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Obesity and Cancer
This book highlights the concordance between signaling pathways that are involved in obesity and cancer cross-talks. It describes the role of cytokines, chemokines, growth factors, insulin, and adipokines in the development of obesity-associated cancers. The book reviews the role of inflammatory signaling pathways such as estrogen-mediated signaling, mTOR and AMP-activated protein kinase pathway and the involvement of adaptive and innate immunity, oxidative stress, gene polymorphism, dietary phytochemicals, and miRNAs in obesity and cancer. In addition, it covers the latest research on the drugs and natural therapeutic agents that target obesity-induced cancers and discusses various in vivo models for studying obesity and obesity-associated cancer. Lastly, it analyses the role of genetic polymorphisms in the obesity-related genes that influence cancer development.
Molecular Mechanism of Congenital Heart Disease and Pulmonary Hypertension
This book focuses on the molecular mechanism of congenital heart disease and pulmonary hypertension, offering new insights into the development of pulmonary circulation and the ductus arteriosus. It describes in detail the molecular mechanisms involved in the development and morphogenesis of the heart, lungs and ductus arteriosus, covering a range of topics such as gene functions, growth factors, transcription factors and cellular interactions, as well as stem cell engineering technologies
Molecular advances in dental pulp tissue engineering
Recent advances in regenerative medicine and tissue engineering aim to restore the dentin–pulp complex using stem cells, growth factors and tailored scaffolds to achieve biological regeneration within the root canal. This Special Issue highlights scientific advances in pulp regeneration, bridging the gap between research and clinical application.
Metastasis of Breast Cancer
The book has covered a broad range of topics in the metastasis of breast cancer, from genetics, biology to clinical management. Main topics include genetic control, biology, growth factors, cell adhesion, cell motility and invasion, natures of bone metastasis, sentinel node therapies, hormonal links, new biomarkers and detection of micrometastasis, and diagnosis The book also covers the current treatment options including surgical management, chemotherapy and hormonal therapies.
Immunogenetics of Autoimmune Disease
Utoimmunity is the downstream outcome of a rather extensive and coordinated series of events that include loss of self-tolerance, peripheral lymphocyte Aactivation, disruption of the blood-systems barriers, cellular infiltration into the target organs and local inflammation. Cytokines, adhesion molecules, growth factors, antibodies, and other molecules induce and regulate critical cell functions that perpetuate inflammation, leading to tissue injury and clinical phenotype. The nature and intensity of this response as well as the physiological ability to restore homeostasis are to a large extent conditioned by the unique amino acid sequences that define allelic variants on each of the numerous participating mol ecules. Therefore, the coding genes in their germline configuration play a primary role in determining who is at risk for developing such disorders, how the disease progresses, and how someone responds to therapy. Although genetic components in these diseases are clearly present, the lack of obvious and homogeneous modes of transmission has slowed progress by prevent ing the full exploitation of classical genetic epidemiologic techniques. Furthermore, autoimmune diseases are characterized by modest disease risk heritability and m- tifaceted interactions with environmental influences. Yet, several recent discoveries have dramatically changed our ability to examine genetic variation as it relates to human disease. In addition to the development of large-scale laboratory methods and tools to efficiently recognize and catalog DNA diversity, over the past few years there has been real progress in the application of new analytical and data-manage ment approaches
Hormones and the brain
Peripheral hormones have a major impact on the brain: they are able to interfere with its development, to affect release of neurotransmitters and concentrations of receptors, to trigger growth factors involved in lesion repair. These multiple actions account for their capacity to modulate a number of physiological parameters, from reproductive functions to memory, behaviour and aging. Depending upon intensity and duration of exposure, they can be either neuroprotective or neurotoxic, for instance by affecting production of free radicals. This book, based on contributions of pioneer investigators in the field, outlines the ambiguous actions of gonadal steroids (estradiol, progesterone, testosterone, inhibin and activin) and of neurosteroids, related moieties produced in the brain itself. After summarizing their multiple mechanisms of action, which involve both direct effects on neuronal membranes and activation of genes coding for specific proteins in neurons or glial cells, the book outlines the role of hormones in pathogenic processes such as mental disturbances or neurodegenerative diseases.
Facilitative glucose transporters in articular chondrocytes : Expression, distribution and functional regulation of GLUT isoforms by hypoxia, hypoxia mimetics, growth factors and pro-inflammatory Cytokines
In this multidisciplinary article we review the molecular and morphological aspects of GLUT expression and function in chondrocytes and their mesenchymal and embryonic stem cell precursors and propose key roles for these proteins in glucose sensing and metabolic regulation in cartilage.
Etiology and Morphogenesis of Congenital Heart Disease : From Gene Function and Cellular Interaction to Morphology
This volume focuses on the etiology and morphogenesis of congenital heart diseases. It reviews in detail the early development and differentiation of the heart, and later morphologic events of the cardiovascular system, covering a wide range of topics such as gene functions, growth factors, transcription factors and cellular interactions that are implicated in cardiac morphogenesis and congenital heart disease. This book also presents recent advances in stem cell and cell sheet tissue engineering technologies which have the potential to provide novel in vitro disease models and to generate regenerative paradigms for cardiac repair and regeneration
Breast cancer chemosensitivity
In Breast Cancer Chemosensitivity, a group of world leading experts review critical aspects of resistance to systemic therapy in breast cancer patients. Beginning with a clinical overview of the problem Breast Cancer Chemosensitivity moves on to focus on the latest findings of molecular mechanisms of drug resistance. These include in-depth discussions on multidrug resistance by P-glycoprotein and the multidrug resistance protein family, resistance to therapeutic agent-induced apoptosis, cell cycle deregulation, deregulation of DNA repair, loss of tumor suppressor genes, integrin-mediated adhesion, insulin-like growth factors, epidermal growth factor, and ErbB2 in modulating breast cancer response to systemic therapy, especially, certain chemotherapeutic agents. Breast Cancer Chemosensitivity provides an example of using novel approaches for chemosensitization of breast cancer cells that gives readers an idea about the future direction in breast cancer treatment.
Bone augmentation in implant dentistry : A step-by-step guide to predictable alveolar ridge and sinus grafting
Implant dentistry has evolved tremendously over the past three decades and is rapidly progressing as new materials and protocols become available each year. With the number of advancements made in digitally based media and marketing, it is imperative that the clinician is able to separate new trends from evidence-based protocols to make sound and predictable choices for the ultimate benefit of patients. This textbook presents cases from the author's 35-year practice to show the successes and failures of various treatment approaches and protocols. Early chapters discuss the relevant biomaterials and instruments utilized for bone augmentation protocols, including barrier membranes, bone grafting materials, and growth factors. Surgical chapters dedicated to extraction socket management, alveolar ridge augmentation, and sinus grafting follow, each chapter detailing specific indications and patient selection criteria as well as step-by-step surgical procedures, aspects of postoperative treatment, and complications. The final chapter focuses on full-arch reconstruction using fully guided immediate reconstruction protocols. The author's teaching institute is credited with preparing some of the world's best clinicians, and this book will pave the way for countless more.
Biopharmaceutical drug design and development
Biopharmaceutical Drug Design and Development, Second Edition, updates the widely successful first edition, published in 1999. This new, expanded edition investigates the dozens of new biopharmaceutical drugs that have become available since the publication of the first edition. Among the drugs discussed are ones in the categories of monoclonal antibodies for in-vivo use, cytokines, growth factors, enzymes, immunomodulators, thrombolytics, and immonotherapies including vaccines. Additionally, the volume examines new and emerging technologies, such as bioinformatics, DNA microarrays, transgenics, therapeutic gene delivery, stem cells, nucleic acid-based therapeutics, and macromolecular drug delivery. Authors also study pharmacogenetics in the clinic and changes in biologic drug approval at the FDA. Biopharmaceutical Drug Design and Development, Second Edition, is a worthy sequel in the discussion on the dynamic, exciting field of biotechnology.
Anemia in the Elderly
Anemia is found in approximately 80% of elderly patients, most often caused by chronic disease and iron deficiency. Hemopoiesis is a crossroad for many aging-related events.Why do older patients become anemic When should a diagnostic work up of anemia be initiated in the older person? What are the clinical consequences of anemia? Can the treatment of anemia delay aging? Have erythropoietic growth factors played a role in age-related anemia? Who should receive an erythropoietin stimulating agent?When should the suspicion for Myelodysplastic Syndrome be ruled out and what are the clues?This book addresses these and many other important questions with a review of the most recent findings.
