions or moment problems. The book closes with a historical survey paper.
Operator Algebras, Toeplitz Operators and Related Topics
Features a collection of up-to-date research papers that study various aspects of general operator algebra theory and concrete classes of operators, including a range of applications.
Operational Semantics for Timed Systems : A Non-standard Approach to Uniform Modeling of Timed and Hybrid Systems
Dedicated to a novel approach for uniform modeling of timed and hybrid systems. The author introduces a time model that allows for both the description of discrete time steps and continuous processes with a discrete time model with infinitesimal step widths.The underlying mathematical structure of this time model is based on the concepts of non-standard analysis. The discrete modeling, i.e., the description of sequential discrete algorithms at different abstraction levels, is done using the abstract state machines formalism. The presentation is well balanced between theoretical elaboration and critical discussion of the applicability of the theoretical results by means of appropriate case studies. The new temporal semantics proposed helps theoreticians as well as practitioners in gaining a better understanding of time models and in building better ...
