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Open and Toroidal Electrophoresis : Ultra-High Separation Efficiencies in Capillaries, Microchips and Slabs
Written by one of the developers of Toroidal Capillary Electrophoresis (TCE), this book is the first to present this novel analytical technique, in detail, to the field of analytical chemistry. The exact expressions of separation efficiency, resolution, peak capacity, and many other performance indicators of the open and toroidal layouts are presented and compared.
Online Storage Systems and Transportation Problems with Applications : Optimization Models and Mathematical Solutions
This books covers the analysis and development of online algorithms involving exact optimization and heuristic techniques, and their application to solve two real life problems. The first problem is concerned with a complex technical system: a special carousel based high-speed storage system - Rotastore. It is shown that this logistic problem leads to an NP-hard Batch PreSorting problem which is not easy to solve optimally in offline situations. The second problem originates in the health sector and leads to a vehicle routing problem. Reasonable solutions for the offline case covering a whole day with a few hundred orders are constructed with a heuristic approach, as well as by simulated annealing. Optimal solutions for typical online instances are computed by an efficient column enumeration approach leading to a set partitioning problem and a set of routing-scheduling subproblems. The latter are solved exactly with a branch-and-bound method which prunes nodes if they are value-dominated by previous found solutions or if they are infeasible with respect to the capacity or temporal constraints.
One-Dimensional Nanostructures
One-dimensional (1D) nanostructures, including nanowires, nanotubes and quantum wires, have been regarded as the most promising building blocks for nanoscale electronic and optoelectronic devices. Worldwide efforts in both the theory and the experimental investigation of growth, characterization and applications of 1D nanostructures have resulted in a mature, multidisciplinary field. In this book, a wealth of state-of-the-art information offers the opportunity to uncover the underlying science from diverse perspectives. Leading researchers elucidate the synthesis and properties of 1D nanostructures for various morphologies and compositions (semiconductor, metal, carbon, etc.) as well as their considerable impact on spintronics, information storage, and the design of field-effect transistors.
On the Topology of Isolated Singularities in Analytic Spaces
The aim of this book is to give an overview of selected topics on the topology of real and complex isolated singularities, with emphasis on its relations to other branches of geometry and topology. The first chapters are mostly devoted to complex singularities and a myriad of results spread in a vast literature, which are presented here in a unified way, accessible to non-specialists. Among the topics are the fibration theorems of Milnor; the relation with 3-dimensional Lie groups; exotic spheres; spin structures and 3-manifold invariants; the geometry of quadrics and Arnold's theorem which states that the complex projective plane modulo conjugation is the 4-sphere. The second part of the book studies pioneer work about real analytic singularities which arise from the topological and geometric study of holomorphic vector fields and foliations. In the low dimensional case these turn out to be related to fibred links in the 3-sphere defined by meromorphic functions. This provides new methods for constructing manifolds equipped with a rich geometry.
On the path to AI : Law’s prophecies and the conceptual foundations of the machine learning age
This book explores machine learning and its impact on how we make sense of the world. It does so by bringing together two ‘revolutions’ in a surprising analogy: the revolution of machine learning, which has placed computing on the path to artificial intelligence, and the revolution in thinking about the law that was spurred by Oliver Wendell Holmes Jr in the last two decades of the 19th century.
On the Moon : The Apollo Journals
This book explains how the Apollo crews learned to work on the lunar surface. Its lively and informative text draws heavily on transcripts and photographs to illustrate points. It puts the reader on the lunar surface with the astronauts, sharing their observations, excitement, and frustrations.
omputational science and its applications - ICCSA 2005 ; Vol. 3480 ; International Conference, Singapore, May 9-12, 2005, Proceedings, Part I
The four volume set assembled following The 2005 International Conference on Computational Science and its Applications, ICCSA 2005, held in Suntec International Convention and Exhibition Centre, Singapore, from 9 May 2005 till 12 May 2005, represents the ?ne collection of 540 refereed papers selected from nearly 2,700 submissions. Computational Science has ?rmly established itself as a vital part of many scienti?c investigations, a?ecting researchers and practitioners in areas ranging from applications such as aerospace and automotive, to emerging technologies such as bioinformatics and nanotechnologies, to core disciplines such as ma- ematics, physics, and chemistry. Due to the shear size of many challenges in computational science, the use of supercomputing, parallel processing, and - phisticated algorithms is inevitable and becomes a part of fundamental t- oretical research as well as endeavors in emerging ?elds.
Oil and Security : A World Beyond Petroleum
This book examines the economic impact of changes in the global demand and supply for fossil fuels both on the major producers in Middle Eastern countries around the Persian Gulf, other producers, as well as the world at large. The economic, social and political life of most countries is not only intimately linked to and influenced by the energy market but also affected by historical developments. Among other issues, it shows how the economic, social and political development of societies in Arabia, the peoples of the Arab Peninsula are influenced by their historic and cultural environment, and what the future may bring to this region when their principal economic assets, petroleum and gas, start to lose markets as alternative sources of fossil fuel, alternative, and renewable energy supply the bulk of global energy needs. It also describes how changing fossil fuel costs, access, security of supply, and environmental impacts may affect future economic, social, and political developments as well as technological advances and changes in priorities.
Offshore Wind Energy : Research on Environmental Impacts
The accompanying ecological research for using wind energy in the German North and Baltic Seas has brought out a variety of results concerning possible effects on the marine environment. This book provides an overview of the state of the accompanying ecological research in Germany. It shows the relevance of the new results of the research projects for the planning and permission process for offshore wind energy farms.
Observation of the Earth System from Space
A special highlight is the - termination of seasonal gravity variations caused by changes in continental water masses. For GOCE, to be launched in 2006, new gravity field analysis methods are under development and integrated into the ESA processing s- tem. 200,000 GPS radio occultation pro?les, observed by CHAMP, have been processed on an operational basis. They represent new and excellent inf- mation on atmospheric refractivity, temperature and water vapor. These new developments require geodetic space techniques (such as VLBI, SLR, LLR, GPS) to be combined and synchronized as if being one global instrument.
Object-Oriented Data Structures Using Java ; 4th ed.
an essential resource for students learning data structures using the Java programming language. It presents both the traditional and modern data structure topics with an emphasis on problem-solving and object-oriented software design. Beginning early and continuing throughout the text, it introduces and expands upon the use of many Java features such as classes, objects, generics, polymorphism, packages, interfaces, library classes, inheritance, exceptions, and threads.
Nutritional psychiatry
Provides a comprehensive overview of nutritional psychiatry, elucidating its theoretical foundations, the biological mechanisms linking diet to mental health (including inflammation, oxidative stress, disrupted energy metabolism the gut–brain axis and other implicated pathways), and the current evidence base for dietary impacts on major psychiatric disorders such as depression, anxiety, schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, and ADHD.
Nutritional Management of the Surgical Patient
Provides the first comprehensive evidence-based overview of the nutritional and dietary therapies for surgical patients. It takes clinicians through every stage of surgery, from pre-operative and immediate post-operative care, through to long term recovery and survivorship. This book describes the impact of surgical procedures and their complications and the effect these have on nutritional status as well as the nutritional strategies utilised to manage patients in these settings.
Nutrition, chemistry, and health effects of sugar, salt, and milkfat
Covers sugar, salt and milk fat from a chemical perspective, and presents an overview of the role of these ingredients in our food, focusing on their flavors, satiety-inducing properties, nutritional impact, and health effects. The book begins with a chapter devoted to the chemical composition of these taste enhancers and satiety-inducing components, followed by a chapter that sheds light on the persuasive tactics employed by the food industry and their impact on consumer behavior, ultimately discussing the complex relationship between marketing strategies and public health. In Chapter 3, the author presents case studies and explores the nutritional requirements of these ingredients, while considering their physiological effects ad potential implications for human health. In Chapter 4, the author evaluates current consumption patterns and their implications, analyzing trends, policies, and opportunities to shape healthier dietary choices.
Nutraceuticals in insomnia and sleep problems
Sleep is one of the most important and crucial physiological needs for maintaining a healthy life. However, in today’s day and age, insomnia and other sleep disorders, such as sleep apnea, are increasing rapidly. This new book details the nutraceuticals from foods that help to promote good health and optimum sleep. The authors discuss the importance of sleep, the role of diet in sleep, the role of specific vitamins and minerals, amino acids and opioids as nutraceuticals for sleep, newer technologies for use and delivery of nutraceuticals for treating insomnia, and more. The book not only explores nutraceuticals that promote optimum sleep but also details foods that cause insomnia, such as processed, chemical-rich, and refined foods. Chapters also cover commensal and symbiotic microbes, microbial metabolites, and bacteriocins and their impact on sleep. A chapter on the ethical issues related to addiction to nutraceuticals for sleep induction is also included.
Nutraceuticals for the treatment and prevention of sexual disorders
Covers diverse aspects of sexual dysfunctions and the role of nutraceutical therapeutics, applying both traditional knoweldge and modern evidence-based research. The new book focuses on the use of nutraceuticals on sexual disorders, highlighting the working solutions as well as open problems and future challenges in the use of nutraceuticals in sexual disorder research. Disucssing state-of-the-art developments and trends in this field, the book covers the use of antioxidants in stress-induced male infertility, the role of nutraceuticals in prostate cancer, male sex hormone disturbances, and the impact of nutraceuticals on male accessory organs. The book also addresses the use of nutraceuticals on female sexual disorders and remedial measures in treating breast cancer, cervical complications, pregnancy health and disorders, menstrual disturbances, female sex hormones, female infertility, and prevention of vaginal infections. The book also covers the use of nutraceuticals to combat general sexual disorders such as urinogenital complications, geriatric sexual functions, traditional nutraceuticals use for sexual disorders, the use of nutritional spices for sexual disorders, and the role of nutraceuticals on transgendered individuals.
Nutraceuticals : Sources, processing methods, properties, and applications
Explores the impact of nutraceutical compounds on human health and their main pharmacological contributions. Organized into three parts, this book addresses nutraceutical production, applications for disease prevention and treatment, and current trends, especially the role of nutraceuticals in cosmeceutical. Nutraceuticals are a class of products that can help people improve their health, reduce the risk of disease, extend their lives, and control the structure and functioning of their bodies. However, due to multiple hurdles that prevent nutraceuticals from circulating in an active form in the body, their use is associated with diminished therapeutic efficacy. Recognizing this problem, the book explores the root of the nutraceutical delivery system and its codelivery methods with a focus on medicines. With contributions from experienced nutraceutical experts, this book serves as a valuable reference for nutrition researchers, food scientists, pharmacologists, and those who are researching and studying in related areas.
Numerical Treatment of Partial Differential Equations
In 1988 we started work on the frst German edition of our book, which appeared in 1992. Our aim was to give students a textbook that contained the basic concepts and ideas behind most numerical methods for partial di?er- tial equations. The success of this frst edition and the second edition in 1994 encouraged us, ten years later, to write an almost completely new version, taking into account comments from colleagues and students and drawing on the enormous progress made in the numerical analysis of partial di?erential equations in recent times. The present English version slightly improves the third German edition of 2005: we have corrected some minor errors and added additional material and references.
Numerical Methods for General and Structured Eigenvalue Problems
The purpose of this book is to describe recent developments in solving eig- value problems, in particular with respect to the QR and QZ algorithms as well as structured matrices. Outline Mathematically speaking, the eigenvalues of a square matrix A are the roots of its characteristic polynomial det(A??I). An invariant subspace is a linear subspace that stays invariant under the action of A. In realistic applications, it usually takes a long process of simpli?cations, linearizations and discreti- tions before one comes up with the problem of computing the eigenvalues of a matrix. In some cases, the eigenvalues have an intrinsic meaning, e.g., for the expected long-time behavior of a dynamical system; in others they are just meaningless intermediate values of a computational method. The same applies to invariant subspaces, which for example can describe sets of initial states for which a dynamical system produces exponentially decaying states. Computing eigenvalues has a long history, dating back to at least 1846 when Jacobi [172] wrote his famous paper on solving symmetric eigenvalue problems. Detailed historical accounts of this subject can be found in two papers by Golub and van der Vorst [140, 327].
Nucleation and Atmospheric Aerosols ; 17th International Conference, Galway, Ireland, 2007
Atmospheric particles are ubiquitous in the atmosphere: they form the seeds for cloud droplets and they form haze layers, blocking out incoming radiation and contributing to a partial cooling of our climate. They also contribute to poor air quality and health impacts. This book brings together the leading experts from the nucleation and atmospheric aerosols research communities to present the current state-of-the-art knowledge in these related fields.
