الصفحة 52
الصفحة 52
Conformal Groups in Geometry and Spin Structures
This book provides a self-contained overview of this important area of mathematical physics, beginning with its origins in the works of Cartan and Chevalley and progressing to recent research in spinors and conformal geometry. Key topics and features: * Focuses initially on the basics of Clifford algebras * Studies the spaces of spinors for some even Clifford algebras * Examines conformal spin geometry, beginning with an elementary study of the conformal group of the Euclidean plane * Treats covering groups of the conformal group of a regular pseudo-Euclidean space, including a section on the complex conformal group * Introduces conformal flat geometry and conformal spinoriality groups, followed by a systematic development of riemannian or pseudo-riemannian manifolds having a conformal spin structure * Discusses links between classical spin structures and conformal spin structures in the context of conformal connections * Examines pseudo-unitary spin structures and pseudo-unitary conformal spin structures using the Clifford algebra associated with the classical pseudo-unitary space
Conditionals, Information, and Inference
Conditionals are fascinating and versatile objects of knowledge representation. On the one hand, they may express rules in a very general sense, representing, for example, plausible relationships, physical laws, and social norms. On the other hand, as default rules or general implications, they constitute a basic tool for reasoning, even in the presence of uncertainty. In this sense, conditionals are intimately connected both to information and inference. Due to their non-Boolean nature, however, conditionals are not easily dealt with. They are not simply true or false — rather, a conditional “if A then B” provides a context, A, for B to be plausible (or true) and must not be confused with “A entails B” or with the material implication “not A or B.” This ill- trates how conditionals represent information, understood in its strict sense as reduction of uncertainty. To learn that, in the context A, the proposition B is plausible, may reduce uncertainty about B and hence is information. The ab- ity to predict such conditioned propositions is knowledge and as such (earlier) acquired information. The ?rst work on conditional objects dates back to Boole in the 19th c- tury, and the interest in conditionals was revived in the second half of the 20th century, when the emerging Arti?cial Intelligence made claims for appropriate formaltoolstohandle“generalizedrules.”Sincethen,conditionalshavebeenthe topic of countless publications, each emphasizing their relevance for knowledge representation, plausible reasoning, nonmonotonic inference, and belief revision.
Concurrency, Graphs and Models : Essays Dedicated to Ugo Montanari on the Occasion of His 65th Birthday
The volume consists of seven sections, six of which are dedicated to the main research areas to which Ugo Montanari has contributed: Graph Transformation; Constraint and Logic Programming; Software Engineering; Concurrency; Models of Computation; and Software Verification.
Concise Guide to Quantum Computing : Algorithms, Exercises, and Implementations
This textbook is intended for practical, laboratory sessions associated with the course of quantum computing and quantum algorithms, as well as for self-study. It contains basic theoretical concepts and methods for solving basic types of problems and gives an overview of basic qubit operations, entangled states, quantum circuits, implementing functions, quantum Fourier transform, phase estimation, etc. The book serves as a basis for the application of new information technologies in education and corporate technical training: theoretical material and examples of practical problems, as well as exercises with, in most cases, detailed solutions, have relation to information technologies. A large number of detailed examples serve to better develop professional competencies in computer science.
Concise Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics
A comprehensive books covering the entire syllabus prescribed by Dental Council of India (DCI). It is written in easy to understand format which is enriched with numerous line diagrams, tables and highlighted text for conservative dentistry and endodontics. Contains 49 chapters under 2 sections covering basic topics, specialized materials and techniques used in Conservative dentistry and Endodontics Includes latest topics like Minimal Interventional dentistry and Evidence based dentistry In each chapter certain text is highlighted in boxes for better understanding Contains high quality illustrations, tables, line diagrams and flowcharts For self - assessment question bank is provided in the end to prepare students for various examinations
Conceptual Modeling of Information Systems
When designing an information system, conceptual modeling is the activity that elicits and describes the general knowledge the system needs to know. This description, called the conceptual schema, is necessary in order to develop an information system.textbook explains in detail the principles of conceptual modeling independently from particular methods and languages and shows how to apply them in real-world projects. It covers all aspects of the engineering process from structural modeling over behavioral modeling to meta-modeling, and completes the presentation with an extensive case study based on the osCommerce system, an online store-management software program freely available under the GNU General Public License. His presentation is based on well-known industry standards like UML and OCL as a particular conceptual modeling language, yet also delivers the basics of the formal logical language background.
Concepts, Frames and Cascades in Semantics, Cognition and Ontology
This book presents novel theoretical, empirical and experimental work exploring the nature of mental representations that support natural language production and understanding, and other manifestations of cognition. One fundamental question raised in the text is whether requisite knowledge structures can be adequately modeled by means of a uniform representational format, and if so, what exactly is its nature. Frames are a key topic covered which have had a strong impact on the exploration of knowledge representations in artificial intelligence, psychology and linguistics; cascades are a novel development in frame theory. Other key subject areas explored are: concepts and categorization, the experimental investigation of mental representation, as well as cognitive analysis in semantics. This book is of interest to students, researchers, and professionals working on cognition in the fields of linguistics, philosophy, and psychology.
Concepts and Results in Chaotic Dynamics : A Short Course
The book is a good introduction to the field of dynamical systems with a particular emphasis on statistical properties and applications. In particular, the relations both with real experiments with numerical simulations are discussed. The book contains many figures that really help the understanding of the text. The book can be used as a text for an introductory course in dynamical systems
Computing the Continuous Discretely : Integer-Point Enumeration in Polyhedra
This textbook illuminates the field of discrete mathematics with examples, theory, and applications of the discrete volume of a polytope. The authors have weaved a unifying thread through basic yet deep ideas in discrete geometry, combinatorics, and number theory.
Computing Characterizations of Drugs for Ion Channels and Receptors Using Markov Models
Flow of ions through voltage gated channels can be represented theoretically using stochastic differential equations where the gating mechanism is represented by a Markov model. The flow through a channel can be manipulated using various drugs, and the effect of a given drug can be reflected by changing the Markov model. These lecture notes provide an accessible introduction to the mathematical methods needed to deal with these models. They emphasize the use of numerical methods and provide sufficient details for the reader to implement the models and thereby study the effect of various drugs. Examples in the text include stochastic calcium release from internal storage systems in cells, as well as stochastic models of the transmembrane potential. Well known Markov models are studied and a systematic approach to including the effect of mutations is presented.
Computing Attitude and Affect in Text : Theory and Applications
Human Language Technology (HLT) and Natural Language Processing (NLP) systems have typically focused on the “factual” aspect of content analysis. Other aspects, including pragmatics, opinion, and style, have received much less attention. However, to achieve an adequate understanding of a text, these aspects cannot be ignored. The chapters in this book address the aspect of subjective opinion, which includes identifying different points of view, identifying different emotive dimensions, and classifying text by opinion. Various conceptual models and computational methods are presented.
Computers and Games ; 6th International Conference, CG 2008, Beijing, China, September 29 - October 1, 2008. Proceedings
This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 6th International Conference on Computers and Games, CG 2008, held in Beijing, China, in September/October 2008 co-located with the 13th Computer Olympiad and the 16th World Computer-Chess Championship.
Computer-Aided Design of User Interfaces IV
Computer-Aided Design of User Interfaces IV gathers the latest research of experts, research teams and leading organisations involved in computer-aided design of user interactive applications supported by software, with specific attention for platform-independent user interfaces and context-sensitive or aware applications. This includes: innovative model-based and agent-based approaches, code-generators, model editors, task animators, translators, checkers, advice-giving systems and systems for graphical and multimodal user interfaces. It also addresses User Interface Description Languages. This books attempts to emphasize the software tool support for designing user interfaces and their underlying languages and methods, beyond traditional development environments offered by the market. It will be of interest to software development practitioners and researchers whose work involves human-computer interaction, design of user interfaces, frameworks for computer-aided design, formal and semi-formal methods, web services and multimedia systems, interactive applications, and graphical user and multi-user interfaces.
Computer Vision Systems ; 2nd International Workshop, ICVS 2001 Vancouver, Canada, July 7-8, 2001 Proceedings
Computer Vision has reached a level of maturity that allows us not only to p- form research on individual methods and system components but also to build fully integrated computer vision systems of signi cant complexity. This opens a number of new problems related to system architecture, methods for system synthesis and veri cation, active vision systems, control of perception and - tion, knowledge and system representation, context modeling, cue integration, etc. By focusing on methods and concepts for the construction of fully integrated vision systems, ICVS aims to bring together researchers interested in computer vision systems. Similar to the previous event in Las Palmas, ICVS 2001 was organized as a single-track workshop consisting of high-quality.
Computer vision : Algorithms and applications
Explores the variety of techniques used to analyze and interpret images. It also describes challenging real-world applications where vision is being successfully used, both in specialized applications such as image search and autonomous navigation, as well as for fun, consumer-level tasks that students can apply to their own personal photos and videos. Suitable for an upper-level undergraduate or graduate-level course in computer science or engineering, this textbook focuses on basic techniques that work under real-world conditions and encourages students to push their creative boundaries. Its design and exposition also make it eminently suitable as a unique reference to the fundamental techniques and current research literature in computer vision.
Computer Vision – ACCV 2007 ; 8th Asian Conference on Computer Vision, Tokyo, Japan, November 18-22, 2007, Proceedings, Part II
Contains sections on shape and texture, fitting, calbration, detection, image and video processing, applications, face and gesture, tracking, camera networks, and face/gesture/action detection and recognition. This book also covers learning, motion and tracking, retrival and search, and human pose estimation.
Computer Vision – ACCV 2007 ; 8th Asian Conference on Computer Vision, Tokyo, Japan, November 18-22, 2007, Proceedings, Part I
Contains sections on shape and texture, fitting, calbration, detection, image and video processing, applications, face and gesture, tracking, camera networks, and face/gesture/action detection and recognition. This book also covers learning, motion and tracking, retrival and search, and human pose estimation.
Computer Viruses and Malware
This book discusses both the technical and human factors involved in computer viruses, worms, and anti-virus software. It also looks at the application of malicious software to computer crime and information warfare. Computer Viruses and Malware is designed for a professional audience composed of researchers and practitioners in industry. This book is also suitable as a secondary text for advanced-level students in computer science.
Computer Supported Cooperative Work in Design III ; 10th International Conference, CSCWD 2006, Nanjing, China, May 3-5, 2006, Revised Selected Papers
The design of complex artifacts and systems requires the cooperation of multidiscip- nary design teams using multiple commercial and proprietary engineering software tools (e.g., CAD, modeling, simulation, visualization, and optimization), engineering databases, and knowledge-based systems. Individuals or individual groups of mult- isciplinary design teams usually work in parallel and separately with various en- neering software tools which are located at different sites. In addition, individual members may be working on different versions of a design or viewing the design from different perspectives, at different levels of detail. In order to accomplish the work, it is necessary to have effective and efficient c- laborative design environments. Such environments should not only automate in- vidual tasks, in the manner of traditional computer-aided engineering tools, but also enable individual members to share information, collaborate, and coordinate their activities within the context of a design project. CSCW (computer-supported coope- tive work) in design is concerned with the development of such environments.
Computer Supported Cooperative Work in Design I
The design of complex artifacts and systems requires the cooperation of multidisciplinary design teams using multiple commercial and non-commercial engineering tools such as CAD tools, modeling, simulation and optimization software, engineering databases, and knowledge-based systems. Individuals or individual groups of multidisciplinary design teams usually work in parallel and separately with various engineering tools, which are located on different sites, often for quite a long time. At any moment, individual members may be working on different versions of a design or viewing the design from various perspectives, at different levels of detail. In order to meet these requirements, it is necessary to have effective and efficient collaborative design environments. These environments should not only automate individual tasks, in the manner of traditional computer-aided engineering tools, but also enable individual members to share information, collaborate and coordinate their activities within the context of a design project. CSCW (computer-supported cooperative work) in design is concerned with the development of such environments.
