الصفحة 1
الصفحة 1
Diabetic Kidney Disease
Presents the latest information on the clinical-pathological features of diabetic kidney disease. The data included is based on a cohort study of biopsy-proven diabetic nephropathy patients and nephrosclerosis patients, who were observed over a long term, and on the long-term registry for diabetic nephropathy (diabetic kidney disease) in Japan. It provides a clinical-pathological axis in clinical settings, including differential pathological/clinical diagnoses of CKD in diabetic patients (e.g. the presence of “classic” diabetic nephropathy and/or nephrosclerosis and/or other primary kidney diseases). The abundant biopsy specimens with long-term medical records provide a detailed pathological and clinical description. The book also includes urine-sample data for developing and validating possible candidates for novel biomarkers for diabetic kidney disease. Many countries, including Japan, have ageing populations, in which nephrosclerosis contributes to the progression of kidney lesions in patients with diabetic kidney disease. As such, a comparison of a diabetic nephropathy cohort with nephrosclerosis is indispensable to offer better treatments.
Diabetes Mellitus & Recent developments
Diabetes mellitus is a group of metabolic disease characterized by hyperglycemia resulting from defect in insulin secretion, insulin action, or both. Symptoms of marked hyperglycemia include polyuria, polydipsia, weight loss, sometimes with polyphagia, and blurred vision. Frequency of diabetic in the world About 1 in 11 adults worldwide now have diabetes mellitus, 90% of whom have type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Asia is a major area of the rapidly emerging T2DM global epidemic Classification Of Diabetic Mellitus. 1-Type 1 diabetes: which accounts for only5–10% of those with diabetes, results from a cellular-mediated autoimmune destruction of the cells of the pancreas. 2-Type 2 diabetes: which accounts for90 –95% of those with diabetes, result from insulin resistance. The chronic complications of diabetes mellitus affect many organ systems and are responsible for the majority of morbidity and mortality. Such as, retinopathy, diabetic foot, neuropathy, and nephropathy, sexual dysfunction, and skin changes.
Contrast Agent and Nephropathy
Diagnostic tests such as MRIs (magnetic resonance imaging), CT (Computed tomography) scans and angiograms are routinely used because they provide important information about many diseases or injuries and can help in diagnosis and treatment. In many cases, the use of a contrast dye is necessary to enhance these tests, but sometimes these dyes can either lead to kidney problems, or cause problems in patients with kidney disease. There are two rare but serious disorders associated with contrast dyes and the kidneys: contrast induced nephropathy (CIN) and nephrogenic systemic fibrosis (NSF).
Kidney Diseases
Kidney diseases is a “hidden epidemic” affecting 850 million people worldwide. It occurs when the kidneys become damaged and can’t perform their function. Damage may be caused by diabetes, high blood pressure, and various other chronic conditions. Kidney diseases can lead to other health problems, including weak bones, nerve damage, and malnutrition. There are two main types of kidney diseases: short-term (acute kidney failure) and lifelong (chronic kidney failure). If the diseases get worse over time, the kidneys may stop working completely. This means that dialysis will be required to perform the function of the kidneys or kidney transplant. Dialysis is a treatment that filters and purifies the blood using a machine. It can’t cure kidney diseases, but it can prolong the life.
Kidney complications & transplantation
Kidney diseases are worldwide public health problems with a high cost and increasing incidence. By revealing the genetic and cellular mechanism behind mammalian kidney development, better diagnostic methods and novel therapies can be expected to be developed. The mammalian kidney is a typical organ that develops on the basis of sequential and reciprocal cell and tissue interactions. Pyelonephritis, Glomerulonephritis, Kidney stones, Nephrotic syndrome, and Acute or chronic kidney failure are the most complications in the kidney kingdom, so that living kidney transplantation has become the preferred treatment for those patients who can’t have the powerful capacity of the kidney function, and here it has a very rejection risk in the first month and we can controlled in this situation with long term immunosuppressant therapy involved in the post-transplantation protocol.
Complement and Kidney Disease
It is evident that a defective or deregulated complement system results in kidney diseases. An important role of complement effector and regulatory proteins in pathological settings of the kidney has been demonstrated. A large panel of distinct human kidney diseases is caused by defective complement control. Genetic analyses have identified mutations in complement regulators that are associated with these diseases. Mutations have been identified in the fluid phase alternative pathway regulator Factor H and the membrane regulator Membrane Cofactor Protein MCP (CD46). The functional characterization of the mutant proteins allows to define the pathophysiological events on a molecular level. These new concepts and data on disease mechanisms allowed establishing new diagnostic and promising therapeutic approaches for several human kidney diseases. Molecular biology, clinics and therapy are discussed in this volume.
Chronic kidney disease and its complications and treatment
Our research focuses on the relationship of chronic diseases in the kidney and complications resulting from these diseases, as we focused on three chronic diseases that affect the kidneys by identifying hypertension disease and its genetic role in affecting the kidney and the relationship between the kidney and high blood pressure that affects the long term and leads to kidney failure and identifying the indicators that Indicates the kidney function in patients with hypertension, high potassium values, and its direct effect on renal function, and treatment measures for hypertensive patients who suffer from a kidney problem.
Alternative medicine and it's uses in the treatment of kidney disease
The aim of this article was to review some of the new and commonly and alternative medicine in the treatment of kidney used medicinal plants , pharmacological activity, and research study of disease, kidney stones medicinal plants. Renal stones are a common problem worldwide with rden substantial morbidities and economic costs. The high economic bu associated with kidney stones is linked mainly with healthcare costs. In vitro and in vivo studies on alternative treatment of kidney stones have been searched by using words such as phytotherapy of kidney stones,. lithotriptic activity of plantss, and medicinal plants used in kidney stone Medicinal plants may be useful in treatment of kidney stones.
