الصفحة 7
الصفحة 7
Viral Therapy
Virotherapy is a treatment using biotechnology to convert viruses into therapeutic agents by reprogramming viruses to treat diseases. There are three main branches of virotherapy: anti-cancer oncolytic viruses, viral vectors for gene therapy and viral immunotherapy. These branches utilize three different types of treatment methods: gene overexpression, gene knockout, and suicide gene delivery. Gene overexpression adds genetic sequences that compensate for low to zero levels of needed gene expression. Gene knockout utilizes RNA methods to silence or reduce expression of disease-causing genes. Suicide gene delivery introduces genetic sequences that induce an apoptotic response in cells, usually to kill cancerous growths. In a slightly different context, virotherapy can also refer more broadly to the use of viruses to treat certain medical conditions by killing pathogens like Bacteriophages that specialized to kill Bacteria without harming human cell.
Viral metagenomics : Methods and protocols
Expands on the previous edition with discussions about the latest viral metagenomics aspects covering a range of different specimens such as soil, freshwater, wastewater, fecal samples, blood plasma, clinical tissues, fungi, and herbarium samples. Chapters also look at different viral groups including archaeal viruses, eukaryotic viruses, phages, mycoviruses, and circular DNA viruses. Techniques required for studying the three viral metagenomic steps of samples processing, library construction, and analysis of data are also discussed. Written in the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology series format, chapters include introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible laboratory protocols, and tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls.
Violence in the Balkans : First findings from the Balkan homicide study
This is the first volume to offer an in-depth look at (lethal) violence in the Balkans. The Balkans Homicide Study analyses 3,000 (attempted) homicide cases from Croatia, Hungary, Kosovo, Macedonia, Romania and Slovenia. Shedding light on a region long neglected in terms of empirical violence research. this brief discusses regional commonalities throughout the Balkans in view of their cultural , historical and normative context.
Violence in Europe : Historical and Contemporary Perspectives
Taking the sociocultural long view, Violence in Europe analyzes the prevalence and role of violence—from street crime to terrorist attacks, homicide to genocide—in the evolution of human and national behavior. The editors and 14 colleagues in history, anthropology, sociology, and psychology focus on Northern and Western Europe, examining centuries of violent phenomena, from the cultural logic of the Middle Ages to today’s soccer riots and security alerts. The contributors’ examination of social constructions (honor codes, class and gender roles) and public ambivalence (acceptance, abhorrence, fascination) regarding violence sheds needed light on current dynamics in law enforcement, political systems, and what many have termed "the civilization of violence."
Violence against women's health in international law
Exploring the relationship between violence against women and women's rights to health and reproductive health, Sara De Vido theorises the new concept of violence against women's health in international law using the Hippocratic paradigm, enriching human rights-based approaches to women's autonomy and reflecting on the pervasiveness of patterns of discrimination. At the core of the book are two dimensions of violence: horizontal 'inter-personal', and vertical 'state policies'. Investigating these dimensions through decisions made by domestic, regional and international judicial or quasi-judicial bodies.
V-Invex Functions and Vector Optimization
the book focuses on V-invex functions in vector optimization that have grown out of the work of Jeyakumar and Mond in the 1990’s. V-invex functions are areas in which there has been much interest because it allows researchers and practitioners to address and provide better solutions to problems that are nonlinear, multi-objective, fractional, and continuous in nature. Hence, V-invex functions have permitted work on a whole new class of vector optimization applications.
Vienna : A Doctor´s Guide : 15 walking tours through Vienna’s medical history
Describes a total of 15 walking tours through old medical Vienna. Naturally, these tours are concentrated on the inner city and the ninth district. This book allows the experiences to be digested in an appropriately Viennese way.
Verification, Model Checking, and Abstract Interpretation ; 8th International Conference, VMCAI 2007, Nice, France, January 14-16, 2007, Proceedings
Contains the papers presented at VMCAI 2007: Verification, Model Checking and Abstract Interpretation held January 14–16, 2007 in Nice. VMCAI provides a forum for researchers from the communities of verification, model checking, and abstract interpretation, facilitating interaction, cross-fertilization,and dvancement of hybrid methods that combine the three areas.
Vergleichsweise menschlich? : Ambulante Sanktionen als Alternative zur Freiheitsentziehung aus europäischer Perspektive = Comparatively human?: Outpatient sanctions as an alternative to imprisonment from a European perspective
Ambulatory sanctions are often seen as a humane alternative to deprivation of liberty. The nature of intervention, the perspective of those affected and the expansion of the network of social control are overlooked. The transfer of sanction practices between legal cultures requires minimum human rights standards. In addition, there are no control group studies and, in particular, no comparison with non-intervention. Instead of naively transferring a (supposed) "best practice" it is recommended to shift the focus from "nothing works" to an examination of the possibility that "nothing works".
Venus and Mercury, and How to Observe Them
Mercury and Venus - known as the "inferior planets" because they are closer to the Sun than the Earth is - have always been regarded as difficult and even dangerous targets for amateur astronomers. Recent advances in commercially-made instruments have, however, brought them within range of only moderately experienced observers, and certainly Mercury and Venus are by no means inferior in terms of visual delights, observing challenges...and mystery. Venus and Mercury and How to Observe Them offers a wealth of detailed practical information on every aspect of observing, from safely targeting the two planets, through visual observing, to sketching and electronic imaging.
Venous Thromboembolism : Prevention and Treatment
Pulmonary thromboembolism in Japan is currently associated with a high mortality rate and remains a concern for patients and medical staff alike. Moreover, as the mechanisms of the condition have been elucidated, it has become clear that much work needs to be done in the field to achieve acceptable results in this country. Thus, Japan has regularly played host to the International Symposium on Pulmonary Thromboembolism . At the most recent symposium, in Sendai, the epidemiology and the treatment of pulmonary thromboembolism, traveler's thrombosis, and the prevention of deep vein thromboembolism were discussed, particularly with reference to the differences between Japan and Western countries. The fruits of the collaboration between that assembly of international specialists can be found in this collection of work. It provides an in-depth look at the current concepts that guide the treatment and prevention of the disease, and at the problem areas that must be improved upon.
VEGF in Development
This book is devoted to vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGF or VEGFA), a secreted signalling protein of great significance for development and disease in vertebrates. VEGFA controls the proliferation, migration, specialisation and survival of vascular endothelial cells, and it is therefore essential for the establishment of a functional blood vessel circuit. In addition, VEGFA is emerging as a versatile patterning factor for several non-endothelial cell types in vertebrates. Thus, it plays a central role during organ development at multiple levels, including blood vessel growth, vessel-mediated organ induction and tissue differentiation.
Vegetative powers : The roots of life in ancient, medieval and early modern natural philosophy
The volume analyzes the natural philosophical accounts and debates concerning the vegetative powers, namely nutrition, growth, and reproduction. While principally focusing on the early modern approaches to the lower functions of the soul, readers will discover the roots of these approaches back to the Ancient times, as the volume highlights the role of three strands that help shape the study of life in the Medieval and early modern natural philosophies. From late antiquity to the early modern period, the vegetative soul and its cognate concepts have played a substantial role in specifying life, living functions, and living bodies, sometimes blurring the line between living and non-living nature, and, at other moments, resulting in a strong restriction of life to a mechanical system of operations and powers. Unearthing the history of the vegetative soul as a shrub of interconnected concepts, the 24 contributions of the volume fill a crucial gap in scholarship, ultimately outlining the importance of vegetal processes of incessant proliferation, generation, and organic growth as the roots of life in natural philosophical interpretations.
Vector Control of Three-Phase AC Machines : System Development in the Practice
This monograph covers the area of vector control of three-phase AC machines, in particular induction motors with squirrel-cage rotor (IM), permanent excited synchronous motors (PMSM) and doubly-fed induction machines (DFIM), from the viewpoint of the practical design and development. Main focus is on the application of the IM and the PMSM in electrical drive systems, where the method of the field-orientated control has been successfully established in the practice, and on the use of the grid voltage orientated controlled DFIM in the wind power plants.
Vavilov-Cherenkov and Synchrotron Radiation : Foundations and Applications
Reviews fundamental physical and mathematical problems of the Vavilov-Cherenkov effect of media. Here the readers could find a discussion of all basic problems of the Vavilov-Cherenkov effect and of synchrotron radiation. … This book may be useful for advanced graduate students and for professional scientists, both experimentalists and theoreticians.
Vasculogenic mimicry : Methods and protocols
Provides detailed protocols for the identification and understanding of vasculogenic mimicry process in vitro and in vivo, in addition to protocols for microscopy and histology. Chapters guide readers through different materials, commercial and homemade scaffolds, Matrigel, cancer spheroids, 3D tissue constructs, vasculogenic processes, and mathematical model building.
Vascular Surgery
Proper management of vascular diseases is dependent on public awareness and appropriate training of specialists. Tis stands true for every medical d- cipline. For vascular surgery it has an additional aspect because, besides the required above-average standard of technical dexterity, the vascular surgeon should also be well versed in a variety of subjects such as molecular biology, in the use of ultrasound and – with the introduction of endovascular techniques – a skilful operator of guidewires and laparoscopic instruments. All the ac- mulated know-how and skills required for proper management of the vascular patient demand a rapid change in the training of vascular surgeons and an - depth knowledge of the various manifestations of vascular diseases.
Vascular Interventional Radiology : Angioplasty, Stenting, Thrombolysis and Thrombectomy
Focusses on the current evidence surrounding the use of endovascular therapy. It updates and complements the earlier Medical Radiology volume on the Radiology of Peripheral Vascular Diseases. Some background information is provided on vascular biology and the facilities required for safe endovascular practice, along with guidance on consent issues. Further chapters deal with endovascular treatment in particular arterial territories, and include the evidence in favour of or against the use of specific treatments. The most up-to-date evidence surrounding endovascular aneurysm repair is discussed. There are also chapters on venous interventions, including the endovascular management of varicose veins. This book will be of value both to interventional radiologists and to vascular surgeons with an interest in endovascular techniques.
Vascular embolotherapy : A comprehensive approach ; Vol.2 : Oncology, trauma, gene therapy, vascular malformations, and neck
Endovascular embolization therapy has made remarkable progress during the past two decades, driven primarily by improvements in digital imaging, breakthroughs in microcatheter technology and coil design, and the development of new embolic materials. This is the second of two volumes that present the current state of the art in this exciting and growing field. Individual sections are devoted to vascular malformations, trauma and iatrogenic lesions, applications in oncology, indications in the head and neck region, gene therapy and pediatrics. High informational content is supplemented by detailed graphics, providing a comprehensive reference work for both experts and novices in the field.
Vascular embolotherapy : A comprehensive approach ; Vol.1 : General principles, chest, abdomen, and great vessels
Endovascular embolization therapy has made remarkable progress during the past two decades, driven primarily by improvements in digital imaging, breakthroughs in microcatheter technology and coil design, and the development of new embolic materials.This is the first of two volumes that present the current state of the art in this exciting and growing field. After an introductory section that discusses the general principles of embolization therapy, further sections are devoted to gastrointestinal, gynecological and obstetric, genitourinary, aortoiliac and bronchopulmonary applications. High informational content is supplemented by detailed graphics, providing a comprehensive reference work for both experts and novices in the field.
