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Physical (A)Causality : Determinism, Randomness and Uncaused Events
Addresses the physical phenomenon of events that seem to occur spontaneously and without any known cause. These are to be contrasted with events that happen in a predetermined, predictable, lawful, and causal way. The book tries to answer some of these questions by introducing intrinsic, embedded observers and provable unknowns; that is, observables and procedures which are certified (relative to the assumptions) to be unknowable or undoable. A (somewhat iconoclastic) review of quantum mechanics is presented which is inspired by quantum logic. Postulated quantum (un-)knowables are reviewed. More exotic unknowns originate in the assumption of classical continua, and in finite automata and generalized urn models, which mimic complementarity and yet maintain value definiteness. Traditional conceptions of free will, miracles and dualistic interfaces are based on gaps in an otherwise deterministic universe.
Photonic Crystals : Towards Nanoscale Photonic Devices
Just like the periodical crystalline potential in solid state crystals determines their properties for the conduction of electrons, the periodical structuring of photonic crystals leads to envisioning the possibility of achieving a control of the photon flux in dielectric and metallic materials. The use of photonic crystals as cages for storing, filtering or guiding light at the wavelength scale paves the way to the realization of optical and optoelectronic devices with ultimate properties and dimensions. This will contribute towards meeting the demands for greater miniaturization imposed by the processing of an ever increasing number of data.
Photonic Crystals : Towards Nanoscale Photonic Devices
Just like the periodical crystalline potential in solid-state crystals determines their properties for the conduction of electrons, the periodical structuring of photonic crystals leads to envisioning the possibility of achieving a control of the photon flux in dielectric and metallic materials. The use of photonic crystals as a cage for storing, filtering or guiding light at the wavelength scale thus paves the way to the realisation of optical and optoelectronic devices with ultimate properties and dimensions. This should contribute toward meeting the demands for a greater miniaturisation that the processing of an ever increasing number of data requires. Photonic Crystals intends at providing students and researchers from different fields with the theoretical background needed for modelling photonic crystals and their optical properties, while at the same time presenting the large variety of devices, from optics to microwaves, where photonic crystals have found applications. As such, it aims at building bridges between optics, electromagnetism and solid-state physics.
Photoautotrophic (sugar-free medium) Micropropagation as a New Micropropagation and Transplant Production System
This book provides two basic concepts on plant propagation and value-added transplant production in a closed structure with artificial lighting: 1) photoautotrophic (sugar-free medium, photosynthetic or inorganic nutrition) micropropagation systems, and 2) closed transplant production systems with minimum resource consumption and environmental pollution. This book also describes the methodology, technology and practical techniques employed in both systems, which have been commercialized recently in some Asian countries such as China and Japan. We often use a closed structure such as a tissue culture vessel, a culture room, a growth chamber, a plant factory with lamps, and a greenhouse to propagate plants and produce transplants. Main reasons why we use such a closed structure is: 1) higher controllability of the environment for desired plant growth, 2) easier protection of plants from damage by harsh physical environment, pathogens, insects, animals, etc, 3) easier reduction in resource consumption for environmental control and protection, and 4) higher quality and productivity of plants at a lower cost, compared with the plant propagation and transplant production under rain, wind and sunlight shelters and in the open fields. Thus, there should be some knowledge, discipline, methodology, technology and problems to be solved on plant propagation and transplant production common to those closed structures, regardless of the types and sizes of the closed structure.
Pharmaceutical drug product development and process optimization : Effective Use of quality by design
Presents and discusses the vital precepts underlying the efficient, effective, and cost-effective development of pharmaceutical drug products. It focuses on the adoption of systematic quality principles of pharmaceutical development, which is imperative in achieving continuous improvement in end-product quality and also leads to reducing cost, time, and effort, while meeting regulatory requirements. Key features: Reviews a vast collection of literature on applicability of systematic product development tools / Discusses various dosage forms where challenges are very high / Provides regulatory guidance related specific dosage form development / Covers the major types of drug products, including enteral, parenteral, and other (including transdermal, inhalation, etc.)
Phage gang : The power of bacteriophage
Presents recent phage therapy advances and challenges in cancer therapy, exploring its versatile tools and vaccine potential
Pervasive Collaborative Networks ; IFIP TC 5 WG 5.5 Ninth Working Conference on VIRTUAL ENTERPRISES, September 8-10, 2008, Poznan, Poland
The IFIP series publishes state-of-the-art results in the sciences and technologies of information and communication. The scope of the series includes: foundations of computer science; software theory and practice; education; computer applications in technology; communication systems; systems modeling and optimization; information systems; computers and society; computer systems technology; security and protection in information processing systems; artificial intelligence; and human-computer interaction. Proceedings and post-proceedings of refereed international conferences in computer science and interdisciplinary fields are featured. These results often precede journal publication and represent the most current research.
Perspectives on Operations Research : Essays in Honor of Klaus Neumann
Operations Research, the science of better, is a discipline that permanently produces and applies advanced analytical techniques to help make better decisions and to solve problems. This volume presents state-of-the-art models, algorithms, and applications of quantitative methods in management and economics. The papers have been contributed by disciples, colleagues, scientific companions, and friends of Klaus Neumann on the occasion of his emeritation.
Perspectives in Modern Project Scheduling
Operations Research began with the mathematical scheduling of a massive project—logistically supplying Europe with military equipment and goods during the WWII. Today project scheduling research continues growing in a variety of its theoretical models, in its magnitude and application. As the world becomes more interrelated and complex, the wider its research is applied to an increasing number of project scheduling problems. Project Scheduling: Surveying the State-of-the-Art surveys the current state-of-the-art in operations research with chapters written by the respective leading experts on each topic. It covers the range of the key models in the field, including deterministic, probabilistic, single- and multi-mode, single- and multi-objective, and a general model on discrete-continuous resources. Recent solution algorithms are systematical examined. The book summarize sthe current developments and theoretical achievements in the field, including project uncertainty and grid resource management.
Personal Wireless Communications ; The 12th IFIP International Conference on Personal Wireless Communications (PWC 2007), Prague, Czech Republic, September 2007
The IFIP series publishes state-of-the-art results in the sciences and technologies of information and communication. The principal aim of the IFIP series is to encourage education and the dissemination and exchange of information about all aspects of computing.
Personal Wireless Communications ; IFIP TC6 11th International Conference, PWC 2006, Albacete, Spain, September 20-22, 2006, Proceedings
This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the IFIP-TC6 11th International Conference on Personal Wireless Communications, PWC 2006. The book presents 25 revised full papers and 13 revised short papers, carefully reviewed and selected from 100 submissions. The papers are organized in topical sections on mobile and wireless networking, QoS, ad-hoc, security, wireless LAN, cross-layer design, wireless sensor networks, physical layer, and mobile and wireless applications.
Peroxiredoxin Systems : Structures and Functions
In the introductory Chapter 1 we provide a short historical survey of the subject, based upon the early structural and enzymic studies on peroxiredoxins, and then lead into some of our current personal interests, such as the likely continuing contribution of transmission electron microscopy (TEM) for the study of high molecular mass peroxiredoxin complexes and the association of peroxiredoxins with other proteins, and the targeting of drugs against microbial peroxiredoxins, as future therapeutic approaches.
Perception-based data processing in acoustics : Applications to music information retrieval and psychophysiology of hearing
The objective of the monograph is to provide novel insights into cognitive mechanisms underlying processing of sound and music in different environments. A solid understanding of these mechanisms is vital for numerous technological applications.
Pentecostalism and Witchcraft : Spiritual Warfare in Africa and Melanesia
Presents fresh ethnographic work from the regions of Africa and Melanesia—where the popularity of charismatic Christianity can be linked to a revival and transformation of witchcraft. The volume demonstrates how the Holy Spirit has become an adversary to the reconfirmed presence of witches, demons, and sorcerers as manifestations of evil. We learn how this is articulated in spiritual warfare, in crusades, and in healing or witch-killing raids. The contributors highlight what happens to phenomena that people address as locally specific witchcraft or sorcery when re-molded within the universalist Pentecostal demonology, vocabulary, and confrontational methodology.
Paths : Why is life filled with so many detours?
This book explores the amazing similarity between paths taken by people and many other things in life, and its impact on the way we live, teach and learn. Offering insights into the new scientific field of paths as part of the science of networks, it entertainingly describes the universal nature of paths in large networked structures. It also shows the amazing similarity in the ways humans and other – even nonliving – things navigate in a complex environment, to allow readers to easily grasp how paths emerge in many walks of life, and how they are navigated.
Parasites, pussycats and psychosis : The unknown dangers of human toxoplasmosis
Analyzes the evidence linking Toxoplasma gondii to the increasing incidence of schizophrenia and bipolar disorder in the United States. Initially establishing that infectious agents are regularly transmitted from animals to humans, lead to human disease, and that infectious agents can cause psychosis, it then examines the protozoan parasite Toxoplasma gondii in detail. Infecting 40 million Americans, Toxoplasma gondii is known to cause congenital infections, eye disease, and encephalitis for individuals who are immunosuppressed.
Parallel Processing and Applied Mathematics ; 6th International Conference, PPAM 2005, Poznan, Poland, September 11-14, 2005, Revised Selected Papers
Constitutes the refereed post-proceedings of the 6th International Conference on Parallel Processing and Applied Mathematics, PPAM 2005. This book presents the papers organized in topical sections on parallel and distributed architectures, parallel and distributed non-numerical algorithms, performance analysis, and prediction and optimization.
Paleopalynology ; 2nd ed.
Paleopalynology, second edition, provides profusely illustrated treatment of fossil palynomorphs, including spores, pollen, dinoflagellate cysts, acritarchs, chitinozoans, scolecodonts, and various microscopic fungal and algal dispersal bodies. The book serves both as a student text and general reference work. Palynomorphs yield information about age, geological and biological environment, climate during deposition, and other significant factors about the enclosing rocks. Extant spores and pollen are treated first, preparing the student for more difficult work with fossil sporomorphs and other kinds of palynomorphs. Recognizing that palynomorphs occur together in rocks because of chemical robustness and stratigraphic distribution, not biological relationship, the central sections are organized stratigraphically. Among many other topics presented are the sedimentation and geothermal alteration of palynomorphs, and palynofacies analysis. An appendix describes laboratory methods. The glossary, bibliographies and index are useful tools for study of the literature.
Ozone : Pharmaceutical forms and therapeutic applications
The Ozone gas absorbs harmful ultraviolet radiation from the sun and plays a role in the continuation of the biological balance of the earth. It was used as a disinfectant due to its bactericidal and fungicidal effects. The Germans used in the treatment of gaseous gangrenous soldiers in the First World War and after the success in the treatment; ozone was started to be used in the treatment of diseases as medical component. Nowadays, surgery, internal diseases, neurology, urology, dermatology and gynecology use ozone in the treatment of diseases and in many other domains such as skin care and disinfection of liquids and mediums. Ozone gas plays a role in strengthening of the body's defense mechanism.
OZONE : A New Medical Drug
Clarifies that, in the often nebulous field of natural medicine, the biological bases of ozone therapy are totally in line with classic biochemical, physiological and pharmacological knowledge. Ozone is an oxidising molecule, a sort of superactive oxygen, which, by reacting with blood components, generates a number of chemical messengers responsible for activating crucial biological functions such as oxygen delivery, immune activation, release of hormones and induction of antioxidant enzymes, which is an exceptional property for correcting the chronic oxidative stress present in atherosclerosis, diabetes, infections and cancer. Moreover ozone therapy, by inducing nitric oxide synthase, may mobilize endogenous stem cells, which will promote regeneration of ischaemic tissues. The description of these phenomena offers the first comprehensive picture for understanding how ozone works and why, when properly used as a real drug within the therapeutic range, not only does not procure adverse effects but yields a feeling of wellness. Half of the book describes the value of ozone therapy in several diseases, particularly cutaneous infections and vascular diseases where ozone really behaves as a "wonder" drug.
