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Variational Analysis and Generalized Differentiation II : Applications
This monographs contains a comprehensive and and state-of-the art study of the basic concepts and principles of variational analysis and generalized differentiation in both finite-dimensional and infinite dimensional spaces and presents numerous applications to problems in the optimization, equilibria, stability and sensitivity, control theory, economics, mechanics, etc.
Variational Analysis and Generalized Differentiation I : Basic Theory
This monograph in two volumes contains a comprehensive and state-of-the art study of the basic concepts and principles of variational analysis and generalized differentiation in both finite-dimensional and infinite dimensional spaces and presents numerous applications to problems in the optimization, equilibria, stability and sensitivity, control theory, economics, mechanics, etc.
Thermodynamic equilibria and extrema : Analysis of attainability regions and partial equilibrium
Discusses mathematical models that are based on the concepts of classical equilibrium thermodynamics. They are intended for the analysis of possible results of diverse natural and production processes. Unlike the traditional models, these allow one to view the achievable set of partial equilibria with regards to constraints on kinetics, energy and mass exchange and to determine states of the studied systems of interest for the researcher. Application of the suggested models in chemical technology, energy and ecology is illustrated in the examples.
Standardization and Expectations
Technological progress has brought about a multitude of standardization problems. For instance, compatibility standards ensure the interoperability of goods, which is of decisive importance when users face positive externalities in consumption. Consumers' expectations are key to the problem of whether a new technology will prevail as de-facto standard or not. Early adopters must be confident that the network good will be successful.
Social Choice and Strategic Decisions : Essays in Honor of Jeffrey S. Banks
Social choices, about expenditures on government programs, or about public policy more broadly, or indeed from any conceivable set of alternatives, are determined by politics. This book is a collection of essays that tie together the fields spanned by Jeffrey S. Banks` research on this subject. It examines the strategic aspects of political decision-making, including the choices of voters in committees, the positioning of candidates in electoral campaigns, and the behavior of parties in legislatures. The chapters of this book contribute to the theory of voting with incomplete information, to the literature on Downsian and probabilistic voting models of elections, to the theory of social choice in distributive environments, and to the theory of optimal dynamic decision-making. The essays employ a spectrum of research methods, from game-theoretic analysis, to empirical investigation, to experimental testing. In the manner of Jeffrey S. Banks` research, these pieces focus on fundamental social scientific issues, such as the welfare properties of voting systems, the existence and characterization of electroral equilibria, and the impact of parties on political processes.
Sensitivity Analysis : Matrix Methods in Demography and Ecology
This book shows how to use sensitivity analysis in demography. It presents new methods for individuals, cohorts, and populations, with applications to humans, other animals, and plants. The analyses are based on matrix formulations of age-classified, stage-classified, and multistate population models. Methods are presented for linear and nonlinear, deterministic and stochastic, and time-invariant and time-varying cases. Readers will discover results on the sensitivity of statistics of longevity, life disparity, occupancy times, the net reproductive rate, and statistics of Markov chain models in demography. They will also see applications of sensitivity analysis to population growth rates, stable population structures, reproductive value, equilibria under immigration and nonlinearity, and population cycles. Individual stochasticity is a theme throughout, with a focus that goes beyond expected values to include variances in demographic outcomes.
Public Interest and Private Enterprize : New Developments : Theoretical Results and Numerical Algorithms
This book deals with the effect of public and semi-public companies on economy. In traditional economic models, several private companies – interested in maximizing their profit – interact (e.g., compete) with each other. Such models help to avoid wild oscillation in production and prices (typical for uncontrolled competition), and to come up with a stable equilibrium solution. The problems become very complex if we take into account the presence of public and semi-public companies – that are interested in public good as well as in the profit. The book contains theoretical results and numerical techniques for computing resulting equilibria. As a case study, it considers the problem of selecting optimal tolls for the public roads – tolls that best balance the public good and the need to recover the cost of building the roads. It is recommended to specialists in economics as well as to students interested in learning the corresponding economic models.
Principles of Network Economics
Network problems are manifold and extremely complex. Many problems result from engineering details or mathematical difficulties, others are caused by disregarding economic principles and imperfections of markets. The text provides a fairly integrated approach of transportation related "network problems" and their "solutions" with emphasis on economics or, more precisely, microeconomic theory.
Phase Transitions of Simple Systems
This monograph develops a unified microscopic basis for phases and phase changes of bulk matter and small systems in terms of classical physics. The origins of such phase changes are derived from simple but physically relevant models of how transitions between rigid crystalline, glassy and fluid states occur, how phase equilibria arise, and how bulk properties evolve from those of small systems.
Pareto Optimality, Game Theory And Equilibria
Examines important recent developments and modern applications in the fields of optimization, control, game theory, and equilibrium programming. In particular, the concepts of equilibrium and optimality are of immense practical importance affecting decision-making problems regarding policy and strategies, and in understanding and predicting systems in different application domains, ranging from economics and engineering to military applications.
Modern Aspects of Electrochemistry ; Vol. 38
Solid State Electrochemistry encompassing modern equilibria concepts, thermodymanics and kinetics of charge carriers in solids.,Electron transfer processes, with special sections devoted to hydration of the proton and its heterogeneous transfer.Electrosorption at electrodes and its relevance to electrocatalysis and electrodeposition of metals,The behavior of Pt and other alloy electrocatalyst crystallites used as the electrode materials for phosphoric acid electrolyte fuel-cells.Applications of reflexology and electron microscopy to the materials science aspect of metal electrodes.Electroplating of metal matrix composites by codeposition of suspended particles, a process that has improved physical and electrochemical properties.
Modelling, Analysis and Optimization of Biosystems
Mathematical models in biology and medicine cannot be based on natural laws as it is the case with physics and chemistry. This is due to the fact that biological and medical processes are concerned with living organisms. Mathematical models, however, can be used as a language by which certain aspects of biological or medical processes can be expressed. In general, several mathematical models can be designed in order to describe a biological or medical process and there is no unique criterion which model gives the best description. This book presents several of these models and shows applications of them to different biological and medical problems. The book shows that operations research expertise is necessary in respect to modeling, analysis and optimization of biosystems.
Metamorphoses of Hamiltonian Systems with Symmetries
Modern notions and important tools of classical mechanics are used in the study of concrete examples that model physically significant molecular and atomic systems. The parametric nature of these examples leads naturally to the study of the major qualitative changes of such systems (metamorphoses) as the parameters are varied. The symmetries of these systems, discrete or continuous, exact or approximate, are used to simplify the problem through a number of mathematical tools and techniques like normalization and reduction. The book moves gradually from finding relative equilibria using symmetry, to the Hamiltonian Hopf bifurcation and its relation to monodromy and, finally, to generalizations of monodromy.
Internet and Network Economics ; Vol. 4286 ; 2nd International Workshop, WINE 2006, Patras, Greece, December 15-17, 2006, Proceedings
Constitutes the refereed proceedings of the Second International Workshop on Internet and Network Economics, WINE 2006, held in Patras, Greece in December 2006. The 32 revised full papers presented together with 3 invited talks were carefully reviewed and selected from 79 submissions. The papers contain foundational and mathematical work from theories, methodologies, and applications in computer science, economics, mathematics, and management sciences for solving problems arisen in internet technologies, grid computing, network communication protocols, as well as social economic issues in virtual communities enabled through the World Wide Web.
Internet and Network Economics ; Vol. 3828 : 1st International Workshop, WINE 2005, Hong Kong, China, December 15-17, 2005, Proceedings
Consists of the main program of 31 papers, of which the submitter email accounts are: 10 from edu (USA) accounts, 3 from hk (Hong Kong), 2 each from il (Isreal), cn (China), ch (Switzerland), de (Germany), jp (Japan), gr (Greece), 1 each from hp. com, sohu. com, pl (Poland), fr (France), ca (Canada), and in (India). In addition, 77 papers from 20 countries or regions and 6 dot. coms were selected for 16 special focus tracks in the areas of Internet and Algorithmic Economics; E-Commerce Protocols; Security; Collaboration, Reputation and Social Networks; Algorithmic Mechanism; Financial Computing; Auction Algorithms; Online Algorithms; Collective Rationality; Pricing Policies; Web Mining Strategies; Network Economics; Coalition Strategies; Internet Protocols; Price Sequence; Equilibrium.
Internet and network economics ; 4th International Workshop, WINE 2008, Shanghai, China, December 17-20, 2008. Proceedings
This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 4th International Workshop on Internet and Network Economics, WINE 2008, held in Shanghai, China, in December 2008.The 68 revised full papers presented together with 10 invited talks were carefully reviewed and selected from 126 submissions. The papers are organized in topical sections on market equilibrium, congestion games, information markets, nash equilibrium, network games, solution concepts, algorithms and optimization, mechanism design, equilibrium, online advertisement, sponsored search auctions, and voting problems.
Internet and Network Economics ; 3rd International Workshop,WINE 2007, San Diego, CA, USA, December 12-14, 2007, Proceedings
This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the Third International Workshop on Internet and Network Economics, WINE 2007, held in San Diego, CA, USA, in December 2007.
Institutions, Equilibria and Efficiency: Essays in Honor of Birgit Grodal
Competition and efficiency is at the core of economic theory. This volume collects papers of leading scholars, which extend the conventional general equilibrium model in important ways: Efficiency and price regulation are studied when markets are incomplete and existence of equilibria in such settings is proven under very general preference assumptions. The model is extended to include geographical location choice, a commodity space incorporating manufacturing imprecision and preferences for club-membership, schools and firms.
Index and Stability in Bimatrix Games : A Geometric-Combinatorial Approach
The contribution of this thesis can be divided into two parts. The first part concerns methods and techniques. By introducing a new geometriccombinatorial construction for bimatrix games, this thesis gives a new, intuitive re-interpretation of the index. This re-interpretation is to a large extent self-contained and does not require a background in algebraic topology. The second part of this thesis concerns the relationship between the index and strategic properties. In this context, the thesis provides two new results, both of which are obtained by means of the new construction and are explained in further detail below. The first result shows that, in non-degenerate bimatrix games, the index can fully be described by a simple strategic property.
Gas Adsorption Equilibria : Experimental Methods and Adsorptive Isotherms
This book is intended to present for the first time experimental methods to measure equilibria states of pure and mixed gases being adsorbed on the surface of solid materials. It has been written for engineers and scientists from industry and academia who are interested in adsorption-based gas separation processes and/or in using gas adsorption for characterization of the porosity of solid materials.Special emphasis is given to uncertainties of data and pros and cons of all measurement methods are offered.
