الصفحة 3
الصفحة 3
Introduction to malnutrition among children
Malnutrition refers to when a person's diet does not provide enough nutrients or the right balance of nutrients for optimal health. Causes of Malnutrition To help understand the causes of malnutrition, UNICEF developed a conceptual framework which remains a useful tool to help understand the causes of malnutrition. Acute malnutrition among children is consistently increasing even though overall malnutrition levels in Syria remain below emergency levels...
Introduction to C++ : 500+ Difficulty-Scaled Solved Programming Exercises
Includes more than 500 exercises and examples of progressive difficulty to aid the reader in understanding the C++ principles and to see how concepts can materialize in code. The examples are designed to be short, concrete, and substantial, quickly giving the reader the ability to understand how to apply correctly and efficiently the features of the C++ language and to get a solid programming know-how. Rest assured that if you are able to understand this book's examples and solve the exercises, you can safely go on to edit larger programs, you will be able to develop your own applications, and you will have certainly established a solid fundamental conceptual and practical background to expand your knowledge and skills
Interpretations of luxury : Exploring the consumer perspective
Exploring the elements that constitute the perceived luxuriousness of a brand, this book addresses the changing definitions of the term ‘luxury’ in today’s world. Taking the approach that the concept of luxury evolves from the consumer, the author introduces a conceptual model which explains how the consumer interprets the luxuriousness of a brand. This innovative study analyses the key elements that influence luxury branding, such as extended product, perceived uniqueness, authenticity and context specificity. By critically reflecting on the existing definitions of luxury and its challenges
International Perspectives on Natural Disasters : Occurrence, Mitigation, and Consequences
Reports of natural disasters fill the media with regularity. Places in the world are affected by natural disaster events every day. Such events include earthquakes, cyclones, tsunamis, wildfires – the list could go on for considerable length. In the 1990s there was a concentrated focus on natural disaster information and mitigation during the International Decade for Natural Disasters Reduction (IDNDR). The information was technical and provided the basis for major initiatives in building structures designed for seismic safety, slope stability, severe storm warning systems, and global monitoring and reporting. Mitigation, or planning in the event that natural hazards prevalent in a region would suddenly become natural disasters, was a major goal of the decade-long program. During the IDNDR, this book was conceptualized, and planning for its completion began.
International Handbook on Globalisation, Education and Policy Research : Global Pedagogies and Policies
The aim of this Handbook is to present a global overview of developments in education and policy change during the last decade. It has the objective of providing both a strategic education policy statement on recent shifts in education and policy research globally and offers new approaches to further exploration, development and improvement of education and policy making.attempts to address some of the above issues and problems confronting educators and policy makers globally. Different articles seek to conceptualize the on-going problems of education policy formulation and implementation, and provide a useful synthesis of the education policy research conducted in different countries, and practical implications.
International Handbook of Student Experience in Elementary and Secondary School
The International Handbook of Student Experience in Elementary and Secondary School is the first handbook of its kind to be published. It brings together in a single volume the groundbreaking work of scholars who have conducted studies of student experiences of school in Afghanistan, Australia, Canada, England, Ghana, Ireland, Pakistan, and the United States. Drawing extensively on students’ interpretations of their experiences in school as expressed in their own words, chapter authors offer insights into how students conceptualize and approach school, how students understand and address the ongoing social opportunities for and challenges in working with other students and teachers, and the multiple ways in which students shape and contribute to school improvement.
International handbook of educational policy
This Handbook presents contemporary and emergent trends in educational policy research, in over ?fty chapters written by nearly ninety leading researchers from a number of countries. It is organized into ?ve broad sections which capture many of the current dominant educational policy foci and at the same time situate current understandings historically, in terms of both how they are conceptualized and in terms of past policy practice. The chapters themselves are empirically grounded, providing illustrations of the conceptual implications c- tained within them as well as allowing for comparisons across them. The se- re?exivity within chapters with respect to jurisdictional particularities and c- trasts allows readers to consider not only a range of approaches to policy analysis but also the ways in which policies and policy ideas play out in di?erent times and places. The sections move from a focus on prevailing policy tendencies through increasingly critical and ‘‘outsider’’ perspectives on policy.
Interior Design Concept : Critical Practices, Processes and Explorations in Interior Architecture and Design
Combines a comprehensive introduction to design concept, with a reflective examination upon the various ways it can be understood, harnessed, and implemented. Within interior architecture and design, the power of conceptual thinking to fuel creativity, innovation, and collaboration is evident in the use of design concept. Broadly accepted as an essential component in the design process, design concept is a notoriously elusive topic which has, until now, received little critical attention. This book offers a reevaluation of current academic ideas about design methodologies and the nature of inspiration, alongside brand-new data from an international research study to help clarify what creativity really means in the modern world.
Interior Design : Conceptual Basis
Seven concepts of planning, circulation, 3D, construction, materials, colour and lighting, which covers the entire spectrum of a designer's activity. Analysing design concepts from the view of the range of possibilities that the designer can examine and eventually decide by choice and conclusive belief the appropriate course of action to take in forming that particular concept, the formation and implementation of these concepts is taken in this book to aid the designer in his/her professional task of completing a design proposal to the client. The purpose of this book is to prepare designers to focus on each concept independently as much as possible, whilst acknowledging relative connections without unwarranted influences unfairly dictating a conceptual bias, and is about that part of the design process called conceptual analysis. It is assumed that the site, location, building and orientation, as well as the client's brief of activities and needs have been digested and analysed to provide the data upon which the design process can begin.
Interdisciplinary mathematics education : A state of the art
This book provides an essential introduction to the state-of the-art in interdisciplinary Mathematics Education. First, it begins with an outline of the field’s relevant historical, conceptual and theoretical backgrounds, what “discipline” means and how inter-, trans-, and meta-disciplinary activities can be understood. Relevant theoretical perspectives from Marx, Foucault and Vygotsky are explained, along with key ideas in theory, e.g. boundaries, discourses, identity, and the division of labour in practice. Second, the book reviews research findings of mainly empirical studies on interdisciplinary work involving mathematics in education, in all stages of education that have become disciplined. For example, it reports that a common theme in studies in middle and high schools is assessing the motivational benefits for the learner of subsuming disciplinary motives and even practices to extra-academic problem-solving activities; this is counter-balanced by the effort needed to overcome the disciplinary boundaries in academic institutions, and in professional identities. These disciplinary boundaries are less obviously limitations in middle and primary schools, and in some vocational courses. Third and finally, it explores selected case studies that illustrate these concepts and findings, both in terms of the motivational benefits for learners and the institutional and other boundaries involved.
Intercultural Dialogue in the European Education Policies : A Conceptual Approach
This book analyses intercultural dialogue as a concept, policy and ideal in European education policy documentation. The core European transnational organizatons – the Council of Europe and the European Union – have actively promoted policies to engender inclusive societies and respond to challenges that diversification may entail.
Intercultural Collaboration ; 1st International Workshop, IWIC 2007 Kyoto, Japan, January 25-26, 2007 Invited and Selected Papers
This book presents 29 revised invited and selected lectures given by top-researchers at the First International Workshop on Intercultural Collaboration, IWIC 2007, held in Kyoto, Japan in January 2007.
Interactive Computation : The New Paradigm
The interaction paradigm provides a new conceptualization of computational phenomena that emphasizes interaction rather than algorithms, thus reflecting the shift in technology from number-crunching on mainframes to distributed intelligent networks with graphical user interfaces.
Intelligent Computing in Engineering and Architecture ; 13th EG-ICE Workshop 2006, Ascona, Switzerland, June 25-30, 2006, Revised Selected Papers
Providing computer support for tasks in civil engineering and architecture is hard. Projects can be complex, long and costly. Firms that contribute to design, construction and maintenance are often worth less than the value of their projects. Everyone in the field is justifiably risk adverse. Contextual variables have a strong influence making generalization difficult. The product life cycle may exceed one hundred years and functional requirements may evolve during the service life. It is therefore no wonder that practitioners in this area have been so reluctant to adopt advanced computing systems. After decades of research and industrial pilot projects, advanced computing s- tems are now being recognized by many leading practitioners to be strategically - portant for the future profitability of firms involved in engineering and architecture. Engineers and architects with advanced computing knowledge are hired quickly in the market place. Closer collaboration between research and practice is leading to more comprehensive validation processes for new research ideas. This is feeding devel- ment of more useful systems, thus accelerating progress. These are exciting times. th This volume contains papers that were presented at the 13 Workshop of the Eu- pean Group for Intelligent Computing in Engineering. Over five days, 70 participants from around the world listened to 59 paper presentations in a single session format.
Integration Processes and Policies in Europe : Contexts, Levels and Actors
Experts on integration processes, integration policies, transnationalism, and the migration and development framework provide an academic assessment of the 2011 European Agenda for the Integration of Third-Country Nationals, which calls for integration policies in the EU to involve not only immigrants and their society of settlement, but also actors in their country of origin. Moreover, a heuristic model is developed for the non-normative, analytical study of integration processes and policies based on conceptual, demographic, and historical accounts.
Integrating Science and Politics for Public Health
This volume is a welcome and timely contribution to our understanding of public health policy making as an essentially political endeavour. A sophisticated mix of theoretical, conceptual and empirical analysis serves as a guide to the challenges inherent in making public policy that accounts for and improves population health.
Integrated Market and Credit Portfolio Models : Risk Measurement and Computational Aspects
Due to their business activities, banks are exposed to many different risk types. Aggregating various risk exposures to a comprehensive risk position is an important but up-to-date not satisfactorily solved task. This shortfall goes back to conceptual problems of constructing an appropriate risk model and to the computational burden of determining a loss distribution that comprises all relevant risk types. Peter Grundke deals with both problems. On the one hand, he extends a standard credit portfolio model by correlated interest rate and credit spread risk. The analysis shows that the economic capital needed as a buffer to absorb unexpected losses in a portfolio can be severely underestimated when relevant market risk factors are neglected. On the other hand, computational aspects are addressed.
Innovation, Networks, and Knowledge Spillovers : Selected Essays
The volume is in three parts. The first part demonstrates that the processes of innovation and technological change are spatially differentiated, both regionally within countries and internationally between countries. The second part broadens, both conceptually and empirically, our understanding of the innovation process and the process of network formation, by examining the increasing importance of knowledge creation and diffusion in the new economy and how this is changing the nature of firms in crucial ways. Particular focus is laid on identifying the growing pressures for firms to develop more inter- and intrafirm networks and on providing lucid illustrations of these different kinds of networks. The third part discusses key issues related to the systems of innovation approach as a conceptual framework for regional innovation analysis and directs attention to enlightening conceptual and empirical work on the issue how knowledge spills over locally.
Injuries in Athletics : Causes and Consequences
This book focuses on both applied and conceptual issues regarding the classification of injuries, common coaches’ errors leading to injury, coaches and athletes’ viewpoints on injury, the development of psychological trauma in athletes, traumatic brain injuries and basic principles of rehabilitation. It is organized into five parts: - Foundations of injuries in athletics - Coaches and Athletes’ perspectives of injury - Psychological traumas in athletes - Concussion in athletics - Injury rehabilitation This reference book accumulates the latest developments in the science of athletes' training, from "injury-free" perspectives along with psychological analyses, evaluation, and management of sport-related injuries. It is an ideal resource for coaches, clinical practitioners, researchers and students interested in kinesiology, sport psychology and athletic training.
Information systems and e-business technologies ; 2nd International United Information Systems Conference UNISCON 2008 Klagenfurt, Austria, April 22–25, 2008 Proceedings
This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of UNISCON 2008 held in Klagenfurt, Austria, during April 22-25, 2008.UNISCON combines the ECOMO workshop series and the ISTA conference series. The 19 papers dealing with conceptual modeling, model-driven software development and information systems applications represent a 30% selection from the original set of submissions.
