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Social Multi-Criteria Evaluation for a Sustainable Economy
The real world is characterized by deep complexity. May be a rather unremarkable observation, yet it has important implications on the manner policy problems are represented and decision-making is framed. Is contemporary democracy compatible with science in real-world policy-making? This book gives answers in the affirmative. It also asserts that this congruence can have positive implications not only in terms of economic prosperity but also when dealing with the difficult sustainability policy problems of our millennium. To address contemporary issues economic science will have to expand its empirical relevance by introducing more and more realistic assumptions to its models. One of the most interesting research orientations in recent times in the field of public economics is the explicit attempt to take account of political constraints, interest groups and collusion effects. One of the main novelties of this book is its establishment of a clear relationship between social and public choice theories on one hand, and multiple criteria decision analysis on the other.
Social media management : Technologies and strategies for creating business value
Adopts the perspective of organizations - not individuals - and clarifies the impact of social media on their different departments or disciplines, While also exploring how organizations use social media to create business value. To do so, The book pursues a uniquely multi-disciplinary approach, embracing IT, marketing, HR and many other fields. Readers will benefit from a comprehensive selection of current topics, including: Tools, tactics and strategies for social media, internal and external communication, viral marketing campaigns, social CRM, employer branding, E-recruiting, search engine optimization, social mining, sentiment analysis, crowdfunding, and legal and ethical issues.
Social Innovations in the Urban Context
This book addresses the practice of social innovation, which is currently very much in the public eye. New ideas and approaches are needed to tackle the severe and wicked problems with which contemporary societies are struggling. Especially in times of economic crisis, social innovation is regarded as one of the crucial elements needed to move forward. Our knowledge of its dynamics has significantly progressed, thanks to an abundance of studies on social innovation both general and sector-specific. However, despite the valuable research conducted over the past years, the systematic analysis of social innovation is still contested and incomplete.
Social Computing, Behavioral Modeling, and Prediction
Social computing concerns the study of social behavior and context based on computational systems. Behavioral modeling reproduces the social behavior, and allows for experimenting, scenario planning, and deep understanding of behavior, patterns, and potential outcomes. The pervasive use of computer and Internet technologies creates an unprecedented environment where people can share opinions and experiences, exchange ideas, offer suggestions and advice, debate and even conduct experiments. Social computing facilitates behavioral modeling in model building, analysis, pattern mining, anticipation, and prediction. This volume presents material from the first interdisciplinary workshop focused on employing social computing for behavioral modeling and prediction. The book provides a platform for disseminating results and developing new concepts and methodologies aimed at advancing and deepening our understanding of social and behavioral computing to aid critical decision making. The contributions incorporate views from government, industry and academia and they address research problems arising from pressing demands in the real world.
Social Computing with Artificial Intelligence
Provides a comprehensive introduction to the application of artificial intelligence in social computing, from fundamental data processing to advanced social network computing. To broaden readers’ understanding of the topics addressed, it includes extensive data and a large number of charts and references, covering theories, techniques and applications. It particularly focuses on data collection, data mining, artificial intelligence algorithms in social computing, and several key applications of social computing application, and also discusses network propagation mechanisms and dynamic analysis, which provide useful insights into how information is disseminated in online social networks. This book is intended for readers with a basic knowledge of advanced mathematics and computer science.
Social Choice and Strategic Decisions : Essays in Honor of Jeffrey S. Banks
Social choices, about expenditures on government programs, or about public policy more broadly, or indeed from any conceivable set of alternatives, are determined by politics. This book is a collection of essays that tie together the fields spanned by Jeffrey S. Banks` research on this subject. It examines the strategic aspects of political decision-making, including the choices of voters in committees, the positioning of candidates in electoral campaigns, and the behavior of parties in legislatures. The chapters of this book contribute to the theory of voting with incomplete information, to the literature on Downsian and probabilistic voting models of elections, to the theory of social choice in distributive environments, and to the theory of optimal dynamic decision-making. The essays employ a spectrum of research methods, from game-theoretic analysis, to empirical investigation, to experimental testing. In the manner of Jeffrey S. Banks` research, these pieces focus on fundamental social scientific issues, such as the welfare properties of voting systems, the existence and characterization of electroral equilibria, and the impact of parties on political processes.
Social Capital and Business Development in High-Technology Clusters : An Analysis of Contemporary U.S. Agglomerations
The economics of regional clusters, where business formation, technological innovation, and the emergence of a highly-skilled labor force converge, has become a popular topic among academic researchers, entrepreneurs and investors, and policymakers alike. This book applies a variety of tools and models to analyze, in depth, the formation and growth of high-tech clusters, first by exploring the institutional forces that promote the failure or success of such agglomerations, and then by focusing on the dynamics of the labor force, including knowledge and skill transfer, job creation, and hiring practices. Considering the influence of such factors as geographical proximity, inter-firm networks, and ethnic and cultural features, the authors present a rigorous, empirical approach to the development of human and social capital in high-tech environments, with implications for business creation, organizational management, and institutional policymaking.
Snake and spider toxins : Methods and protocols
Explores techniques and protocols, across various biological disciplines, used to study snake and spider peptide toxins. The chapters in this book are organized into four parts and cover topics such as the use of toxins in drug development; analysis of bioactivity of complex mixtures like venom; extraction of venom glands and the production of toxins; characterization of toxins from the RNA level to the peptide structure; and the determination of the toxin’s biological function. Written in the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology series format, chapters include introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible laboratory protocols, and tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls. Cutting-edge and thorough, Snake and Spider Toxins: Methods and Protocols is a valuable resource for both novice and expert researchers who are interested in learning more about this evolving field.
Smittestopp : A Case Study on Digital Contact Tracing
Describes Smittestopp, the first Norwegian system for digital contact tracing of Covid-19 infections, which was developed in March and early April 2020. The system was deployed after five weeks of development and was active for a little more than two months, when a drop in infection levels in Norway and privacy concerns led to shutting it down. The intention of this book is twofold. First, it reports on the design choices made in the development phase. Second, as one of the only systems in the world that collected population data into a central database and which was used for an entire population, we can share experience on how the design choices impacted the system's operation. By sharing lessons learned and the challenges faced during the development and deployment of the technology, we hope that this book can be a valuable guide for experts from different domains, such as big data collection and analysis, application development, and deployment in a national population, as well as digital tracing.
Smart medical laboratory
"One of the most popular terms associated with advanced technological development in any field today, is the word ‘smart’. With the great development that has affected neuronal networks and artificial intelligence in recent years and the revolution in computer vision and detection technologies. And advances in modern technologies such as laptop and mobile with most people and its widespread availability and the Internet has become almost everywhere. It became necessary to modernize the medical laboratories and integrate medicine with technology. Therefore, we proposed this project to start developing disease diagnosis techniques through magnetic resonance imaging, cancerous block detection and CBC blood analysis through computer vision algorithms and artificial intelligence techniques, and this leads to reduced human intervention in these tasks and reduces errors that can occur when diagnosing.
Smart Driver Training Simulation: Save Money. Prevent.
Brings together the basic principles of education and training, modeling, task description and analysis, and the pros and cons of simulation as a training method. It describes the method used to design appropriate teaching and training programs and presents a taxonomy of the main components of the simulator technology. As an example, an interlinked training program which has been carried out is presented, with vehicles and simulators for professional drivers. This is followed by several advanced training programs which have also been tested. These simulator training courses for professional drivers are based on optimized simulator-specific teaching and training matter, covering an economic, anticipatory driving technique as well as self-control, i.e. frustration-resistant driving.
Smart Card Research and Advanced Applications ; 8th IFIP WG 8.8/11.2 International Conference, CARDIS 2008, London, UK, September 8-11, 2008. Proceedings
This book deals with the various issues related to the use of small electronic tokens in the process of human-machine interactions. The conference scopes include numerous subfields such as networking, efficient implementations, physical security, biometrics, etc.
Smart Card Research and Advanced Applications ; 7th IFIP WG 8.8/11.2 International Conference, CARDIS 2006, Tarragona, Spain, April 19-21, 2006, Proceedings
Smart cards are an established security research area with a very unique pr- erty: it integrates numerous sub?elds of IT Security, which often appear sc- tered and only loosely connected. Smart card research unites them by providing a common goal: advancing the state of the art of designing and deploying small tokens to increase the security in Information Technology.
Small RNAs : Analysis and Regulatory Functions
In recent years Molecular Biology has experienced an unprecedented revolution by the discovery of functional small RNAs. The number of cellular processes in which non-coding RNAs are involved is growing rapidly and include gene regulation on the transcriptional, post-transcriptional and translational level. To complicate matters, these processes seem to be strongly interconnected on the one hand, and diverse among different organisms on the other. This volume describes strategies for the discovery and validation of small RNAs and provides a snapshot of our current understanding of the different mechanisms triggered by small RNAs.
Skill path : Intelligent information system for tracking and analyzing higher education outcomes and linking them to the labor market using artificial intelligence
Aims to develop an intelligent information system based on artificial intelligence techniques to track and analyze higher education outcomes, and link them to labor market needs. The project addresses the gap between academic qualifications of students and graduates and actual job market requirements by collecting and analyzing academic and skill-based data to provide personalized recommendations for each user. The system utilizes an ai-powered recommendation engine that generates educational or career suggestions based on the analysis of users’ academic profiles and preferences, matched with labor market data.
Skeletal muscle stem cells : Methods and protocols
Looks at the latest technologies and methods--combined with new genetic tools available in animal models--used in this constantly evolving field. The chapters in this book are organized into three sections: Section one covers muscle stem cells and progenitor cells; Section Two discusses animal models for muscle stem cells and regeneration; and Section Three explores bioinformatics and imaging analysis for muscle stem cells. Written in the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology series format, chapters include introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible laboratory protocols, and tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls.
Singular Sets of Minimizers for the Mumford-Shah Functional
Studies regularity properties of Mumford-Shah minimizers. The Mumford-Shah functional was introduced in the 1980s as a tool for automatic image segmentation, but its study gave rise to many interesting questions of analysis and geometric measure theory. The main object under scrutiny is a free boundary K where the minimizer may have jumps. The book presents an extensive description of the known regularity properties of the singular sets K, and the techniques to get them. Some time is spent on the C^1 regularity theorem (with an essentially unpublished proof in dimension 2), but a good part of the book is devoted to applications of A. Bonnet's monotonicity and blow-up techniques. In particular, global minimizers in the plane are studied in full detail.
Single cell analysis : Methods and protocols
Explores the latest advancements and techniques used to study cell analysis, their capabilities, and the type of results that can be obtained. The chapters in this book cover topics such as FACS; fluorescence microscopy; organic spectroscopy such as MALDI; inorganic spectroscopy such as ICP-MS; and sequencing. Written in the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology series format, chapters include introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible laboratory protocols, and tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls.
Simulation Approaches in Transportation Analysis : Recent Advances and Challenges
Focuses on the latest advanced research on modeling as well as applications of transport simulation, including simulation of vehicle movements on the road, dynamic simulation of traffic flow on transport networks, and simulation of the movement of people in an urban area. Models from the three continents of Europe, North America, and Asia are discussed in detail. Research issues and future directions of transport simulation development are systematically addressed. It is the first book to thoroughly discuss global developments and the broad issues of transport simulation. The book will be useful for researchers and graduate students to understand the application of simulation in transport analysis and future research needs. Practitioners will find the book useful for practical issues such as the applicability of simulation methods, their reproducibility, and output interpretation.
Simulation and Inference for Stochastic Differential Equations : With R Examples
The book is organized into four chapters. The first one introduces the subject and presents several classes of processes used in many fields of mathematics, computational biology, finance and the social sciences. The second chapter is devoted to simulation schemes and covers new methods not available in other publications. The third one focuses on parametric estimation techniques. In particular, it includes exact likelihood inference, approximated and pseudo-likelihood methods, estimating functions, generalized method of moments, and other techniques. The last chapter contains miscellaneous topics like nonparametric estimation, model identification and change point estimation. The reader who is not an expert in the R language will find a concise introduction to this environment focused on the subject of the book. A documentation page is available at the end of the book for each R function presented in the book.
