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Wildlife Study Design
Taking an approach from both a basic and applied perspective, the book covers numerous aspects of study design including variable classification, the necessity of randomization and replication in wildlife study design, the three major types of designs in decreasing order of rigor, detection probabilities, adaptive cluster methods, double sampling, sampling of rare species, effect size and power, and impact assessment, just to name a few. The concepts provided by the book make study design both accessible and comprehensive to a wide array of readers.
The Role of Management Accounting Systems in Strategic Sensemaking
Marcus Heidmann explores the role of management accounting systems (MAS) in strategic sensemaking. Based on cognitive theories, the author defines strategic sensemaking as a learning process with observation, interpretation, and communication as the relevant process steps on the individual level. He illustrates the impact of MAS on these cognitive processes by an exploratory multiple-case study design. He shows that managers do not primarily use MAS to identify strategic topics but to search for additional information that helps them to make sense of these issues. In particular, the interactive use of MAS contributes to strategic sensemaking by providing directions and facilitating interactions that help to resolve equivocality of strategic issues.
Small Animal Imaging : Basics and Practical Guide
A practical guide to the use of small animal imaging in preclinical research that will assist in the choice of imaging modality and contrast agent and in study design, experimental setup, and data evaluation. All established imaging modalities are discussed in detail, with the assistance of numerous informative illustrations. While the focus of the new edition remains on practical basics, it has been updated to encompass a variety of emerging imaging modalities, methods, and applications. Additional useful hints are also supplied on the installation of a small animal unit, study planning, animal handling, and cost-effective performance of small animal imaging. Cross-calibration methods and data postprocessing are considered in depth. This new edition of Small Animal Imaging will be an invaluable aid for researchers, students, and technicians involved in research into and applications of small animal imaging.
Police policy shifts after 9/11 : From community policing to homeland security : A New York case study
Addresses the impact of the September 11th terror attacks on funded programs in policing. Comparing New York City's policing, community policing, and homeland security programs, this brief examines twenty-four years of federal grants to identify shifts in policy. Using focusing events and moral panic theories, it posits that 9/11 served as a catalyst to change public policy, moving policing programs in the direction of homeland security. With a before-after-study design, this volume empirically assesses policy shifts to better understand the influence of events and of funding on policing models.
Medical image synthesis : Methods and clinical applications
Image synthesis across and within medical imaging modalities is an active area of research with broad applications in radiology and radiation oncology. This book covers the principles and methods of medical image synthesis, along with state-of-the-art research. First, various traditional non-learning-based, traditional machine-learning-based, and recent deep-learning-based medical image synthesis methods are reviewed. Second, specific applications of different inter- and intra-modality image synthesis tasks and of synthetic image-aided segmentation and registration are introduced and summarized, listing and highlighting the proposed methods, study designs, and reported performances with the related clinical applications of representative studies. Third, the clinical usages of medical image synthesis, such as treatment planning and image-guided adaptive radiotherapy, are discussed. Last, the limitations and current challenges of various medical synthesis applications are explored, along with future trends and potential solutions to solve these difficulties.
Instructional Scaffolding in STEM Education : Strategies and Efficacy Evidence
This book uses meta-analysis to synthesize research on scaffolding and scaffolding-related interventions in STEM (science, technology, engineering, and mathematics) education. Specifically, the volume examines the extent to which study quality, assessment type, and scaffolding characteristics (strategy, intended outcome, fading schedule, scaffolding intervention, and paired intervention) influence cognitive student outcomes. It includes detailed descriptions of the theoretical foundations of scaffolding, scaffolding strategies that have been proposed to meet different intended learning outcomes in STEM, and associated efficacy information. Furthermore, the book describes assessment strategies and study designs which can be used to evaluate the influence of scaffolding, and suggests new fields in which scaffolding strategies that have proven efficacious may be used.
Healthy Longevity in China : Demographic, Socioeconomic, and Psychological Dimensions
China is aging at an extraordinary speed and has the largest quantity of elderly persons in the world. Scholars utilize this unprecedented living experience of human being and the unique Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey (CLHLS) datasets with the aim to answer in this volume the following questions critical to the aging population world wide. Is the period of disability compressing or expanding with increasing life expectancy and what factors are associated with these trends in the recent decades? Is it possible to realize morbidity compression with a prolongation of the life span in the future?The first section of the book presents the CLHLS project’s study design, sample distribution, contents of data collected, and assessments of age reporting and data quality. The remaining chapters are grouped into sections dealing with the demographic, social, economic, familial and psychological dimensions of healthy longevity.
Good Research Practice in Non-Clinical Pharmacology and Biomedicine
This book, published under a CC BY 4.0 license in the Pubmed indexed book series Handbook of Experimental Pharmacology, provides up-to-date information on best practice to improve experimental design and quality of research in non-clinical pharmacology and biomedicine.
Evaluation Methods in Biomedical Informatics
This book is a general reference designed for individuals from a broad range of professional backgrounds at various stages of learning about medical information systemsIt attempts to explain why medical information resources should be studied, and why this is a challenging process. It explores the options for conducting such studies, and specifically deciding what topic to study. It also explains how to design, carry out, and interpret a study using a particular set of techniques, how to conduct studies in the context of health care organizations, and how to communicate study designs and study results to the proper audience.
Clinical Trials in Osteoporosis
A practical handbook on clinical trials in the growing field of osteoporosis. Topics covered include study design, technical issues, data collection, quality assurance, data analysis and presentation. It takes the user through the process step-by-step from start to finish, also providing a background on regulatory guidelines, ethical implications, endpoints, current therapies and the ideal drug to use.
Clinical Research Methods for Surgeons
The text addresses the clinical research questions facing 21st century surgeons, and provides clear direction on how to incorporate sophisticated research techniques into practice. In addition to the surgical generalist, this practical volume is specifically oriented to surgeons who treat unique diseases, yet have no single resource to facilitate clinical research in these specific areas. This comprehensive and easy-to-use guide encompasses the entire process of clinical study design, application, and assessment. Part One is aimed at the young surgeon about to engage in new studies, and gives a general overview of the infrastructure of clinical research. Parts Two and Three are geared towards experienced investigators interested in pursuing clinical research and surgeons reviewing the literature for practical application. Part Two focuses on study design and related statistical issues, while Part Three is concerned with measuring and assessing the outcome of clinical studies. Part Four presents topics of interest to the active investigator, such as quality of care and cost-effectiveness analyses. Clinical Research Methods for Surgeons is relevant to both beginning investigators and established researchers, and addresses the unique concerns of surgical diseases and acknowledges that they require special approaches to deal with clinical questions.
Basic & Clinical Biostatistics
Provides medical students, researchers, and practitioners with the knowledge needed to develop sound judgment about data applicable to clinical care. This fifth edition has been updated throughout to deliver a comprehensive, timely introduction to biostatistics and epidemiology as applied to medicine, clinical practice, and research. Particular emphasis is on study design and interpretation of results of research.
