الصفحة 91
الصفحة 91
Irreversible Phenomena : Ignitions, Combustion and Detonation Waves
Ideals are simple and able to be easily understood, but never exist in reality. In this book a theory based on the second law of thermodynamics and its applications are described. In thermodynamics there is a concept of an ideal gas which satisfies a mathematical formula PV = RT. This formula can appro- mately be applied to the real gas, so far as the gas has not an especially high pressure and low temperature. In connection with the second law of thermo- namics there is also a concept of reversible and irreversible processes. The reversible process is a phenomenon proceeding at an infinitely low velocity, while the irreversible process is that proceeding with a finite velocity. Such a process with an infinitely slow velocity can really never take place, and all processes observed are always irreversible, therefore, the reversible process is an ideal process, while the irreversible process is a real process.
Irreversible Decisions under Uncertainty : Optimal Stopping Made Easy
In real life, as well as in economic models, individuals often make decisions in an uncertain environment. In many cases, a problem which an optimizing agent faces can be formulated or reformulated as a problem of optimal timing of a certain irreversible or partially reversible action or optimal stopping problem. In this book, the authors present an alternative approach to optimal stopping problems. The basic ideas and techniques of the approach can be explained much simpler than the standard methods in the literature on optimal stopping problems. The monograph will teach the reader to apply the technique to many problems in economics and finance, including new ones. From the technical point of view, the method can be characterized as option pricing via the Wiener-Hopf factorization.
Iron Nutrition in Plants and Rhizospheric Microorganisms
This book uses an interdisciplinary approach to provide a comprehensive review on the status of iron nutrition in plants. International scientists discuss research on acquisition of iron by strategy I and strategy II plants. These reviews summarize a variety of plant species and include both laboratory and field observations. Topics covered in this book include: plants as a source of iron for animals and humans, iron translocation in the plants, iron-stimulated activities that influence crop yield and fruit tree productivity, iron uptake by plants as influenced by microorganisms (i.e. free living soil microorganisms, symbiotic nitrogen-fixing and pathogenic bacteria), the role of plant hormones in iron transport, iron-metal competition in phytoremediation, root zone activities involving interactions between minerals and organic matter, the role of microbial siderophores in rhizospheric iron cycling, iron storage as phytoferritin, proteomic and metabolic studies associated with iron stress response, methods for studying iron metabolism including stable isotopes, and the correction of iron deficiency through the use of synthetic or natural chelates.
Iron metabolism : Methods and protocols
Explores classical and cutting-edge methods optimized and validated to analyze various aspects of iron metabolism, from in vitro to multi-organ level. Opening with a section on basic iron metabolism methods, the book continues with methods applicable to a variety of systems, ranging from bacteria to cultured mammalian cells and tissues, with a focus on cellular heme and iron-sulfur cluster species, as well as mitochondrial iron and its derivatives. Written for the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology series, chapters include introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step and readily reproducible laboratory protocols, and tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls.
Iridescences : The Physical Colors of Insects
Biologists will find a clear and in-depth study of the different physical phenomena generating colors. It will constitute a boundless "biomimetical" inspiration for physicists and engineers, for if physics is simple, the combinations of effects and the structures involved are extremely complex and original.
IQ Calibration Techniques for CMOS Radio Tranceivers
There are a lot of factors that degrade the matching of gains and phases between I/Q signals: the instinct layout mismatch, the random mismatch of the devices, the different temperatures over the I/Q signal paths. IQ Calibration Techniques For CMOS Radio Transceivers describes a fully-analog compensation technique without baseband circuitry to control the calibration process. This book will use an 802.11g transceiver design as an example to give a detailed description on the I/Q gains and phases imbalance auto-calibration mechanism.
IPv6 in Practice: A Unixer's Guide to the Next Generation Internet
This book is a practical guide to IPv6 addressing Unix and network administrators with experience in TCP/IP(v4) but not necessarily any IPv6 knowledge. It focuses on reliable and efficient operation of IPv6 implementations available today rather than on protocol specifications. Consequently, it covers the essential concepts - using instructive and thoroughly tested examples - on how to configure, to administrate, and to debug IPv6 setups.
IP Traffic Theory and Performance
This book presents different approaches in IP traffic theory and classifies them, especially towards applications in the Internet. It comprises the state of the art in this area, which is currently presented only by numerous research papers and overview articles. The book provides an ideal starting point for detailed studies of traffic analysis in IP networks. It gives the reader the possibility to judge on different models and to select the appropriate for his individual needs in applications.
IP operations and management ; 8th IEEE International workshop, IPOM 2008, Samos Island, Greece, September 22-26, 2008. Proceedings
Constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 8th IEEE Workshop on IP Operations and Management, IPOM 2008, held on Samos Island, Greece, on September 22-26, 2008, as part of the 4th International Week on Management of Networks and Services, Manweek 2008. The 12 revised full papers presented in this volume were carefully reviewed and selected from 30 submissions. The papers are organized in topical sections on network anomaly detection; traffic engineering, protection, and recovery; network measurements and applications; and network management and security.
IP operations and management ; 7th IEEE International workshop, IPOM 2007 San José, USA, October 31 - November 2, 2007 Proceedings
This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 7th IEEE International Workshop on IP Operations and Management, IPOM 2007, held in the course of the 3rd International Week on Management of Networks and Services, Manweek 2007.
IP Networking over Next-Generation Satellite Systems ; International Workshop, Budapest, July 2007
Highlights the very latest research output of several EU satellite-related projects and addresses many unresolved issues in next-generation satellite systems, such as efficient deployment of IPv6 over satellites, working with WLAN and WiMax, QoS provisioning over multi-segment networks (including satellite networks), multicast networks and security.
IP Network-based Multi-agent Systems for Industrial Automation : Information Management, Condition Monitoring and Control of Power Systems
IP Network-based Multi-agent Systems for Industrial Automation is the first book to present an introduction to the use of the Internet protocol suite and multi-agent systems for the information management, online monitoring and control of distributed power system substations. An open architecture is proposed, in which mobile agents are applied to the retrieval and analysis of substation data, and to remote operator intervention. A prototype implementation of this architecture is also described, which has been demonstrated and evaluated using a substation simulator.
IoT-enabled Smart Healthcare Systems, Services and Applications
In IoT-Enabled Smart Healthcare Systems, Services and Applications, an accomplished team of researchers delivers an insightful and comprehensive exploration of the roles played by cutting-edge technologies in modern healthcare delivery. The distinguished editors have included resources from a diverse array of learned experts in the field that combine to create a broad examination of a rapidly developing field.
IOT glass tempering controller
The Internet of things (IoT) subject speaks to a thought for the electronic-mechanical arrangement of devices to detect and gather data from the encompassing environmental factors and a short time later share that data over the Internet where it will, in general, be arranged and utilized for various purposes. This project will show the use of Iot in the process of Harding glass to accomplish a well-tempered glass and solving the problem of arching glass which is caused because of the difference of the temperature in the upper and lower heat, Iot will help in monitoring and controlling the temperature through blynk program.
IOT control and surveillance system
An automated system is a combination of both software and hardware which is designed and programmed to work automatically without the need of any human operator to provide inputs and instructions for each operation. The Internet of Things (IoT) is a network of connected things. These ‘things’ (devices) communicate with each other using machine to machine communication (M2M). Information is traversed between devices so that processes can be automated, without the need for human intervention. By reducing the number of people involved in a business process, several advantages arise, including improved accuracy and up-time. We will build an IoT automated system to control access of humans and vehicles to a warehouse based on biometrics and image recognition techniques.
IoT and AI Technologies for Sustainable Living : A Practical Handbook
Brings together all the latest methodologies, tools and techniques related to the Internet of Things and Artificial Intelligence in a single volume to build insight into their use in sustainable living. The areas of application include agriculture, smart farming, healthcare, bioinformatics, self-diagnosis systems, body sensor networks, multimedia mining, and multimedia in forensics and security. Provides a comprehensive discussion of modeling and implementation in water resource optimization, recognizing pest patterns, traffic scheduling, web mining, cyber security and cyber forensics. It will help develop an understanding of the need for AI and IoT to have a sustainable era of human living. The tools covered include genetic algorithms, cloud computing, water resource management, web mining, machine learning, block chaining, learning algorithms, sentimental analysis and Natural Language Processing (NLP).
Ionospheric Precursors of Earthquakes
Changes included changing my career from the field of space plasma physics to Earth sciences and geophysics, and changes in my personal life giving me h- piness and compliance in my present family.
Ionospheric multi-spacecraft analysis tools : Approaches for deriving ionospheric parameters
This book provides a comprehensive toolbox of analysis techniques for ionospheric multi-satellite missions. The immediate need for this volume was motivated by the ongoing ESA Swarm satellite mission, but the tools that are described are general and can be used for any future ionospheric multi-satellite mission with comparable instrumentation.
Ionic Soft Matter : Modern Trends in Theory and Applications; Proceedings of the NATO Advanced Research Workshop on Ionic Soft Matter: Modern Trends in Theory and Application Lviv, Ukraine, 14-17 April, 2004
Consists of reviews of the experimental, theoretical and simulation studies on ionic criticality, polyelectrolytes, proton transport in fuel cell membranes, and the design of DNA arrays. This book deals with discussions of the fundamental and applied problems of important phenomena such as ion association, ion adsorption, ion solvation.
Ion Implantation and Synthesis of Materials
This book presents the physics and materials science of ion implantation and ion beam modification of materials. It covers ion-solid interactions used to predict ion ranges, ion straggling and lattice disorder. Also treated are shallow-junction formation and slicing silicon with hydrogen ion beams. Topics important for materials modification, such as ion-beam mixing, stresses, and sputtering, are also described.
