الصفحة 31
الصفحة 31
Expanding Horizons in Bioethics
What are the resources and needs, the strengths and the vulnerabilities of patients, of society, or of nature? How do we evaluate the societal potential of scientific discovery? It is fairly well assured that we are influencing the terms of existence of many inhabitants of this planet, from flora to fauna to humans. Moreover, history has shown that while technologies can be used neutrally, they can be (and have been) used to the great benefit – or the great detriment – of human life and the fate of the world as a whole. How various types of knowledge and technological ability will be deployed is up to us, individually and collectively. How such information and ability should be deployed, and for what reasons, are questions at the core of bioethical inquiry. These are the "expanding horizons in bioethics" to which this volume refers. This volume is comprised of fourteen essays. It is a rare gathering of scholarly opinion, featuring well-known experts from a diversity of disciplines. The topics addressed are of immediate concern to the public. The essays ask questions about human nature, genetic technologies, reproductive rights, human subjects research, and environmental issues – all in provocative and challenging new ways. Yet the themes that emerge throughout the volume are of enduring interest to anyone concerned about the interactions of scientific development, ethics, and society. This volume is of interest to students and teachers of bioethics and related topics, as well as to professionals working in these disciplines.
Exit-architecture design between war and peace : With a foreword by Heiner Mühlmann and a project by Exit Ltd.
A oeFirst we shape things, then they shape usa, was Churchilla (TM)s view. What kind of architecture can be said to shape? Who does it shape? And by what means does it shape? The authora (TM)s answers to these questions are a surprise. Through war and proximity to stress. After a tour da (TM)horizon through Roman temples, Washingtona (TM)s corridors of power and Meccaa (TM)s anti-panic architecture it becomes clear that architecture is anything but in the background. Instead it is situated in the hot spot of transmission dynamics and is capable of altering cultures, empires and even religions.
Exercises in Environmental Physics
Exercises in Environmental Physics covers the essential topics in university courses in environmental physics including: Energy and the environment / Fluid mechanics / Evapotranspiration, soil physics and groundwater hydrology / Pollution / Ocean and atmospheric physics / The planet in space This is the first book specifically devoted to exercises on the application of physics to describe the environment including the human impact. It is a valuable tool for students to develop skills in the manipulation of physical concepts and methods while learning environmental science. The exercises are drawn from the author's teaching experience and the need for stimulating practice problems in various environmental physics courses. A chapter on mathematical methods used in the book supplements the material.
Excavations and Foundations in Soft Soils
The book is about soft soil engineering and is intended to serve the practicing as well as the research engineers. The planning, design and construction of exca- tions and foundations in soft to very soft soils is always a difficult and challanging assignment to engineers. The authors have tried to address some of these problems and challenges in this book. Beside the state of the art of soft soils, authors own research results and expe- ences from practical projects are presented in the book. Special emphasis is also given among others on the presentation of several case studies coresponding to each topic treated in the book as well as a summary of the experiences in the - termination of soil parameters for finite element analysis of geotechnical pr- lems. The book is illustrated by a wealth of photographs and diagrams.
Examples in Structural Analysis
This code-independent and comprehensive collection of fully worked and graded examples shows undergraduates how to analyse different types of structure, with the main analysis techniques, with some detailed mathematics. Now with pin-jointed frames and arches and cables, with more on the direct stiffness method and influence lines for beams.
Examining Innovation Management from a Fair Process Perspective
Companies nowadays still differ considerably in that they interact with employees. This interaction depends on different organisational cultures, leadership styles, and the ways in which information and communication take place. A recent trend, even in economic theory, is that interactions are valued in themselves and not solely to achieve rational economic maximisation. People care about outcomes, but they also care about the interactional processes that produce those outcomes. Thomas Limberg investigates a new approach to the management of human relationships in a knowledge-based work environment and analyses the relationship between fair process and innovation performance. Key findings are that social interactions have a significant influence on execution performance in organisations, and fairness can have positive effects on innovative behaviour and therefore on innovation performance. In the transition from a production-based to a knowledge-based economy, fair process is becoming a powerful tool for managing human interactions and for influencing attitudes and behaviours that are so critical in reaching high innovation performance.
Evolutionary Stasis and Change in the Dominican Republic Neogene
In practice, however, science is no less susceptible to fads, culture shifts, and pendulum swings than any other realm of human endeavor. This is an especially important feature of science to keep in mind in the present climate of shrinking government funding (at least in prop- tion to the demand) and the resulting susceptibility of individual scientists and entire disciplines to being influenced by the changing priorities of funding agencies (even if, as such agencies maintain, those priorities come ultimately “from the c- munity”). The present volume is in several important respects a testimonial to both the threats and opportunities that such scientific culture swings pose, both for the individual researcher and a wider field. When scientific research in the Dominican Republic Neogene began more than a century ago, paleontology was an essentially descriptive discipline, focused mainly on finding, describing, and documenting the taxa represented in the fossil record, and (especially in invertebrate paleontology) on using these taxa for bi- tratigraphic correlation.
Evolutionary Computation in Dynamic and Uncertain Environments
This book provides a compilation on the state-of-the-art and recent advances of evolutionary algorithms in dynamic and uncertain environments within a unified framework. The motivation for this book arises from the fact that some degree of uncertainty in characterizing any realistic engineering systems is inevitable. Representative methods for addressing major sources of uncertainties in evolutionary computation, including handle of noisy fitness functions, use of approximate fitness functions, search for robust solutions, and tracking moving optimums, are presented. "Evolutionary Computation in Dynamic and Uncertain Environments" is a valuable reference for scientists, researchers, professionals and students in the field of engineering and science, particularly in the areas of computational intelligence, natural computing and evolutionary computation.
Evolution of the Web in Artificial Intelligence Environments
The material in this book is designed to be drawn from different Web application areas so as to provide an overview of important contributions in the development of the Web applications. These are mainly in the areas of Web personalisation, semantic Web and Web services.
Evolution of Teaching and Learning Paradigms in Intelligent Environment
This book is a fascinating window on the evolution of teaching and learning paradigms in intelligent environments. The three Australian authors include a number of chapters on issues of real relevance to today's teaching practice, including an introduction to the evolution of teaching and learning paradigms
Evidence-Based Caries Prevention
Aims to define the etiological factors in dental caries and to guide the clinician towards methods of caries prevention that are evidence based. The coverage includes discussion of the active role of the biofilm and the oral environment and emphasizes the multifactorial etiology of dental caries.
Everglades Experiments: Lessons for Ecosystem Restoration
This work covers both the structural and functional responses of the Everglades ecosystem via experimental and gradient studies on microbial activity, algal responses, macroinvertebrate populations, macrophyte populations, and productivity in response to alterations to nutrients in soil and water, hydrologic changes, and fire. Importantly, this volume reclassifies the Everglades, provides a comparison of historic and current ecological processes, and presents a new working hydrologic paradigm, which collectively provides essential lessons for the restoration of this vast peatland complex
Evaporites : Sediments, Resources and Hydrocarbons
The monograph offers a comprehensive discussion of the role of evaporites in hydrocarbon generation and trapping. For the first time, diverse knowledge on exploitable salts has been assembled and organized, along with a summary of evaporate karst hazards as well as a summary of exploitative methods and pitfalls in dealing with evaporites in conventional and solution mining. Written by a field specialist in research and exploration, the book presents a comprehensive synthesis of the low temperature realm of evaporite evolution. It is aimed for earth science professionals, sedimentologists, oil and gas explorers, mining geologists, as well as environmental geologists.
Evaluation of Cooperative Planning in Supply Chains : An Empirical Approach of the European Automotive Industry
Modern literature has heralded the "Era of Network Competition" in which cooperating networks and not individual firms seek to attain competitive advantages. Supply chains in the automotive industry provide a good example of such cooperative environments which are characterized by a division of labor and where almost no final product is produced and sold by just one company alone.
Evaluating evidence of mechanisms in medicine : Principles and procedures
This book is the first to develop explicit methods for evaluating evidence of mechanisms in the field of medicine. It explains why it can be important to make this evidence explicit, and describes how to take such evidence into account in the evidence appraisal process. In addition, it develops procedures for seeking evidence of mechanisms, for evaluating evidence of mechanisms, and for combining this evaluation with evidence of association in order to yield an overall assessment of effectiveness.
Evaluating Climate Change Action for Sustainable Development
The following sections focus on evaluation of climate change projects and policies as they link to development, from the perspective of international organisations, NGO’s, multilateral and bilateral aid agencies, and academia. The authors share methodologies or approaches used to better understand problems and assess interventions, strategies and policies. They also share challenges encountered, what was done to solve these and lessons learned from evaluations. Collectively, the authors illustrate the importance of evaluation in providing evidence to guide policy change to informed decision-making.
Eutrophication of Shallow Lakes with Special Reference to Lake Taihu, China
Eutrophication and algal blooms are worldwide environmental issues in lakes. The eutrophication process and formation mechanisms of algal blooms are particularly complicated in shallow lakes due to the strong lake–land, air–water and water–sediment interactions. This volume features papers presented at the International Symposium on the Eutrophication Process and Control in Large Shallow Lakes – with Special Reference to Lake Taihu, a Shallow Subtropical Chinese Lake, held in Nanjing, China, 22–26 April, 2005. The topics include: physical processes and their effects on shallow lake ecosystems; biogeochemistry of sediments and nutrient cycling in shallow lakes; algal blooms and ecosystem response in shallow lakes; eutrophication control and restoration in shallow lakes; and resource exploitation, environmental protection and sustainable management in shallow lakes.
Eutrophication Management and Ecotoxicology
This book aims to bridge the gap between ecotoxicology and limnology. The intended readers of the book are water managers, policy makers with a scientific background as well as researchers/advisors in the area of water management. The book provides an ecotoxicological perspective on lake management and describes eutrophication of shallow, temperate lakes. It surveys the influence of toxic substances (e.g., agricultural pesticides) on the aquatic ecosystem, especially the relation between algae and daphnids. The message of the book is that nutrients such as phosphorus are not the only important factor in explaining and managing eutrophication: toxic disturbance of to-down control is also an important factor to be considered. The results of extensive studies and experiments (some unpublished) on lake eutrophication are presented in this book.
Eutrophication in the Baltic Sea : Present Situation, Nutrient Transport Processes, Remedial Strategies
This book takes a holistic process-based ecosystem perspective on the eutrophication in the Baltic Sea, with a focus on the factors regulating how the system would respond to changes in nutrient loading. This includes a very special process for the Baltic Sea: land uplift. After being depressed by the glacial ice, the land is now slowly rising adding vast amounts of previously deposited nutrients and clay particles to the system.
European Large Lakes Ecosystem changes and their ecological and socioeconomic impacts
Large lakes offer socio-economic benefits and can be used in many ways, and are often areas in which economic, cultural and political interests overlap. In this book the problems regarding the present status of European large lakes and the directions of change are discussed. Threats caused by direct human impact and by climate change, protection needs and restoration measures are considered.
