الصفحة 12
الصفحة 12
Network Classification For Traffic Management : Anomaly detection, feature selection, clustering and classification
Investigates network traffic classification solutions by proposing transport-layer methods to achieve better run and operated enterprise-scale networks. With the massive increase of data and traffic on the Internet within the 5G, IoT and smart cities frameworks, current network classification and analysis techniques are falling short. Novel approaches using machine learning algorithms are needed to cope with and manage real-world network traffic, including supervised, semi-supervised, and unsupervised classification techniques. Accurate and effective classification of network traffic will lead to better quality of service and more secure and manageable networks. Investigates network traffic classification solutions by proposing transport-layer methods to achieve better run and operated enterprise-scale networks. The authors explore novel methods for enhancing network statistics at the transport layer, helping to identify optimal feature selection through a global optimization approach and providing automatic labelling for raw traffic through a SemTra framework to maintain provable privacy on information disclosure properties.
Network Analysis : Methodological Foundations
‘Network’ is a heavily overloaded term, so that ‘network analysis’ means different things to different people. Specific forms of network analysis are used in the study of diverse structures such as the Internet, interlocking directorates, transportation systems, epidemic spreading, metabolic pathways, the Web graph, electrical circuits, project plans, and so on. There is, however, a broad methodological foundation which is quickly becoming a prerequisite for researchers and practitioners working with network models. From a computer science perspective, network analysis is applied graph theory. Unlike standard graph theory books, the content of this book is organized according to methods for specific levels of analysis (element, group, network) rather than abstract concepts like paths, matchings, or spanning subgraphs. Its topics therefore range from vertex centrality to graph clustering and the evolution of scale-free networks. In 15 coherent chapters, this monograph-like tutorial book introduces and surveys the concepts and methods that drive network analysis, and is thus the first book to do so from a methodological perspective independent of specific application areas.
Negotiations with Asymmetrical Distribution of Power : Conclusions from Dispute Resolution in Network Industries
In many ways, complex negotiations shape the business arena of regulated network markets. In general, negotiating partners are not equal with regard to their various sources and instruments of power. This book unfolds a differentiated and, at the same time, applicable framework for analyzing and managing negotiations. It creatively combines power and negotiations theories. In addition, it illustrates the findings in a very inspiring way by investigating negotiation episodes in network industries such as telecommunications and railways. Thus, this book is highly relevant for all those wanting to better understand the complex political processes and outcomes in regulated industries, but also for those bearing practical responsibility in regulatory and government affairs and wanting to improve their management performance.
Nanotechnology ¿ Toxicological Issues and Environmental Safety and Environmental Safety
Nanotechnology is one of the fastest growing technological fields of the 21st century. Nanotechnologies will impact numerous industries, including daily consumer products, health care, energy, and transportation. However, the success of the emerging nanotechnology applications will depend on dynamic development of nanomaterial toxicology, risk and exposure assessment. Little is known about the potential adverse health and ecological effects of exposure to engineered nanomaterials, the main components of many nanotechnologies. Concerns are coming from the initial toxicological studies as well as the research and epidemiological reports on ultrafine particle toxicity. This book provides a summary of the state-of-art knowledge on nanomaterials and nanoparticles – toxicological issues; risk assessment and control measures.
Nanostructures : Fabrication and Analysis
The main theme of this book is the exploration the underlying physical laws that permit the fabrication of nanometer-scale structures. As researchers attempt to fabricate nanometer-scale structures which do not exist per se, they must still employ the natural laws to fabricate them through processes such as self-assembly. So it turns out that our techniques for fabrication of nanometer-scale structures are not artificial but actually rely on the natural laws. We even find that nanometer-scale structures, e.g. fullerenes, are fabricated in nature beneath the surface of the Earth. This fact may be called the ubiquity of the nanometer-scale structures. The topics presented in the book include: scanning probe-related and near-field techniques, nanolithography, self assembling and design of novel nanostructures, as well as new nanodevices and their application.
Nanoscale Phenomena : Basic Science to Device Applications
Nanotechnology is the result of the continuing technological trend toward device miniaturization and the characterization, manipulation, and fine control of structure and function at diminishing length scales. A large class of nanoscale materials can be stable even though they are far from the lowest-energy thermodynamic state, and many possess novel properties unattainable in bulk. These trends are supported by the increasing sophistication of characterization and fabrication tools such as the scanning tunneling microscope and the transmission electron microscope, which allow the resolution and manipulation of single atoms and molecules.
Nanoscale Assembly : Chemical Techniques
Recent advances have pushed the limits of lithography firmly into the sub-100 nm domain, with smallest feature sizes around 10 nm. However, compared to living organisms, devices fabricated using nanolithography are not nearly as complex, as they are essentially 2D and contain only a limited number of chemical elements. For centuries, Nature has been a major inspiration for science. First of all to learn how Life functions at cellular level, but increasingly, as a blueprint for designing non-natural devices where the building blocks and their assembly are inspired by biological examples. The key tool in translating these examples into the domain of engineering, has been self-assembly or self-organization. This book gathers a spectrum researchers who have not only furthered our knowledge of self-assembly using small molecules, polymers and colloidal particles as building blocks, but who have also shown it to be a practical tool in the assembly of an astonishing variety of devices, ranging from molecular electronics to biosensors.
Nanopharmaceuticals ; Vol.1 : Expectations and realities of multifunctional drug delivery systems
Reviews advances in the drug delivery field via nanovehicles or nanocarriers that offer benefits like targeted therapy and serves as a single dose magic bullet for multiple drug delivery with improved drug efficiency at a lower dose, transportation of the drug across physiological barriers as well as reduced drug-related toxicity. The chapters are written by a diverse group of international researchers from industry and academia. The series Expectations and Realities of Multifunctional Drug Delivery Systems examines the fabrication, optimization, biological aspects, regulatory and clinical success of wide range of drug delivery carriers. This series reviews multifunctionality and applications of drug delivery systems, industrial trends, regulatory challenges and in vivo success stories. Throughout the volumes discussions on diverse aspects of drug delivery carriers, such as clinical, engineering, and regulatory, facilitate insight sharing across expertise area and form a link for collaborations between industry-academic scientists and clinical researchers. Expectations and Realities of Multifunctional Drug Delivery Systems connects formulation scientists, regulatory experts, engineers, clinical experts and regulatory stake holders. The wide scope of the book ensures it as a valuable reference resource for researchers in both academia and the pharmaceutical industry who want to learn more about drug delivery systems.
Nanopharmaceuticals : Vol.3 : Principles and applications
Focuses on the recent advances of nanopharmaceuticals in cancer, dental, dermal and drug delivery applications and presents their safety, toxicity and therapeutic efficacy. The book also includes the transport phenomenon of nanomaterials and important pathways for drug delivery applications. It goes on to explain the toxicity of nanoparticles to different physiological systems and methods used to assess this for different organ systems using examples of in vivo systems.
Nanomaterials for Application in Medicine and Biology
This volume contains research reports presented during the NATO Advanced Research Workshop (ARW) “Materials for Application in Medicine and Biology” held in Bonn, Germany, from October 4 to 6, 2006 at the center of advanced european studies and research (caesar). The application of nanomaterials in medicine and biology can be understood as the gathering and use of our current knowledge on nanoscale features of b- logical systems in order to learn how to design nanodevices for biomedical uses.
NanoBiotechnology : BioInspired Devices and Materials of the Future
NanoBioTechnology: BioInspired Devices and Materials of the Future is a groundbreaking text that will assist scientists and students in learning the fundamentals and cutting-edge nature of this new and emerging science. Focusing on materials and building blocks for nanotechnology, leading scientists from around the world share their knowledge and expertise in this authoritative volume. The volume is broken into five sections. The first section presents an overview of nanotechnology and describes the many aspects of the field. Section 2 details biological materials serving as nanotemplates for bottom-up fabrication. Section 3 covers the use of biological macromolecules for electron transfer and computation. Section 4 presents a brief overview of the extensive and rapidly growing field of nanomedicine. Finally, Section 5 details de-novo designed structures and the various approaches different scientific groups take with molecular level training and language
Nano- and Micromaterials
The future focus of nanotechnology will be on realizing new functions over greater scales. This book describes the creation of nano- and microscale structures and functions by controlling temperature, light, pressure, or carrier injections. It covers novel nano-integration technologies such as quantum-well devices possilbe by utilizing, for example, the self-organization of surface nanostructures and optically or pressure-induced phase transitions, micro machines using microstereolithography, as well as new techniques of laser spectroscopy and new computational methods for estimating atomic and electronic structures and their functions on the nano- and microscales.
Multiphase Flow Dynamics 3 : Turbulence, Gas Absorption and Release, Diesel Fuel Properties
Volume 3 is devoted to selected Chapters of the multiphase fluid dynamics that are important for practical applications. The state of the art of the turbulence modeling in multiphase flows is presented. As introduction, some basics of the single-phase boundary layer theory including some important scales and flow oscillation characteristics in pipes and rod bundles are presented. Then the scales characterizing the dispersed flow systems are presented. The description of the turbulence is provided at different level of complexity: simple algebraic models for eddy viscosity, algebraic models based on the Boussinesq hypothesis, modification of the boundary layer share due to modification of the bulk turbulence, modification of the boundary layer share due to nucleate boiling. Then the role of the following forces on the matematical description of turbulent flows is discussed: the lift force, the lubrication force in the wall boundary layer, and the dispersion force.
Multi-objective Management in Freight Logistics : Increasing Capacity, Service Level and Safety with Optimization Algorithms
Multi-objective Management in Freight Logistics provides decision makers with new methods and tools to implement multi-objective optimization models in logistics. The book combines theoretical aspects with applications, showing the advantages and the drawbacks of adopting scalarization techniques, and when it is worthwhile to reduce the problem to a goal programming one. The book also shows applications where more than one decision maker evaluates the effectiveness of the logistic system and thus a multilevel programming approach is sought to attain meaningful solutions.
Multidisciplinary Scheduling : Theory and Applications ; 1st International Conference, MISTA '03 Nottingham, UK, 13-15 August 2003. Selected Papers
MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCHEDULING: Theory and Applications is a volume of nineteen reviewed papers that were selected from the sixty-seven papers presented during the First Multidisciplinary International Conference of Scheduling: Theory and Applications (MISTA). This is the initial volume of MISTA—the primary forum on interdisciplinary research on scheduling. Each paper in the volume has been rigorously reviewed and carefully copyedited to ensure the volume's readability. The book contains leading edge papers on the fundamentals of scheduling, multi-criteria objective scheduling, personnel scheduling, scheduling in space, scheduling the Internet, machine scheduling, bin packing, educational timetabling, sports scheduling, transport scheduling, aircraft scheduling, and heuristic and meta-heuristic scheduling
Mud and Mudstones : Introduction and Overview
Our book provides the first elementary overview of mud and mudstone written for a broad spectrum of professionals, teachers and students in geology, petroleum geology and engineering, urban planning and development, paleontology and paleoecology, and architecture and archaeology. Mud and mudstone provide the foundations to master all their aspects and prepares you to dig deeply into the many fascinating questions of their origin, relationships to earth history and practical uses. Key topics include the production of mud, its transport, the important role of bottom oxygen, sites of deposition, burial, provenance, mudstones in basins and an overview of practical uses followed by an appendix and extended glossary.
Moving Millions : Transport Strategies for Sustainable Development in Megacities
The Alliance for Global Sustainability is an international partnership among four of the leading scienti?c and technological universities worldwide: • The Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT-AGS); • The University of Tokyo (UT); • The Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH); and • The Chalmers University of Technology. Created in 1997, the AGS today brings together hundreds of university scientists, engineers, and social scientists to address complex issues that lie at the intersection of environmental, economic, and social policy goals. Since its inception, the AGS has promoted and supported multidisciplinary research teams drawn from its partner institutions. Working on critical issues in sustainability across several ?elds encompassing energy and climate, mobility, urban systems, water and agriculture, cleaner technologies, public policy, and communications, these teams have developed a signi?cant body of new knowledge.
Moment Analysis for Subsurface Hydrologic Applications
This book deals with the concept of moments, and how they find application in subsurface hydrologic problems-particularly those dealing with solute transport. This book will be very valuable to researchers who are beginning to learn about moment analysis, and will also be of interest to advanced researchers as well. Both temporal and spatial moments are dealt with in some detail for a wide variety of problems. Several examples using experimental data, both from laboratory columns and field experiments, are provided to give the readers a clear idea about the scope of this method. Apart from conventional uses of moments for solute transport problems, this book contains chapters dealing with use of moments in interval computing, vapour phase transport applications, transfer functions to subsurface tile drains, and construction of breakthrough curves from knowledge of moments.
Molecular microbiology of heavy metals
Molecular Microbiology of Heavy Metals includes chapters on allocation of metals in cells, metal transporter, storage and metalloregulatory proteins, cellular responses to metal ion stress, transcription of genes involved in metal ion homeostasis, uptake of essential metals, metal efflux and other detoxification mechanisms. Also discussed are metal bioreporters for the nanomolar range of concentration and tools to address the metallome. Chapters in the second part cover specific metals such as Fe, Mn, Cu, Ni, Co, Zn and Mo as key nutrient elements and Ag, As, Cd, Hg and Cr as toxic elements.
Molecular Chaperones in Health and Disease
Molecular chaperones are involved in a wide variety of essential cellular processes in living cells. A subset of molecular chaperones have been initially described as heat shock proteins protecting cells from stress damage by keeping cellular proteins in a folding competent state and preventing them from irreversible aggregation. Later it became obvious that molecular chaperones are also expressed constitutively in the cell and are involved in complex processes such as protein synthesis, intracellular protein transport, post-translational modification and secretion of proteins as well as receptor signalling. Hence, it is not surprising that molecular chaperones are implicated in the pathogenesis of many relevant diseases and could be regarded as potential pharmacological targets. Starting with the analysis of the mode of action of chaperones at the molecular, cellular and organismic level, this book will then describe specific aspects where modulation of chaperone action could be of pharmacological and therapeutic interest.
