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Springer Handbook of Atomic, Molecular, and Optical Physics
Comprises a comprehensive reference source that unifies the entire fields of atomic, molecular, and optical (AMO) physics, assembling the principal ideas, techniques and results of the field from atomic spectroscopy to applications in comets. Its 92 chapters are written by over 100 authors, all leaders in their respective disciplines. Carefully edited to ensure uniform coverage and style, with extensive cross references, and acting as a guide to the primary research literature, it is both a source of information and an inspiration for graduate students and other researchers new to the field. Relevant diagrams, graphs, and tables of data are provided throughout the text
Spin Physics in Semiconductors
This book describes beautiful optical and transport phenomena related to the electron and nuclear spins in semiconductors with emphasis on a clear presentation of the physics involved. Recent results on quantum wells and quantum dots are reviewed. The book is intended for students and researchers in the fields of semiconductor physics and nanoelectronics.
Spectroscopy of emerging materials ; Proceedings of the NATO ARW on frontiers in spectroscopy of emergent materials : Recent advances toward new technologies, Sudak, Crimea, Ukraine, from 14 to 18 September 2003.
A comprehensive discussion of the key role of modern spectroscopic investigations in interdisciplinary materials science and engineering, covering emerging materials that are either absolutely novel or well-known materials with recently discovered, exciting properties. The types of spectroscopy discussed include optical, electronic and magnetic, UV-visible absorption, Rayleigh scattering, photoluminescence, vibrational, magnetic resonance, electron energy loss, EXAFS, XANES, optical tomography, time-resolved spectroscopy, and point contact spectroscopy. The materials studied are highly topical, with a focus on carbon and silicon nanomaterials including nanotubes, fullerenes, nanoclusters, metallic superconducting phases, molecular materials, magnetic and charge-stripe oxides, and biomaterials. Theoretical treatments are presented of molecular vibrational dynamics, vibration-induced decay of electronic excited states, nanoscale spin-orbit coupling in 2D Si-based structures, and the growth of semiconductor clusters.
Spectroscopic Properties of Rare Earths in Optical Materials
Aimed at researchers and graduate students, this book provides up-to-date information for understanding electronic interactions that impact the optical properties of rare earth ions in solids. Its goal is to establish a connection between fundamental principles and the materials properties of rare-earth activated luminescent and laser optical materials. The theoretical survey and introduction to spectroscopic properties include electronic energy level structure, intensities of optical transitions, ion-phonon interactions, line broadening, and energy transfer and up-conversion. An important aspect of the book lies in its deep and detailed discussions on materials properties and the potential of new applications such as optical storage, information processing, nanophotonics, and molecular probes that have been identified in recent experimental studies. This volume will be a valuable reference book on advanced topics of rare earth spectroscopy and materials science.
Spatial Filtering Velocimetry : Fundamentals and Applications
The first monograph devoted exclusively to spatial filtering velocimetry, this book includes fundamental theory, imaging optics, signal analysis, spatial filtering devices and systems, plus applications. Also suitable as a tutorial for students and users who are unfamiliar with optics and signal processing, Spatial Filtering Velocimetry treats the principle and properties of this velocimetric technique in a concise and easily readable form, together with full appendices. The book reviews a wide range of systems and applications of the spatial-filtering technique for velocity and related measurements, putting forth examples useful in various fields of science, medicine, and engineering.
Solar-Type Activity in Main-Sequence Stars
In this monograph observational results are summarized in a systematic and comprehensive fashion. The analysis of the various manifestations of such stellar activity leads to the identification of these phenomena with macroscopic non-linear processes in a magnetized plasma. Comparative study of flare stars and the Sun has become increasingly fruitful and is presently an active field of research involving stellar and solar physicists, experts in plasma physics and high-energy astrophysicists. This book will provide them with both an introduction and overview of observational results from the first optical photometry and spectroscopy, from the satellite telescopes International Ultraviolet Explorer to Hubble Space Telescope, XMM-Newton and Chandra, as well as with the present physical interpretation of solar-type activity in main sequence stars. Gershberg's 40-year career studying UV Cet type stars and related objects enables him to provide readers with expert insight into the characteristics of such stars in both the quiescent state and during flares and the reliability of the data over the electromagnetic spectrum and wide temporal scales.
Solar electric power generation - photovoltaic energy systems : Modeling of optical and thermal performance, electrical yield, energy balance, effect on reduction of greenhouse gas emissions
Professor Krauter demonstrates how the importance of accurate yield calculations, optimal system performance, and new prototypes aid in cost reductions. The potential of solar electric power generation as a means to significantly reduce CO2 emissions is also detailed. In addition, various locations for the production and installation of photovoltaic power plants are considered – with surprising results.
Software networks : Virtualization, SDN, 5G, and security ; 2nd ed.
Describes how to create and delete virtual networks on the fly. Indeed, the system is able to create any new network with any kind of virtual resource (e.g. switches, routers, LSRs, optical paths, firewalls, SIP-based servers, devices, servers, access points, etc.). Software Networks shows how this architecture is compatible with new advances in SDN (Software Defined Networking), new high-speed transport protocols such as TRILL (Transparent Interconnection of Lots of Links) and LISP (Locator/Identifier Separation Protocol), NGN, IMS, new generation Wi-Fi, and 4G/5G networks. Finally, the author introduces Clouds of security and the virtualization of secure elements (smartcards) that could certainly transform how to secure the Internet.
Soft Matter Characterization
Progress in basic soft matter research is driven largely by the experimental techniques available. Much of the work is concerned with understanding them at the microscopic level, especially at the nanometer length scales that give soft matter studies a wide overlap with nanotechnology. This 2 volume reference work, split into 4 parts, presents detailed discussions of many of the major techniques commonly used as well as some of those in current development for studying and manipulating soft matter. The articles are intended to be accessible to the interdisciplinary audience (at the graduate student level and above) that is or will be engaged in soft matter studies or those in other disciplines who wish to view some of the research methods in this fascinating field.
Single-shade composite resins : Indications and limitations
The most commonly performed procedure by dentists around the world is probably placing direct composite resin restorations. When compared with indirect restorations, they permit greater conservation of tooth structure while providing high esthetics at relatively lower costs. Therefore the purpose of this graduation project is to discuss the optical and mechanical properties indications and limitation of single-shade universal resin composites.
Single Molecule Chemistry and Physics : An Introduction
The characterization of individual molecules has been a scientifically attractive and challenging task for decades, and remains so today. New technological developments have facilitated great progress in our understanding of the structure and behavior of single atoms and molecules in various environments. This book provides an introduction to the most important experimental and theoretical methods for characterizing and imaging single molecules, including scanning tunnelling and atomic force microscopy of molecules at surfaces, fluorescence studies, near-field optical microscopy and Raman spectroscopy. It also elucidates newly discovered properties of single-molecular systems and their relevance to the fast growing field of nanotechnology.
Shape and Functional Elements of the Bulk Silicon Microtechnique : A Manual of Wet-Etched Silicon Structures
This methodic manual presents a survey of the form-related and functional elements of the bulk silicon microtechnique. It gives a systematic description of simple shape elements and of elements for mechanical, fluidic and optical applications. This manual includes practical instructions for the use of the relevant techniques and an extensive collection of examples for the support of the search for applications via photographs, drawings and references. It serves as a valuable guide to the design of etch masks and processes while summarizing the important properties of silicon, especially aiming at producers of sensors and microtechnical components, as well as producers of components of precision engineering and optical applications.
Semiconductor Physical Electronics
Semiconductor Physical Electronics, Second Edition, provides comprehensive coverage of fundamental semiconductor physics that is essential to an understanding of the physical and operational principles of a wide variety of semiconductor electronic and optoelectronic devices. This text presents a unified and balanced treatment of the physics, characterization, and applications of semiconductor materials and devices for physicists and material scientists who need further exposure to semiconductor and photonic devices, and for device engineers who need additional background on the underlying physical principles. This updated and revised second edition reflects advances in semicondutor technologies over the past decade, including many new semiconductor devices that have emerged and entered into the marketplace.
Semiconductor Optics ; 2nd ed.
The book on Semiconductor Optics has been favourably received by the s- dents and the scientific community worldwide. After the ?rst edition, which appeared in 1995 several reprints became necessary starting from 1997, one of them for the Chinese market. They contained only rather limited updates of the material and corrections. In the meantime scientific progress brought a lot of new results, which necessitate a new, seriously revised edition. This progress includes bulk se- conductors, but especially structures of reduced dimensionality. These new trends and results are partly included in existing chapters e. g. for phonons or for time-resolved spectroscopy, partly new chapters have been introduced like the ones on cavity polaritons and photonic structures. We based the description of the optical properties againon the simple and intuitively clear model ofthe Lorentz-oscillatorsandthe concept of polaritons asthequantaoflightinmatter. But since there is presently at rend to describe at least the optical properties of the electronic system of semiconductors by the optical or the semiconductor Bloch equations, a chapter has been added on this topic written by Prof. Dr. R. v. Baltz (Karlsruhe) to familiarize the reader with this concept, too, which needs a bit more quantum mechanics compared the approach used here.
Semiconductor Nanostructures
This book reports on the state of the art of the growing of quantum dots, the theory of self-organised growth, the theory of electronic and excitonic states, optical properties and transport in a variety of materials.
Semiconductor Nanocrystal Quantum Dots : Synthesis, Assembly, Spectroscopy and Applications
Advances in spectroscopic measurements were always correlated with advances in synthesis. The better the size, shape and surface control of the particles was developed, the more detailed and precise was the spectroscopic information - tained. Applications of nanocrystal quantum dots often require asssembly processes for the formation of polymer hybrids or thin films. This book gives a very competent view on all these facets of nanocrystal quantum dot research.
Semiconductor Lasers : Stability, Instability and Chaos
This monograph describes fascinating recent progress in the field of chaos, stability and instability of semiconductor lasers. Applications and future prospects are discussed in detail. The book emphasizes the various dynamics induced in semiconductor lasers by optical and electronic feedback, optical injection, and injection current modulation. Recent results of both theoretical and experimental investigations are presented. Demonstrating applications of semiconductor laser chaos, control and noise, Semiconductor Lasers describes suppression and chaotic secure communications. For those who are interested in optics but not familiar with nonlinear systems, a brief introduction to chaos analysis is presented.
Scientific Detectors for Astronomy 2005 : Explorers of the Photon Odyssey
The 2005 meeting in Taormina, Italy was attended by 127 professionals who develop and use the highest quality detectors for wavelengths from x-ray to sub-mm, with emphasis on optical and infrared detectors. The 87 papers cover a wide range of detector technologies including CCDs, CMOS, APDs, and sub-mm
Scale Space and Variational Methods in Computer Vision ; 1st International Conference, SSVM 2007, Ischia, Italy, May 30 - June 2, 2007, Proceedings
Constitutes the refereed proceedings of the First International Conference on Scale Space Methods and Variational Methods in Computer Vision, SSVM 2007. This book introduces topical sections on scale space and features extraction, image enhancement and reconstruction, image segmentation and visual grouping, motion analysis, and optical flow.
Roadmap of Scanning Probe Microscopy
Scanning tunneling microscopy - with its applications that span not only atomic resolution but also scanning tunneling spectroscopy, atom/molecule manipulation and nanostructuring, and inelastic electron tunneling spectroscopy - has achieved remarkable progress and become the key technology for surface science. Besides, atomic force microscopy is also rapidly developing and achieving remarkable progress and accomplishments such as true atomic resolution, atom/molecule identification, manipulation and nanostructuring. This book that predicts the future development for all of scanning probe microscopy (SPM). Such forecasts may help to determine the course ultimately to be taken and to accelerate research and development on nanotechnology and nanoscience, as well as all SPM-related fields in future.
