الصفحة 1
الصفحة 1
Zebrafish : Methods and protocols
Introduces new tools, models, and analytic insights that position the zebrafish even more strongly as an engine of discovery for developmental and disease biology. Beginning with a section exploring detailed methods for use of zebrafish to model a variety of human diseases, the book continues by illuminating the key ongoing role of the fish model in studies of the vertebrate nervous system, tools and approaches using zebrafish to study stem cell and regenerative biology, as well as techniques in genetics and genomics. Written for the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology series, chapters include introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step and readily reproducible laboratory protocols, as well as tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls.
Xylem : Methods and protocols
Provides detailed techniques used for the study and characterization of the plant vascular system, with a central focus on the xylem tissue. Chapters are organized in three main sections covering; analysis of xylem development, xylem characterization though imaging techniques, and analysis of the xylem composition. Written in the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology series format, chapters include introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible laboratory protocols, and key tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls.
Wound antiseptics in nosocomial infections
"Nosocomial" term is used for any disease acquired by patient under medical care. It is an infection acquired by patient during hospital stay. Recently, a new term, "healthcare associated infections" is used for the type of infections caused by prolonged hospital stay and it accounts for a major risk factor for serious health issues leading to death
Words, objects and events in economics : The making of economic theory
This book examines from a variety of perspectives the disappearance of moral content and ethical judgment from the models employed in the formulation of modern economic theory, and some of the papers contain important proposals about how moral judgment could be reintroduced in economic theory. The chapters collected in this volume result from the favorable reception of the first volume of the Virtues in Economics series and represent further contributions to the themes set out in that volume: (i) examining the philosophical and methodological fallacies of this turn in modern economic theory that the removal of the moral motivation of economic agents from modern economic theory has entailed; and (ii) proposing a return descriptive economics as the means with which the moral content of economic life could be restored in economic theory.
Wireless Systems and Mobility in Next Generation Internet ; 3rd International Workshop of the EURO-NGI Network of Excellence, Sitges, Spain, June 6-9, 2006, Revised Selected Papers
This book It covers WLAN characterization, vehicular networks, WLAN and sensor networks protocols, QoS and routing in ad-hoc networks, heterogeneous networks, resource management in cellular networks, TCP in wireless, and mobility agents.
Web Information Systems Engineering – WISE 2007 ; 8th International Conference on Web Information Systems Engineering, Nancy, France, December 3-7, 2007, Proceedings
Cover a wide and important va-riety of issues in Web information systems engineering such as querying; trust;caching and distribution; interfaces; events and information filtering; data extrac-tion; transformation and matching; ontologies; rewriting, routing and personal-ization; agents and mining; quality of services and management and modelling.
Web and communication technologies and internet-related social issues - HSI 2005 ; 3rd International Conference on Human-Society@Internet, Tokyo, Japan, July 27-29, 2005, Proceedings
The Internet has now become an integral part of everyday life for hundreds of millions of people around the world. However, the uses of the Internet have also had serious negative e?ects, - cluding spam, the spreading of viruses and worms, spyware, phishing, hacking, online fraud, invasions of privacy, etc.
Viruses in Foods
Cases of viral foodborne outbreaks are on the rise in part due to the increases in population, scarcity of clean water, and changes in eating habits. Outbreaks attributed to toxic, fungal, parasitic, and bacterial agents are very well known and characterized because we have known about these diseases for a long time and have developed appropriate methods to investigate and track them. Detection methods to investigate and track viral agents in food, with the exception of shellfish, have only recently begun to be developed. However, with the advent of molecular diagnostic methods, the role of viruses in foodborne disease outbreaks is beginning to be understood.
Virtual Systems and Multimedia ; 13th International Conference, VSMM 2007, Brisbane, Australia, September 23-26, 2007, Revised Selected Papers
Virtual Heritage, Applied Technologies and Virtual Environments. With a truly international flavor, these sub-themes covered the diverse areas of heritage site and artifact reconstruction and analysis, Australian Aboriginal cultural heritage, training, notions of spirituality, human – computer interaction in virtual environments, 3D modelling, remote collaboration and virtual agents. This made for rich, varied and lively conference session debates. Ninety-seven papers were submitted. Of these, 56 were accepted for inclusion in the general conference proceedings.
Viral Therapy
Virotherapy is a treatment using biotechnology to convert viruses into therapeutic agents by reprogramming viruses to treat diseases. There are three main branches of virotherapy: anti-cancer oncolytic viruses, viral vectors for gene therapy and viral immunotherapy. These branches utilize three different types of treatment methods: gene overexpression, gene knockout, and suicide gene delivery. Gene overexpression adds genetic sequences that compensate for low to zero levels of needed gene expression. Gene knockout utilizes RNA methods to silence or reduce expression of disease-causing genes. Suicide gene delivery introduces genetic sequences that induce an apoptotic response in cells, usually to kill cancerous growths. In a slightly different context, virotherapy can also refer more broadly to the use of viruses to treat certain medical conditions by killing pathogens like Bacteriophages that specialized to kill Bacteria without harming human cell.
Viral metagenomics : Methods and protocols
Expands on the previous edition with discussions about the latest viral metagenomics aspects covering a range of different specimens such as soil, freshwater, wastewater, fecal samples, blood plasma, clinical tissues, fungi, and herbarium samples. Chapters also look at different viral groups including archaeal viruses, eukaryotic viruses, phages, mycoviruses, and circular DNA viruses. Techniques required for studying the three viral metagenomic steps of samples processing, library construction, and analysis of data are also discussed. Written in the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology series format, chapters include introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible laboratory protocols, and tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls.
Verbal and Nonverbal Communication Behaviours ; COST Action 2102 International Workshop, Vietri sul Mare, Italy, March 29-31, 2007, Revised Selected and Invited Papers
This volume brings together the invited papers and selected participants’ contributions presented at the COST 2102 International Workshop on “Verbal and Nonverbal Communication Behaviours”, held in Vietri sul Mare, Italy, March 29–31, 2007. The main theme of the workshop was to discuss the fundamentals of verbal and nonverbal communication features and their relationships with the identification of a person, his/her socio-cultural background and personal traits.
Vaccine Design: Methods and Protocols ; Vol.2 : Vaccines for Veterinary Diseases
Guides readers through veterinary vaccines, vaccines for poultry, vaccines for farm animals, and vaccines for veterinary parasites. Written in the format of the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology series, each chapter includes an introduction to the topic, lists necessary materials and reagents, includes tips on troubleshooting and known pitfalls, and step-by-step, readily reproducible protocols.
Vaccine design : Methods and protocols ; Vol.1 : Vaccines for human diseases
Guides readers through an introductory section on future challenges for vaccinologists and the immunological mechanism of vaccines. Chapters focus on design of human vaccines for viral, bacterial, fungal, and parasitic diseases as well as tumor vaccines. Written in the format of the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology series, each chapter includes an introduction to the topic, lists necessary materials and reagents, includes tips on troubleshooting and known pitfalls, and step-by-step, readily reproducible protocols.
User Modeling 2005 ; 10th International Conference, UM 2005, Edinburgh, Scotland, UK, July 24-29, 2005, Proceedings
The book offers topical sections on adaptive hypermedia, affective computing, data mining for personalization and cross-recommendation, ITS and adaptive advice, modeling and recognizing human activity, multimodality and ubiquitous computing, recommender systems, student modeling, user modeling and interactive systems, and Web site navigation support.
Universal Artificial Intelligence : Sequential Decisions Based on Algorithmic Probability
This book presents sequential decision theory from a novel algorithmic information theory perspective. While the former is suited for active agents in known environments, the latter is suited for passive prediction in unknown environments. The book introduces these two well-known but very different ideas and removes the limitations by unifying them to one parameter-free theory of an optimal reinforcement learning agent embedded in an arbitrary unknown environment. Most if not all AI problems can easily be formulated within this theory, which reduces the conceptual problems to pure computational ones. Considered problem classes include sequence prediction, strategic games, function minimization, reinforcement and supervised learning. The discussion includes formal definitions of intelligence order relations, the horizon problem and relations to other approaches to AI.
Understanding Dental Caries : From Pathogenesis to Prevention and Therapy
Explains the biological background of dental caries and the formation of carious lesions, providing the reader with a sound basis for understanding the role and effectiveness of different therapeutic and preventive measures. Detailed information is presented on pathogenesis, ultrastructure, and diagnosis. All aspects of the carious process are covered, including development of the initial carious lesion limited to the enamel, evolution of the enamel carious lesion toward a dentin carious lesion, superficial and deep dentin lesions, and cervical erosions. Strategies for prevention and dental tissue regeneration are elaborated and both conventional therapies and minimally invasive and non-invasive treatment approaches are discussed. A separate section is devoted to dental fluorosis and the use of fluoridation and remineralisation agents. Thoroughly explains the biological background of dental caries / Presents detailed information on pathogenesis, ultrastructure, and diagnosis / Discusses the role and effectiveness of therapeutic and preventive measures
Uncertainty, Rationality, and Agency
This book is about Rational Agents, which can be humans, players in a game, software programs or institutions. Typically, such agents are uncertain about the state of affairs or the state of other agents, and under this partial information they have to decide on which action to take next. This book collects chapters that give formal accounts not only of Uncertainty, Rationality and Agency, but also of their interaction: what are rational criteria to accept certain beliefs, or to modify them; how can degrees of beliefs guide an agent in making decisions; why distinguish between practical and epistemic rationality when agents try to coordinate; what must be common beliefs between agents about each other's rationality in order to act rationally themselves; can an agent assign probabilities to planned actions; how to formalise assumptions about a rational speaker in a conversation obeying Gricean maxims.
Ultrasound of the Gastrointestinal Tract
Transabdominal ultrasound has become accepted in clinical practice as a primary imaging procedure in the diagnostic work-up and follow-up of various disorders of the gastrointestinal tract. This book provides a comprehensive overview of the use of ultrasound in the imaging of acute and chronic inflammatory conditions of the gastrointestinal tract as well as of neoplastic and infectious diseases. The specific ultrasound features of gastrointestinal disorders are explained, and the value and limits of ultrasound are discussed. Each chapter provides a description of the findings obtained with ultrasound imaging, with inclusion of alternative diagnostic imaging methods for comparative purposes. Specific technical developments and applications of ultrasound relevant to studies of the gastrointestinal tract, such as functional and 3D ultrasound, contrast agents and operative ultrasound, are also discussed.
Trusting Agents for Trusting Electronic Societies; Theory and Applications in HCI and E-Commerce
Draws together carefully revised papers on trust, reputation, and security in agent society. Besides workshop papers, several contributions from leading researchers in this interdisciplinary field were solicited to complete coverage of all relevant topics. The 13 papers presented take into account issues from multiagent systems, artificial intelligence, cognitive science, game theory, and social and organizational science. Theoretical topics are addressed as well as applications in human-computer interaction and e-commerce.
