الصفحة 4
الصفحة 4
Ondansetron Patches
The objective of this study was to develop the matrix of transdermal drug delivery system (TDDS) of ondansetron hydrochloride (ODH), in which ondansetron is the first serotonin subtype 3 receptor antagonist indicated for the treatment and/or prophylaxis of postoperative, chemotherapy or radiotherapy induced emesis. It has been proven efficient and safe to treat such symptoms, by using in vitro drug release study and evaluate the effect of eucalyptus oil and different percentage of carbopol 940. The result of drug release decreased by increasing the percentage of carbopol 940 which achieved the purpose of the study by prolonging the release of the ondansetron . The patch provides a means to reduce the side effects associated with its oral therapy, avoidence of the first-pass metabolism and minimize inconsistency in absorption across GIT. Various types of transdermal patches are used to incorporate the active ingredients into the circulatory system via skin.
Object-Based Image Analysis and Treaty Verification : New Approaches in Remote Sensing – Applied to Nuclear Facilities in Iran
This book describes recent progress in object-based image interpretation, and also presents many new results in its application to verification of nuclear non-proliferation. A comprehensive workflow and newly developed algorithms for object-based high resolution image (pre-) processing, feature extraction, change detection, classification and interpretation are developed, applied and evaluated. The entire analysis chain is demonstrated with high resolution imagery acquired over Iranian nuclear facilities.
Nutrition in Kidney Disease
The field of kidney disease has evolved over the years to encompass a broad and sophisticated knowledge base. There has been a proliferation of scientific information and technical advances in the field. In Nutrition in Kidney Disease, the authors provide a comprehensive perspective of the emerging science in nutrition in kidney disease. This important book is written by a collaborative group of distinguished dietitians and physicians in the specialized field of kidney disease and clinical nutrition, who have devoted their careers to the care of patients with kidney disease. At the end of key chapters, case studies assess knowledge of the subject within the context of didactic curriculums.
Nuclear Energy : Principles, Practices, and Prospects
The world faces serious difficulties in obtaining the energy that will be needed in coming decades for a growing population, especially given the problem of climate change caused by fossil fuel use. This book presents a view of nuclear energy as an important carbon-free energy option. It discusses the nuclear fuel cycle, the types of reactors used today and proposed for the future, nuclear waste disposal, reactor accidents and reactor safety, nuclear weapon proliferation, and the cost of electric power. To provide background for these discussions, the book begins with chapters on the history of the development and use of nuclear energy, the health effects of ionizing radiation, and the basic physics principles of reactor operation. The text has been rewritten and substantially expanded for this edition, to reflect changes that have taken place in the eight years since the publication of the first edition and to provide greater coverage of key topics. These include the Yucca Mountain repository plans, designs for next-generation reactors, weapons proliferation and terrorism threats, the potential of alternatives to nuclear energy, and controversies about low-level radiation.
Nuclear Dynamics : Molecular Biology and Visualization of the Nucleus
The dynamics of nuclear structures described in this book furnish the basis for a comprehensive understanding of how the higher-order organization and function of the nucleus is established and how it correlates with the expression of a variety of vital activities such as cell proliferation and differentiation. The resulting volume creates an invaluable source of reference for researchers in the field.
Novepernove : Sudoku : segreti e strategie di gioco = Novepernove : Sudoku : game secrets and strategies
The game of Sudoku has exploded in the Western world since 2005 and has since continued to expand, to gather new followers, to proliferate specialized magazines on newsstands and dedicated sites on the Internet. Sudoku success shows no signs of slowing down. All the major newspapers offer daily some patterns to be solved; associations and federations were born; local tournaments, various national championships and even an annual world championship are organized; the proposals for variants of the classic Sudoku multiply; many university professors have launched graduate theses on the subject; various software products have been written on PCs, on dedicated hardware and on the main interactive game consoles.
New Perspectives on Aloe
The contents include a brief introduction of aloe, isolation, purification, and structural analysis of components, and various physiological effects of those components for possible use as health foods or drugs. Various functions identified were wound healing, angiogenesis, anti-allergy, skin whitening, stimulation of cell proliferation such as liver or kidney, protection against nephrotoxicity, and immune modulation. Moreover, we suggest standardization and quality control procedures for manufacturing raw aloe, and how to develop related products for successful application of aloe. This is important in Korea because last year the Korean government listed aloe as a health food for which the government establishes regulatory laws. Therefore, many scientists in Korea who are interested in studying health foods would be interested in this kind of text. Other major fields related to this kind of research will be medicine, biology, pharmaceutics, natural products and analytics.
Myeloproliferative disorders
Contains a series of contributions from internationally renowned academics with special expertise in one or other diseases which collectively are grouped under the heading myeloproliferative disorders. This term includes Ph-positive chronic myeloid leukemia as well as the various Ph-negative variants.
Mouse Models of Human Blood Cancers : Basic Research and Pre-clinical Applications
Although it remains an open question among some people whether mice and humans are similar in disease development, the laboratory mouse has emerged as the preeminent animal model for human diseases. This is underscored by the recently completed mouse and human genome projects, which have revealed that mice and humans share the vast majority of their genes, and thus get many of the same diseases, and for the same reasons. Emphasizing why mouse models are valuable in vivo systems for understanding disease mechanisms and developing therapeutic strategies for human blood cancers, "Mouse Models of Human Blood Cancers: Basic Research and Pre-clinical Applications," edited by Shaoguang Li, aims on presenting thorough analyses of the pathological features and the molecular bases of several major types of blood cancer and to describe translational research using mouse cancer models.
Molecular Biology of the Parathyroid
Caintaining extracellular calcium concentrations within a narrow range is critical for the survival of most vertebrates. PTH, together with vitamin D, responds to hypocalcemia to increase extracellu M lar calcium levels, by acting on bone, kidney and intestine. The recent intro duction of PTH as a major therapeutic agent in osteoporosis has directed renewed interest in this important hormone and in the physiology of the parathyroid gland. The parathyroid is unique in that low serum calcium stimulates PTH secretion. As hypocalcemia persists, there is also an increase in PTH synthesis. Chronic hypocalcemia leads to hypertrophy and hyper plasia of the parathyroid gland together with increased production of the hormone. Phosphate is also a key modulator of PTH secretion, gene expres sion and parathyroid cell proliferation. Understanding the biology of the parathyroid as well as the mecha nisms of associated diseases has taken great strides in recent years. This book summarizes the molecular mechanisms involved in the function of the para thyroid gland. The first chapter reviews the development of the parathyroid gland and the genes involved in this process as identified using genetically manipulated mice. Then the biosynthetic pathway of PTH from gene ex pression to its intracellular processing and the sequences in the gene control ling its transcription as well as those regulating mRNA processing, stability and translation are described.
Microprocessor 1 : Prolegomena - calculation and storage functions - models of computation and computer architecture
Presents the computation function, recalls the memory function and clarifies the concepts of computational models and architecture. A comprehensive approach is used, with examples drawn from current and past technologies that illustrate theoretical concepts, making them accessible.
Microbial protein toxins
Since the initial establishment of Robert Koch’s postulates in the nineteenth century, microbial protein toxins have been recognized as a major factor of bacterial and fungal virulence. An increasing number of proteins produced and secreted by various bacteria, yeasts and plants are extremely toxic and most of them developed remarkably "intelligent" strategies to enter, to penetrate and to finally kill a eukaryotic target cell by modifying or blocking essential cellular components. This book describes the strategies employed by protein toxins to render their pro- and eukaryotic producers a selective growth advantage over competitors. In providing an up-to-date overview on the mode of protein toxin actions, it accommodates biomedically and biologically relevant toxin model systems. As a result, it significantly broadens our perspective on biochemical architecture and molecular ploy behind the lethal principles of pro- and eukaryotic toxins.
Measuring Globalisation : Gauging Its Consequences
Globalization a timely and controversial topic Presents comprehensive synthesis/overview of perspectives/approaches to "globalization", defines the term in more objective, scientific terms Presents rigorous empirical measures of globalization and its economic, political and social impact, w/implications for management and policy Authors represent different theoretical perspectives; are prolific and well-respected in the field
Mathematical Models of Distribution Channels
In Chapters 1 and 2 the authors provide an introduction to the current, analytical literature on distribution channels, and they present an intuitively appealing prologue to the Channel Myths that are developed rigorously in later Chapters. In Chapters 3, 4, and 10 they extend the literature by ascertaining the relationship between the manufacturer-optimal wholesale-price strategy and channel breadth. Specific analyses include multiple, non-competing retailers, multiple states-of-nature, and multiple, competing retailers. In Chapters 5-7 the authors determine the profitability of various wholesale-price strategies; this analysis culminates in Chapters 8 and 9 with the determination of the (very limited) conditions under which channel coordination can be optimal for the manufacturer. In Chapter 11 they prove that existing methods of measuring the effect of a change in the degree of inter-retailer substitutability are totally misleading. They then develop an original, theoretical basis for measuring the impact of a change in the degree of inter-retailer substitutability that yields insightful, intuitively appealing results. In Chapter 12 the authors set forth an agenda for future research based on a meta-model that embraces all existing models in the literature. They also issue an appeal for creation of a "Unifying Theory of Distribution Channels" that will enable researchers to work independently and yet to contribute toward the common goal of deepening the marketing science professions’ understanding of distribution channels.
Ion Channels
Ion channels play a vital role in basic physiological functions such as generation of electrical activity in nerves and muscle, control of cardiac excitability, intracellular signaling, hormone secretion, cell proliferation and many other biological processes. Because of their prevalence and the critical role they play in virtually all tissue types and organs, ion channels are also involved in a number of pathophysiological conditions. The aim of this volume is to review recent advances in the field of ion channel related diseases. Following an overview chapter summarizing the current state of ion channel screening technologies, five topics covering areas such as cancer, cardiac arrhythmias, cystic fibrosis, and pain have been selected, and the current state of knowledge is presented by leading experts in their field.
Investigative Electrocardiography in Epidemiological Studies and Clinical Trials
It reviews the prevalence and incidence and emphasizes the prognostic implications of common ECG abnormalities in contrasting populations. It provides a comprehensive, penetrating and critical analysis of topics such as QT prolongation in clinical drug trials, left ventricular hypertrophy, myocardial ischemia/infarction and epidemiological consideration of relative risks associated with ECG abnormalities. As such it is an essential tool in epidemiological or clinical research using ECGs and in investigations of possible adverse responses of new pharmacological agents.
International Law Today : New Challenges and the Need for Reform?
th Rüdiger Wolfrum celebrated his 65 birthday on 13 December 2006. On this special occasion, current and former members of the large circle of his PhD and post-doctorate students (Doktoranden und Habilit- den) organized a symposium on the subject of “International Law - day: New Challenges and the Need for Reform?” to honour him and his academic work as a teacher and researcher.the subjects covered by the speakers and commentators reflect the wide variety of issues he worked on in his long and impressive academic career. They extend from a cri- cal evaluation of the new responsibility to protect and the role of the UN Security Council in post-conflict management, thoughts on the proliferation of international tribunals with regard to the unity or fragmentation of international law, marine genetic resources in the deep sea and environmental protection in Antarctica to human rights issues relating to intellectual property rights and the protection of minorities.
International Cooperation for Enhancing Nuclear Safety, Security, Safeguards and Non-proliferation–60 Years of IAEA and EURATOM ; Proceedings of the XX Edoardo Amaldi Conference, Accademia Nazionale dei Lincei, Rome, Italy, October 9-10, 2017
Examines key aspects of international cooperation to enhance nuclear safety, security, safeguards, and non-proliferation, thereby assisting in development and maintenance of the verification regime and fostering progress toward a nuclear weapon-free world. The book opens by addressing important political, institutional, and legal dimensions. Current challenges are discussed and attempts made to identify possible solutions and future improvements. Subsequent sections consider scientific developments that have the potential to increase the effectiveness of implementation of international regimes, particularly in critical areas, technology foresight, and the ongoing evaluation of current capabilities. The closing sections examine scientific and technical challenges and discuss the role of international cooperation and actions of the scientific community in leading the world toward peace and security.
International Cooperation for Enhancing Nuclear Safety, Security, Safeguards and Non-proliferation ; Proceedings of the XXI Edoardo Amaldi Conference, Accademia Nazionale dei Lincei, Rome, Italy, October 7–8, 2019
This book examines key aspects of international cooperation to enhance nuclear safety, security, safeguards, and nonproliferation, thereby assisting in development and maintenance of the verification regime and fostering progress toward a nuclear weapon-free world.
Inflammation and natural products ; 1st ed.
Brings together research in the area of the natural products and their anti-inflammatory action in medical, nutraceutical and food products, addressing specific chronic inflammatory diseases like cancer and the mechanistic aspects of the mode of action of some key natural products. Inflammation is a complicated process, driven by infection or injury or genetic changes, which results in triggering signalling cascades, activation of transcription factors, gene expression, increased levels of inflammatory enzymes, and release of various oxidants and pro-inflammatory molecules in inflammatory cells. Excessive oxidants and inflammatory mediators have a harmful effect on normal tissue, including toxicity, loss of barrier function, abnormal cell proliferation, inhibiting normal function of tissues and organs and finally leading to systemic disorders. The emerging development of natural product formulations utilizing the unique anti-inflammatory compounds such as polyphenols, polysaccharides, terpenes, fatty acids, proteins and several other bioactive components has shown notable successes.
