الصفحة 5
الصفحة 5
Portal Hypertension : Pathobiology, Evaluation, and Treatment
Although the past several years have seen tremendous progress in both the understanding and clinical management of portal hypertension-a major complication of cirrhosis-many new therapies and pathogenic principles are now emerging that will lead to vastly improved therapeutic approaches in the years to come. In Portal Hypertension: Pathobiology, Evaluation, and Treatment, internationally renowned investigators and clinicians discuss the latest findings on key scientific topics and review the evaluation and management of portal hypertension in the clinic. Writing in an easy-to-read style, the authors review its pathobiology, the progress being made in its experimental understanding, the methodologies to assess it in humans, the treatment of its complications (esophageal varices, ascites, and hepatorenal syndrome), and its treatment in special circumstances (during pregnancy, in children, or when the portal vein is blocked). They also provide in-depth coverage of the pros and cons of the various therapeutic choices available to the clinician managing patients with complicated portal hypertension.
Pocket Guide to Critical Care Pharmacotherapy
Pocket Guide to Critical Care Pharmacotherapy serves as a bedside medical reference, providing the unique element of supplying a step-by-step design that will guide clinicians in giving their patient optimal, evidence-based care. The text provides practical points based on both real patient-care experience and review of current medical literature while providing guidance to all critical care clinicians. By covering the most common ailments observed in critically ill medical patients and using an algorithmic, easy-to-follow, step-by-step approach focusing on pharmacotherapeutics clinicians with varying degrees of training will be able to follow along. Additionally, assessment tools (e.g., sedation assessment), preventative strategies (e.g., stress-related mucosal damage prophylaxis), drug-induced disease states, and pharmacological pearls (e.g. neuromuscular blockade reversal, adverse effects of blood transfusions, and propylene glycol content of various medications) are provided, along with up-to-date references and web-links for many disease states so clinicians who want to review the available literature are able to do so.
Phase Behavior of Polymer Blends
The subject of the phase behavior of polymer blends is quite vast and much too large to fit in a single volume of Advances in Polymer Science, so the present volume is the first in a planned series. The lead article in this volume by Schwahn describes his small angle neutron scattering experiments for a variety of polymer blend systems, including homopolymer and copolymer blends, as well as the fascinating mixtures of diblock copolymers with homopolymers and the technologically important influences of pressure and additives on blend phase behavior. Schwahn’s article focuses on the important influences of critical fluctuations on the phase behavior and emphasizes the need for analyzing experimental data accordingly in order to provide meaningful comparisons between experiments and theories of polymer blends, which are generally of the mean field variety.
Pharmacokinetic-Pharmacodynamic Modeling and Simulation
This book presents both the art and science behind pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic modeling. Using a building-block approach, the author starts from linear and nonlinear models at the individual level and proceeds to develop more complex linear and nonlinear mixed effects models at the population level, with particular emphasis on showing the interrelationships between the various model types. The theory behind the methods are illustrated using real data drawn from the literature and from the author’s own experiences in drug development. Data are analyzed using a variety of software, including SAS, WinNonlin, SAAM II, and NONMEM. A key component of the book is to show how models are accepted and rejected, ultimately leading to a useful and informative model that can be utilized using computer simulation to answer "what-if" questions.
Patterns of Light : Chasing the Spectrum from Aristotle to LEDs
Light is all around us – even when we do not see it. Our eyes do not detect the higher energy and shorter-than-visible-wavelength ultraviolet radiation, yet we know it is there from the sunburn we receive in Arizona. We know that window glass can block ultraviolet rays so we do not get a burn while driving with the windows rolled up. Our eyes do not detect the low-energy, long-wavelength infrared (IR) radiation but we know it exists from discussions of war applications and televised images of guided weapons targets. We also know about radio waves from the little boxes that talk to us and x-rays from the dentist's office.
Particles and Nuclei : An Introduction to the Physical Concepts
This well-established textbook gives a uniform and unique presentation of both nuclear and particle physics. Analysis, Part 1, is devoted to disentangling the substructure of matter. This part shows that experiments designed to uncover the substructures of nuclei and nucleons have a similar conceptual basis, and lead to the present picture of all matter being built out of a small number of elementary building blocks and a small number of fundamental interactions. Synthesis, Part 2, shows how the elementary particles may be combined to build hadrons and nuclei. The fundamental interactions responsible for the forces in all systems become less and less evident in increasingly complex systems.
Oxidative Stress and Neuroprotection
This book deals with basic and clinical aspects of monoamine oxidase (MAO) subtypes A and B highlighting its importance in neurological and psychiatric diseases. Consequently the therapeutic actions of MAO-A and -B inhibitors in Parkinson’s disease (PK) and depression are the focus of several chapters. As MAO is the basis of the development of the "oxidative stress hypothesis" of PD, several chapters are devoted to iron and iron-induced oxidative stress in various experimental studies and clinical conditions. Based on these findings, new compounds have been developed which not only block MAO, but are in addition, either inhibitors of acetylcholine esterase or have iron chelating properties. The aspect of "preclinical" and "clinical" neuro protection as well as MAO neuroprotection are additional topics covered in this book. MAO, iron and neuroprotection are seen in the framework of general anti Parkinson’s therapy with chapters on levodopa, dopaminergic receptor agonists and clinical issues.
Organic Nanostructures for Next Generation Devices
This book provides the first comprehensive overview of fabrication, fundamental properties and applications of a new class of nanoscaled organic materials which holds huge promise for future submicron-sized photonics and optoelectronics. By controlled self-assembled growth on single crystal surfaces, fiber-like structures are fabricated with macroscopic lengths up to millimeter size but mesoscopic widths of mere hundreds of nanometers and nanoscopic heights of several ten nanometers. The extraordinary beauty of these new structures is that they are quasi single crystalline, providing superior optical and electronic properties, and that their properties can be freely tailored via functionalization of their organic building blocks.
Optimizing the "Drug-Like" Properties of Leads in Drug Discovery
Drug discovery and development is a very complex, costly, and ti- consuming process. Because of the uncertainties associated with predicting the pharmacological effects and the toxicity characteristics of new chemical entities in man, their clinical development is quite prone to failure. In recent years, phar- ceutical companies have come under increasing pressure to introduce new blockbuster drugs into the marketplace more rapidly. Companies have responded to these pressures by introducing new technologies and new strategies to expedite drug discovery and development.
Optimized ASIP Synthesis from Architecture Description Language Models
New software tools and a sophisticated methodology above RTL are required to answer the challenges of designing an optimized application specific processor (ASIP). This book offers an automated and fully integrated implementation flow and compares it to common implementation practice. Case-studies emphasise that neither the architectural advantages nor the design space of ASIPs are sacrificed for an automated implementation. Realizing a building block which fulfils the requirements on programmability and computational power is now efficiently possible for the first time.
Opioids in medicine : A comprehensive review on the mode of action and the use of analgesics in different clinical pain states
Centers on the treatment of pain using the appropriate opioid and a suitable co-medication whenever necessary. While many physicians or health care providers either subscribe or advocate analgesics in response to a painful situation, their basic knowledge when and how to apply them frequently is scarce. And often there is a lack of sufficient knowledge on their potential side-effects, their mode of action, 2+ their possible interactions with other agents such as ß-blockers, Ca -antagonists, ACE inhibitors and/or benzodiazepines. In addition, not all analgesics are equivalent or equally proficient at alleviating certain painful ailments.
One-Dimensional Nanostructures
One-dimensional (1D) nanostructures, including nanowires, nanotubes and quantum wires, have been regarded as the most promising building blocks for nanoscale electronic and optoelectronic devices. Worldwide efforts in both the theory and the experimental investigation of growth, characterization and applications of 1D nanostructures have resulted in a mature, multidisciplinary field. In this book, a wealth of state-of-the-art information offers the opportunity to uncover the underlying science from diverse perspectives. Leading researchers elucidate the synthesis and properties of 1D nanostructures for various morphologies and compositions (semiconductor, metal, carbon, etc.) as well as their considerable impact on spintronics, information storage, and the design of field-effect transistors.
Obstructions in Security-Aware Business Processes : Analysis, Detection, and Handling
This book explores the dilemma-like stalemate between security and regulatory compliance in business processes on the one hand and business continuity and governance on the other. The growing number of regulations, e.g., on information security, data protection, or privacy, implemented in increasingly digitized businesses can have an obstructive effect on the automated execution of business processes. Such security-related obstructions can particularly occur when an access control-based implementation of regulations blocks the execution of business processes. By handling obstructions, security in business processes is supposed to be improved. For this, the book presents a framework that allows the comprehensive analysis, detection, and handling of obstructions in a security-sensitive way. Thereby, methods based on common organizational security policies, process models, and logs are proposed. The Petri net-based modeling and related semantic and language-based research, as well as the analysis of event data and machine learning methods finally lead to the development of algorithms and experiments that can detect and resolve obstructions and are reproducible with the provided software.
Numerical computation, data analysis and software in mathematics and engineering
Include the aspects of the meshless method, numerical simulation, mathematical models, deep learning and data analysis. Meshless methods, such as the improved element-free Galerkin method, the dimension-splitting, interpolating, moving, least-squares method, the dimension-splitting, generalized, interpolating, element-free Galerkin method and the improved interpolating, complex variable, element-free Galerkin method, are presented. Some complicated problems, such as tge cold roll-forming process, ceramsite compound insulation block, crack propagation and heavy-haul railway tunnel with defects, are numerically analyzed.
Nucleation and Atmospheric Aerosols ; 17th International Conference, Galway, Ireland, 2007
Atmospheric particles are ubiquitous in the atmosphere: they form the seeds for cloud droplets and they form haze layers, blocking out incoming radiation and contributing to a partial cooling of our climate. They also contribute to poor air quality and health impacts. This book brings together the leading experts from the nucleation and atmospheric aerosols research communities to present the current state-of-the-art knowledge in these related fields.
Non-Fungible Tokens (NFTs) : Examining the impact on consumers and marketing strategies
Focuses on the relevance of non-fungible token-based products in the current hyper-digitalized and hyper-connected world. Connecting the new NFTs’ technologies with academic literature on marketing, the authors highlight future research streams as well as strategies and factors that marketers and managers can use to promote this new type of product.
Nonblocking Supervisory Control of State Tree Structures
This monograph proposes how to manage complexity by organizing the system as a State Tree Structure (STS). an efficient recursive symbolic algorithm is presented that can perform nonblocking supervisory control design in reasonable time and memory for complex systems.
Nonblocking Electronic and Photonic Switching Fabrics
This state-of-the-art survey of switching fabric architectures gives special attention to combinatorial properties of switching fabrics – nonblockingness and rearrangeability. Also describing control algorithms proposed to control different architectures.
NFTs For Dummies
It's not often that a brand-new investment comes along that revolutionizes how we buy and sell digital assets. But that's what non-fungible tokens (NFTs) did. Built on blockchain tech, NFTs are shaking up the world of digital commodity investing. And you can get your slice of the pie before everyone jumps into the arena.
New Concepts of Antiviral Therapy
Antiviral drugs are important tools for treatment or prevention of viral infections. These drugs were first used for monotherapy, but nowadays combinations of antiviral agents are often part of a standard treatment as evidenced by e.g. HAART (highly active antiretroviral therapy). However, in almost every case of antiviral therapy, drug resistant viruses appear. In addition, the low oral bioavailability, toxicity and the number of severe side effects still pose significant problems. All of the latter issues limit the clinical usefulness and drive the need for improved antiviral strategies. These strategies include new drugs and targets, novel modes of action, vector-based treatments and even the block of defined genes by inhibiting mRNA formation (siRNA).
