الصفحة 60
الصفحة 60
Location- and Context-Awareness ; Vol. 3479 ; First International Workshop, LoCA 2005, Oberpfaffenhofen, Germany, May 12-13, 2005, Proceedings
The workshop was organized by the Institute of Communications and Navigation of the German Aerospace Center (DLR) in Oberpfa?enhofen, and the Mobile and Distributed Systems Group of the University of Munich. During the workshop, novel positioning algorithms and location sensing techniques were discussed, comprising not only enhancements of singular systems, like positioning in GSM or WLAN, but also hybrid technologies, such as the integration of global satellite systems with inertial positioning. Furthermore, improvements in sensor technology, as well as the integration and fusion of sensors, were addressed both on a theoretical and on an implementation level. Personal and confidential data, such as location data of users, have p- found implications for personal information privacy. Thus privacy protection, privacy-oriented location-aware systems, and how privacy aspects the feasibility and usefulness of systems were also addressed in the workshop.
Location- and context-awareness ; 3rd International Symposium, LoCA 2007, Oberpfaffenhofen, Germany, September 20-21, 2007, Proceedings
These proceedings contain the papers presented at the 3rd International S- posium on Location- and Context-Awareness in September of 2007. Computing has become mobile, wireless, and portable. The rangeof contexts encountered while sitting at a desk working on a computer is very limited c- pared to the large variety of situations experienced away from the desktop.
Local Pattern Detection ; International Seminar Dagstuhl Castle, Germany, April 12-16, 2004, Revised Selected Papers
Introduction The dramatic increase in available computer storage capacity over the last 10 years has led to the creation of very large databases of scienti?c and commercial information. The need to analyze these masses of data has led to the evolution of the new field knowledge discovery in databases (KDD) at the intersection of machine learning, statistics and database technology. Being interdisciplinary by nature, the field offers the opportunity to combine the expertise of different fields into a common objective. Moreover, within each field diverse methods have been developed and justified with respect to different quality criteria. We have to investigate how these methods can contributet o solving the problem of KDD. Traditionally, KDD was seeking to end global models for the data that - plain most of the instances of the database and describe the general structure of the data. Examples are statistical time series models, cluster models, logic programs with high coverageor classi?cation models like decision trees or linear decision functions. In practice, though, the use of these models often is very l- ited, because global models tend to end only the obvious patterns in the data, 1 which domain experts already are aware of . What is really of interest to the users are the local patterns that deviate from the already-known background knowledge. David Hand, who organized a workshop in 2002, proposed the new field of local patterns.
Local and Semi-Local Bifurcations in Hamiltonian Dynamical Systems : Results and Examples
Once again KAM theory is committed in the context of nearly integrable Hamiltonian systems. While elliptic and hyperbolic tori determine the distribution of maximal invariant tori, they themselves form n-parameter families. Hence, without the need for untypical conditions or external parameters, torus bifurcations of high co-dimension may be found in a single given Hamiltonian system. The text moves gradually from the integrable case, in which symmetries allow for reduction to bifurcating equilibria, to non-integrability, where smooth parametrisations have to be replaced by Cantor sets. Planar singularities and their versal unfoldings are an important ingredient that helps to explain the underlying dynamics in a transparent way.
Lived Nation as the History of Experiences and Emotions in Finland, 1800-2000
It revolves around the following questions: What kinds of experiences have engendered national mobilization and feelings of national belonging? How have political and societal conflicts turned into new communities of experience and emotion? What kinds of experiences have been integrated into, or excluded from, the national context in different instances? How have people internalized or contested the nation as a context for their personal, family and minority-group experiences? In what ways has the nation entered and affected people’s intimate spheres of life? How have “national” experiences been transmitted to children in the renewal of the nation? This edited collection points to the histories of experience and emotions as a novel way of studying nations and nationalism. Building on current debates in nationalism studies, it offers a theoretical framework for analyzing the historical construction of “lived nations,” and introduces a number of new methodological approaches to understand the experiences of the nation, extending from the investigation of personal reminiscences and music records to the study of dreams and children’s drawings.
Literature-based Discovery
When Don Swanson hypothesized a connection between Raynaud’s phenomenon and dietary fish oil, the field of literature-based discovery (LBD) was born. During the subsequent two decades a steady stream of researchers have published articles about LBD and the field has made steady progress in laying foundations and creating an identity. LBD is an inherently multi-disciplinary enterprise where collaborations between the information and biomedical sciences are readily encountered. It is the hope and intention that this volume will plant a flag in the ground and inspire new researchers to the LBD challenge.
Liquid separations with membranes : An introduction to barrier interference
On the level of a textbook a self-consistent approach to liquid separations with membranes is presented, contrasting equilibrium separations with the rate-controlling effects of barrier interference on mass transfer. As a corollary objective, an effort is made to observe context, factual and historical, when introducing concepts and applications of membrane separation science. Ordering principle is the formal structure of mass transfer across barriers, being construed of a driving force (allocated to the condition of the mixtures to be separated) and a barrier permeability (holding the keys to membrane selectivity). The membranes, by this approach, appear by way of the mass transport demands which they are to meet, or else by way of the separation effects which they inspire.
Linking Restoration and Ecological Succession
Recognizes the critical roles of disturbance ecology, landscape ecology, ecological assembly, invasion biology, ecosystem health, and historical ecology in habitat restoration and argues that restoration within a successional context will best utilize the lessons from each of these disciplines.
Linkage in Evolutionary Computation
The whole volume consisting of 19 chapters is divided into 3 parts: Models and Theories; Operators and Frameworks; Applications. This edited volume will serve as a useful guide and reference for researchers who are currently working in the area of linkage. For postgraduate research students, this volume will serve as a good source of reference. It is also suitable as a text for a graduate level course focusing on linkage issues.
Linguistics for the age of AI
One of the original goals of artificial intelligence research was to endow intelligent agents with human-level natural language capabilities. Recent AI research, however, has focused on applying statistical and machine learning approaches to big data rather than attempting to model what people do and how they do it. In this book, Marjorie McShane and Sergei Nirenburg return to the original goal of recreating human-level intelligence in a machine. They present a human-inspired, linguistically sophisticated model of language understanding for intelligent agent systems that emphasizes meaning—the deep, context-sensitive meaning that a person derives from spoken or written language.
Linearity, Symmetry, and Prediction in the Hydrogen Atom
The predictive power of mathematics in quantum phenomena is one of the great intellectual successes of the 20th century. This textbook, aimed at undergraduate or graduate level students (depending on the college or university), concentrates on how to make predictions about the numbers of each kind of basic state of a quantum system from only two ingredients: the symmetry and the linear model of quantum mechanics. This method, involving the mathematical area of representation theory or group theory, combines three core mathematical subjects, namely, linear algebra, analysis and abstract algebra. Wide applications of this method occur in crystallography, atomic structure, classification of manifolds with symmetry, and other areas.
Linear Systems
Linear systems theory plays a broad and fundamental role in electrical, mechanical, chemical and aerospace engineering, communications, and signal processing. A thorough introduction to systems theory with emphasis on control is presented in this self-contained textbook. The book examines the fundamental properties that govern the behavior of systems by developing their mathematical descriptions. Linear time-invariant, time-varying, continuous-time, and discrete-time systems are covered. Rigorous development of classic and contemporary topics in linear systems, as well as extensive coverage of stability and polynomial matrix/fractional representation, provide the necessary foundation for further study of systems and control.
Linear Selection Indices in Modern Plant Breeding
This open access book focuses on the linear selection index (LSI) theory and its statistical properties. It addresses the single-stage LSI theory by assuming that economic weights are fixed and known - or fixed, but unknown - to predict the net genetic merit in the phenotypic, marker and genomic context. Further, it shows how to combine the LSI theory with the independent culling method to develop the multistage selection index theory. The final two chapters present simulation results and SAS and R codes, respectively, to estimate the parameters and make selections using some of the LSIs described. It is essential reading for plant quantitative geneticists, but is also a valuable resource for animal breeders.
Linear Partial Differential Equations for Scientists and Engineers
This significantly expanded fourth edition is designed as an introduction to the theory and applications of linear PDEs. The authors provide fundamental concepts, underlying principles, a wide range of applications, and various methods of solutions to PDEs. In addition to essential standard material on the subject, the book contains new material that is not usually covered in similar texts and reference books, including conservation laws, the spherical wave equation, the cylindrical wave equation, higher-dimensional boundary-value problems, the finite element method, fractional partial differential equations, and nonlinear partial differential equations with applications.
Linear Models and Generalizations : Least Squares and Alternatives
Gives an up-to-date account of the theory and applications of linear models. The book can be used as a text for courses in statistics at the graduate level and as an accompanying text for courses in other areas. Some of the highlights in this book are as follows. A relatively extensive chapter on matrix theory (Appendix A) provides the necessary tools for proving theorems discussed in the text and offers a selection of classical and modern algebraic results that are useful in research work in econometrics, engineering, and optimization theory. The matrix theory of the last ten years has produced a series of fundamental results aboutthe de?niteness ofmatrices,especially forthe di?erences ofmatrices, which enable superiority comparisons of two biased estimates to be made for the ?rst time. We have attempted to provide a uni?ed theory of inference from linear models with minimal assumptions
Linear Differential Equations and Group Theory from Riemann to Poincaré
A study of how a particular vision of the unity of mathematics, often called geometric function theory, was created in the 19th century. The central focus is on the convergence of three mathematical topics: the hypergeometric and related linear differential equations, group theory, and on-Euclidean geometry. The text for this second edition has been greatly expanded and revised, and the existing appendices enriched with historical accounts of the Riemann–Hilbert problem, the uniformization theorem, Picard–Vessiot theory, and the hypergeometric equation in higher dimensions. The exercises have been retained, making it possible to use the book as a companion to mathematics courses at the graduate level.
Linear and Nonlinear Programming
"Linear and Nonlinear Programming" is considered a classic textbook in Optimization. While it is a classic, it also reflects modern theoretical insights. These insights provide structure to what might otherwise be simply a collection of techniques and results, and this is valuable both as a means for learning existing material and for developing new results. One major insight of this type is the connection between the purely analytical character of an optimization problem, expressed perhaps by properties of the necessary conditions, and the behavior of algorithms used to solve a problem. This was a major theme of the first and second editions. Now the third edition has been completely updated with recent Optimization Methods. Yinyu Ye has written chapters and chapter material on a number of these areas including Interior Point Methods.
Linear and Generalized Linear Mixed Models and Their Applications
This book covers two major classes of mixed effects models, linear mixed models and generalized linear mixed models, and it presents an up-to-date account of theory and methods in analysis of these models as well as their applications in various fields. The book offers a systematic approach to inference about non-Gaussian linear mixed models. Furthermore, it has included recently developed methods, such as mixed model diagnostics, mixed model selection, and jackknife method in the context of mixed models.
Linear Algebra Thoroughly Explained
Linear Algebra Thoroughly Explained provides a comprehensive introduction to the subject suitable for adoption as a self-contained text for courses at undergraduate and postgraduate level. The clear and comprehensive presentation of the basic theory is illustrated throughout with an abundance of worked examples. The book is written for teachers and students of linear algebra at all levels and across mathematics and the applied sciences, particularly physics and engineering.
Limnology and Aquatic Birds ; Proceedings of the Fourth Conference Working Group on Aquatic Birds of Societas Internationalis Limnologiae (SIL), Sackville, New Brunswick, Canada, August 3-7, 2003
The importance of habitat conservation for the protection of birds has become widely acknowledged and accepted by natural resource managers and the general public. Papers presented in this volume further our understanding of the important role that limnology has in determining habitat suitability for waterbirds. Long-term population monitoring of waterbirds is an important tool in our quest to understand the role waterbirds play in their environment. Continued population declines of many species of aquatic birds indicate the need for additional understanding of how human activities negatively impact water quality and bird populations and what mitigative actions can be taken. The main objective of the Working Group on Aquatic Birds of the International Limnological Society (SIL) is to integrate waterbirds into hydrobiology and treat waterbird studies in a limnological context. To achieve this goal, the Working Group organizes conferences to facilitate communications among limnologists interested in aquatic birds and ornithologists interested in the aquatic habitat. The efforts of the SIL Working Group on aquatic birds has resulted in a new emphasis on the links between aquatic birds and their environment
