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Olfactory knows the truth
Olfaction, the sense of smell detects and discriminate odors as well as social cues which influence our innate responses. The olfactory system in human beings is found to be weak as compared to other animals; however, it seems to be very precise. It can detect and discriminate millions of chemical moieties (odorants) even in minuscule quantities. The sense of smell is greatly underappreciated, despite the fact that it monitors the intake of airborne agents into the human respiratory system and determine to a large degree the flavor and palatability of foods and beverage. In addition to enhancing quality of life, this primary sensory system warns of spoiled foods, leaking natural gas, polluted air and smoke, and mediates basic elements of communication (e.g., mother-infant interaction). It is now apparent that smell dysfunction is among the first clinical signs of such neurodegenerative diseases as Alzheimer’s disease and sporadic Parkinson’s disease.
Nutraceuticals in respiratory and pulmonary diseases
Explores nutraceuticals that have been found to be effective in managing and treating respiratory and pulmonary diseases. It explains nutritional supplements that function as adjuvants for respiratory health and which may be useful targets for developing innovative nutraceutical-active respiratory products. The book also discusses the role of vitamins, minerals, and functional foods in the prevention and treatment of respiratory illnesses such as asthma, bronchitis, airway constriction, chronic obstructive pulmonary disorder (COPD), etc. It also explores the potential role of various herbs and foods in the treatment of lung illnesses through the Ayurvedic practices. The effectiveness of various natural and dietary supplements as well as plant and animal-based nutritional supplements for respiratory health are also considered.
Nutraceutical fruits : Overview and disease prevention
While nutritional supplements have enormous advantages, food ingredients such as fruits and vegetables can play a significant preventative and therapeutic role in our daily lives. Fruits are found to have anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, antifungal, and chemopreventive properties that can boost health, as well as prevent diseases. This new book explores the use of fruits as nutraceuticals for alternative treatment, as well as for disease prevention. It looks at how nutraceutical fruits can be used to prevent and manage a range of diseases that include mental illness, cancer, respiratory and lung diseases, cardiovascular diseases, liver disease, inflammatory bowel diseases, sleep disorders, etc. The book also looks at the roles of nutraceutical fruits in the metabolic syndrome and provides information regarding the safety and toxicity of neutraceutical fruits.
Noncommunicable diseases
Focuses on cardiovascular disease, diabetes, cancer and chronic respiratory disease and their five shared main risk factors (tobacco use, harmful use of alcohol, unhealthy diet, physical inactivity and air pollution) as defined by the United Nations, this book provides a synopsis of one of the world’s biggest challenges of the 21st century. NCDs prematurely claim the lives of millions of people across the world every year, with untold suffering to hundreds of millions more, trapping many people in poverty and curtailing economic growth and sustainable development. While resources between and within countries largely differ, the key principles of surveillance, prevention and management apply to all countries, as does the need to focus resources on the most cost-effective and affordable interventions and the need for strong political will, sufficient resources, and sustained and broad partnerships. This compendium consists of 59 short and accessible chapters in six sections: (i) describing and measuring the burden and impact of NCDs / (ii) the burden, epidemiology and priority interventions for individual NCDs / (iii) social determinants and risk factors for NCDs and priority interventions / (iv) global policy / (v) cross-cutting issues / and (vi) stakeholder action.
Nicotine addiction and its treatment = إدمان النيكوتين وكيفية علاجه
Nicotine is the main cause of smoking addiction, and the custom of preparation for smoking itself and smell of cigarettes create addictive behavior among smokers. Today, nicotine is socially most widely accepted legal drug in the world, and its uptake into the organism through the respiratory tract is 10 times stronger than heroin. Addiction and necessity for cigarettes are constant and intense, and the treatment for smoking addicts is long and difficult. Smoking is a worldwide epidemic, which is closely connected to other addictions such as coffee, alcohol, drugs, and gambling. Smoking cessation is associated with clear health benefits. Cigarette smoking is the leading preventable cause of death in worldwide. In this project we will discuss the nicotine, the mechanism of its addiction and medications used for smoking cessation
Natural Products Targeting Clinically Relevant Enzymes
Covers the full spectrum of clinically relevant enzymes that are known to be targeted by natural products. Key enzymes include acetylcholine esterase, angiotensin-I-converting enzyme, cyclooxygenase, dihydrofolate reductase, phospholipase A2, respiratory complexes, and many more. By connecting the diversity of medicinal natural product sources with their potential clinical applications, this volume serves as a companion for the medicinal chemist looking for innovative small molecule compounds as well as for pharmacologist interested in the clinical effects and mode of action of herbal and traditional medicines.
Mucosal Immunology and Virology
Mucosal Immunology and Virology is designed to provide the clinician with a thorough and yet approachable textbook describing the relationships between immunology, virology and the disease process. It includes a vast wealth of information and illustrations to enable the reader to become familiar with the clinical presentation of these diseases, the tests needed to establish the diagnosis, and the treatment of the disease including specific antiviral agents. Suitable for residents and clinicians in immunology, infectious diseases, internal medicine and dermatology the book reviews the systematic manifestations of mucosal viral infections, including those involving the mouth, gastrointestinal tract, respiratory system, anogenital mucosa and ocular infections
Messenger RNA therapeutics
Focuses on the fundamentals and applications of messenger RNA (mRNA)-based therapeutics and discusses the strengths and key challenges of this emerging class of drugs. In the past 30 years, extensive research and technological development in many areas have contributed to the emergence of in vitro transcribed mRNA as a therapeutic that has now reached clinical testing. Formulations that protect the mRNA from nucleases and accelerate its cellular uptake, combined with improvements to the mRNA molecules themselves, have been critical advancements for mRNAs to become viable therapeutics. Though once regarded as a serious impediment, the transient nature of mRNA technology is now considered a major advantage in making mRNA therapies safe and, ultimately, a potential game changer in the field of medicine. This new book in the RNA Technologies series provides a state-of-the-art overview on the emerging field of mRNA therapeutics covering essential strategies for formulation, delivery, and application. It also reviews the promising role in cancer immunotherapy, respiratory diseases, and chronic HBV infection and discusses RNA vaccines in light of the current COVID-19 pandemic. mRNA-based approaches have great potential to revolutionize molecular biology, cell biology, biomedical research, and medicine.
Medical data processing and analysis
Medical data can be defined as obtaining information from patients (such as signals, images, sounds, chemical components and their concentration, body temperature, respiratory rate, blood pressure, and different treatment measurements) to quantify the patient’s status and disease stage. Computer-aided diagnostic (CAD) systems use classical image processing, computer vision, machine learning, and deep learning methods for image analysis. Using image classification or segmentation algorithms, they find a region of interest (ROI) pointing to a specific location within the given image or an outcome of interest in the form of a label pointing to a diagnosis or prognosis. Computer science, with the evolution of artificial intelligence and machine learning techniques, facilitates the modeling and interpretation of results—from carrying out measurements to experiments and observations.
Mechanical Ventilation
This book represents a state-of-the-art review by the leading experts in this field and covers a number of important topics including epidemiology, underlying physiological concepts, and approaches to monitoring. The pros and cons of various modes of ventilation are reviewed, as are novel forms of ventilation that may play a role in the future management of patients with respiratory failure. The importance of patient-ventilator synchrony and ventilator-induced lung injury are reviewed, with a focus on recent clinical trials and the challenges of implementing the results into clinical practice.
Introduction to basics of pharmacology and toxicology ; Vol.2 : Essentials of systemic pharmacology : From principles to practice
Describes the pharmacology of drugs acting on different systems in the human body Analyses various human diseases and the pharmacological agents governing them Provides a valuable reference resource for academicians, researchers, and clinical practitioners Offers a comprehensive overview of the pharmacology concerning the autonomic, central, and peripheral nervous systems. Presenting up-to-date information on chemical mediators and their significance, it highlights the therapeutic aspects of several diseases affecting the cardiovascular, renal, respiratory, gastrointestinal, endocrinal, and hematopoietic systems. The book also includes drug therapy for microbial and neoplastic diseases. It also comprises sections on immunopharmacology, dermatological, and ocular pharmacology providing valuable insights into these emerging and recent topics.
International Classification of HRCT for Occupational and Environmental Respiratory Diseases
Many international experts collaborated in creating this groundbreaking work, a principal-coding system, and in developing reference films and imaging parameters for the International Classification of HRCT for Occupational and Environmental Respiratory Diseases. The book is an authoritative guide to the recognition of dust diseases of the lung, using radiological imaging techniques, with special emphasis on high-resolution computerized tomography (CT). The classification is a powerful, essential tool for recording patient data on CT in a globally standardized semiquantitative way. The system is also applicable to surveillance and screening for occupational and environmental respiratory diseases. The book is a valuable resource not only for radiologists but for all who work in occupational medicine and public health.
Intensive Care Medicine ; Annual Update 2006
The Update compiles the most recent developments in experimental and clinical research and practice in one comprehensive reference book. The chapters are written by well recognized experts in the field of intensive care and emergency medicine. It is addressed to everyone involved in internal medicine, anesthesia, surgery, pediatrics, intensive care and emergency medicine.
Intensive Care Medicine : Annual Update 2008
The Update compiles the most recent developments in experimental and clinical research and practice in one comprehensive reference book. The chapters are written by well recognized experts in the field of intensive care and emergency medicine. It is addressed to everyone involved in internal medicine, anesthesia, surgery, pediatrics, intensive care and emergency medicine.
Integration in Respiratory Control : From Genes to Systems
This volume comprises the proceedings of the 10th Oxford Conference held at Lake Louise, Alberta, Canada, in September, 2006. The volume will be of interest to clinicians working with patients with breathing disorders.
Innervation of the Mammalian Esophagus
The esophagus is a relatively simple though vital organ. Beyond its role of propelling food from the pharynx to the stomach by a propulsive contraction wave representing the esophageal phase of deglutition, it is more recognized as a sensory organ from which a variety of respiratory and cardiovascular reflexes can be triggered.
Human microbiome : Clinical implications and therapeutic interventions
The human microbiome refers to the complete microorganisms inhabiting the human body sites including skin, ear, nose, oral cavity, the genital, gastrointestinal and respiratory tracts, and body fluids such as breast milk, saliva, and urine. It is a significant and essential organ recognized for the body and has an established involvement in the host wellbeing, in terms of nutritional requirements and immunomodulation. Talks about how alteration and imbalance in the same can have clinical implications associated with a multitude of gastrointestinal, lifestyle-associated, and neurodegenerative disorders. How the proliferation of specific groups of bacteria and their metabolic activities, as a result of intestinal dysbiosis leads to the 'leaky gut' condition thereby influences brain activity via the bidirectional gut-brain axis. It also coves the importance of microbial seeding and how it can be influenced by the mode of delivery, nutrition, and medication. This book also provides various therapeutic interventions such as the establishment of stool banks and Faecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) that have recently proved promising in the treatment of ASD, Inflammatory Bowel Disease, and Ulcerative Colitis. This book provides a deeper understanding of the development of the human gut microbiome and the factors driving its dysbiosis. This book is a valuable read for health professionals, medical students, nutritionists, and scientific research communities who are eager to update themselves with recent trends in microbiome research. It will also aid gastroenterologists and nutritionists to make well-informed choices regarding therapeutic regimes.
Home Long-Term Oxygen Treatment in Italy : The Additional Value of Telemedicine
This book, edited by Roberto W. Dal Negro and Allen I. Goldberg, gives us a full account of the impact of the telemedicine system on H-LTOT. According to the information in this book, we have to begin to think about the possibility of using telemonitoring in H-LTOT in a really general manner. In fact, telemonitoring allows better control of the compliance of patients suffering from respiratory failure, and this means a better clinical condition and longer survival, both linked to the long-term administration of oxygen. Moreover, it also permits a reduction in expenditure for the management of patients under LTOT.
Handbook of Atopic Eczema
This second edition comprises the state of the art in pathophysiology, clinical medicine and therapeutic management. It demonstrates that there is no simple "miracle" cream, pill or diet for this disease, but that a disturbed barrier function can only be repaired by adequate and individualized skin care and it shows how unspecific anti-inflammatory treatment has to be individually tailored according to body area affected, patient age and acuity of skin lesions.
Genetic Basis for Respiratory Control Disorders
The objective of the book is to supply state-of-the-art contributions about all aspects of respiratory control genetics, from the molecular to the system level. The book aims to review the full spectrum of available knowledge, which starts with early physiological studies in health and disease in humans and studies in rodents that suggested a hereditary component to respiratory control. The spectrum extends to recent work elucidating crucial molecular aspects of respiratory control development, from early embryonic specifications in the neural tube to the function of respiratory rhythm generators.
