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Micrometastasis
Distant metastases are the main cause of cancer-related death. The onset of the metastatic process can now be assessed in cancer patients by the use of immunocytochemical and molecular methods that allow the identification of disseminated carcinoma cells in regional lymph nodes, peripheral blood or distant organs. There is increasing evidence that the detection and characterization of tumor cells present in bone marrow or peripheral blood can provide clinically important information. In this book, leading experts in the area of micrometastasis research provide an overview that summarizes the current state of research on micrometastatic disease in patients with solid tumors. In each chapter, the technical aspect as well as clinical relevance of micrometastasis detection is discussed. The book addresses basic researchers as well as clinicians involved in the treatment of cancer patients.
Microfluidics diagnostics : Methods and protocols
Explores a wide range of microfluidic-based approaches that exploit the unique features of microfluidic devices, which hold significant potential in the field of diagnosis. Beginning with a section on microchips for sample preparation, including cell-free DNA, exosomes, and cells, the book continues by covering protein marker analysis and detection, single-cell analysis, analysis of bacteria and viruses, as well as human cell-based culture and analysis. Written for the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology series, chapters include introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step and readily reproducible laboratory protocols, and tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls.
Microcirculation in Cardiovascular Diseases
This book offers an extensive review of the most recent data on the pathophysiological role of structural and functional alterations in the microcirculation, particularly focusing on hypertension and diabetes. It covers several relevant and innovative aspects, including the possible mechanisms involved in the development of microvascular remodeling and rarefaction, the technical approaches available for the detection of microvascular alterations, including non-invasive evaluations, the prognostic role of changes in small resistance artery structure, the possibility of preventing or regressing such alterations with appropriate treatment, and the potential clinical advantages of such intervention.
Microbial Root Endophytes
Plant roots may not only be colonized by mycorrhizal fungi, but also by a myriad of bacterial and fungal root endophytes that are usually not considered by the investigators of classic symbioses. This is the first book dedicated to the interactions of non-mycorrhizal microbial endophytes with plant roots. The phenotypes of these interactions can be extremely plastic, depending on environmental factors, nutritional status, genetic disposition and developmental stages of the two partners. The book deals with diversity, life history strategies, interactions, applications in agriculture and forestry, methods for isolation, cultivation, and both conventional and molecular methods for identification and detection of these endophytes. The comprehensive reviews demonstrate the high diversity of interactions and will provoke further studies to better understand the mechanisms which determine whether a plant-microbial interaction remains asymptomatic, leads to disease or to a mutualistic interaction.
Metastasis of Breast Cancer
The book has covered a broad range of topics in the metastasis of breast cancer, from genetics, biology to clinical management. Main topics include genetic control, biology, growth factors, cell adhesion, cell motility and invasion, natures of bone metastasis, sentinel node therapies, hormonal links, new biomarkers and detection of micrometastasis, and diagnosis The book also covers the current treatment options including surgical management, chemotherapy and hormonal therapies.
Metaheuristic Optimization Algorithms in Civil Engineering : New Applications
Discusses the application of metaheuristic algorithms in a number of important optimization problems in civil engineering. Advances in civil engineering technologies require greater accuracy, efficiency and speed in terms of the analysis and design of the corresponding systems. As such, it is not surprising that novel methods have been developed for the optimal design of real-world systems and models with complex configurations and large numbers of elements.
Melting Hadrons, Boiling Quarks - From Hagedorn Temperature to Ultra-Relativistic Heavy-Ion Collisions at CERN : With a Tribute to Rolf Hagedorn
Shows how the study of multi-hadron production phenomena in the years after the founding of CERN culminated in Hagedorn's pioneering idea of limiting temperature, leading on to the discovery of the quark-gluon plasma -- announced, in February 2000 at CERN.
Mediterranean Land-surface Processes Assessed from Space
1. 1 Space View and Ground Observations 1 1. 2 Mediterranean Climatic Environment 2 1. 3 Processes at Surfaces 10 1. 3. 1 Deforestation and Land-use Changes 10 1. 3. 2 Water Related Problems 16 1. 3. 3 Fire, Grazing, and Land Degradation 19 1. 3. 4 Drought, Floods, Frost, and Desertification 21 1. 3. 5 Coupling Between Surface and Atmosphere: The Role of the Atmospheric Boundary Layer 25 1. 4 Role and Capabilities of Measurements Made From Space 30 1. 4. 1 Research Programmes 30 1. 4. 2 Expected Information 32 1. 4. 3 Research Strategy 33 1. 4. 4 Observation of Changes in Heterogeneous Landscapes: Spatial and Temporal Scales 35 1. 4. 5 Land-surface Change Indicators Observable from Space 36 Spectral Characteristics of Vegetation and Soils (36); Responses of Remote Sensing Signals to Changes of Land-surface Properties (40) 1. 5 About this Book 48 Chapter 2 Processing and Archiving of Satellite and Ancillary Data 51 2. 1 Introduction 51 2. 2 The Remote Sensing Data Base 55 2. 2. 1 Satellite Instruments 55 The NOAA Observing System (55); Meteosat (57); Nimbus-7 (59); Landsat (59); SPOT (61); DMSP (62); ERS-1 and ERS-2 (62); TRMM (63); Terra (64); Envisat (65); Aqua (66) 2. 2. 2 Aircraft Instruments 66 The Use of Aircraft for Land-surface Process Studies (66); AVIRIS (67); TMS (68); AIRSAR (68); DIAL (69) 2. 3 Reception, Acquisition and Availability of Satellite Data 70 2. 3.
MDATA : A New Knowledge Representation Model: Theory, Methods and Applications
This book introduces a new knowledge representation model called MDATA (Multi-dimensional Data Association and inTelligent Analysis). By modifying the representation of entities and relations in knowledge graphs, dynamic knowledge can be efficiently described with temporal and spatial characteristics. The MDATA model can be regarded as a high-level temporal and spatial knowledge graph model, which has strong capabilities for knowledge representation. This book introduces some key technologies in the MDATA model, such as entity recognition, relation extraction, entity alignment, and knowledge reasoning with spatiotemporal factors. The MDATA model can be applied in many critical applications and this book introduces some typical examples, such as network attack detection, social network analysis, and epidemic assessment.
IP operations and management ; 8th IEEE International workshop, IPOM 2008, Samos Island, Greece, September 22-26, 2008. Proceedings
Constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 8th IEEE Workshop on IP Operations and Management, IPOM 2008, held on Samos Island, Greece, on September 22-26, 2008, as part of the 4th International Week on Management of Networks and Services, Manweek 2008. The 12 revised full papers presented in this volume were carefully reviewed and selected from 30 submissions. The papers are organized in topical sections on network anomaly detection; traffic engineering, protection, and recovery; network measurements and applications; and network management and security.
Inverse Problems in Electric Circuits and Electromagnetics
This text treats important new methods in inverse problems in electromagnetics. The inverse problems such as synthesis, diagnostics, fault detection, and identification are becoming one of the most important subjects in the field because of the significant practical applications to electric circuits and electromagnetics. This book introduces the recent achievements in mathematics and computing, while focusing on an approach to inverse problems that provides numerical solutions. The text systematically supplies descriptions of the most important practical inverse problems and the methods to solve them, thereby providing the reader with the best application for these intuitive processes. Also included are descriptions of the properties of inverse problems and known methods of their solution as well as the practical implementation of these methods in electric circuits theory and electromagnetic field theory.
Intrusion Detection Systems
Sٍheds new light on defense alert systems against computer and network intrusions. It also covers integrating intrusion alerts within security policy framework for intrusion response, related case studies and much more. This volume is presented in an easy-to-follow style while including a rigorous treatment of the issues, solutions, and technologies tied to the field.
Intrusion Detection and Correlation : Challenges and Solutions
Challenges and Solutions presents intrusion detection systems (IDSs) and addresses the problem of managing and correlating the alerts produced. This volume discusses the role of intrusion detection in the realm of network security with comparisons to traditional methods such as firewalls and cryptography. Challenges and Solutions analyzes the challenges in interpreting and combining (i.e., correlating) alerts produced by these systems. In addition, existing academic and commercial systems are classified; their advantage and shortcomings are presented, especially in the case of deployment in large, real-world sites. Challenges and Solutions is designed for a professional audience composed of researchers and practitioners in industry. This book is also suitable for graduate-level students in computer science.
Intrusion and Malware Detection and Vulnerability Assessment 2nd International Conference, DIMVA 2005, Vienna, Austria, July 7-8, 2005, Proceedings
Represents an increase of approximately 25% compared with the n- ber of submissions last year. All submissions were carefully reviewed by at least three Program Committee members or external experts according to the cri- ria of scienti?c novelty, importance to the ?eld, and technical quality. The ?nal selection took place at a meeting held on March 18, 2005, in Zurich, Switz- land. Fourteen full papers were selected for presentation and publication in the conference proceedings. In addition, three papers were selected for presentation in the industry track of the conference. The program featured both theoretical and practical research results, which were grouped into six sessions. Philip Att?eld from the Northwest Security Institute gave the opening keynote speech. The slides presented by the authors are available on the DIMVA 2005 Web site at http://www.dimva.org/dimva2005 We sincerely thank all those who submitted papers as well as the Program Committee members and the external reviewers for their valuable contributions.
Interactive Video : Algorithms and Technologies
This is a groundbreaking resource that covers both algorithms and technologies of interactive videos, so that businesses in IT and data managements, scientists, teachers, and software engineers in video processing and computer vision, coaches and instructors that use video technology in teaching, and finally end-users of hyper videos will greatly benefit from it. This comprehensive four part book contains excellent scientific and up-to-date contributions made by a number of pioneering scientists, futurists and experts in the field.
Intelligent Tutoring Systems ; 8th International Conference, ITS 2006, Jhongli, Taiwan, June 26-30, 2006 Proceedings
This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 8th International Conference on Intelligent Tutoring Systems, ITS 2006, held in Jhongli, Taiwan in June 2006. The 67 revised full papers and 40 poster papers presented together with abstracts of 6 keynote talks were carefully reviewed and selected from over 200 submissions. The papers are organized in topical sections on assessment, authoring tools, bayesian reasoning and decision-theoretic approaches, case-based and analogical reasoning, cognitive models, collaborative learning, elearning and web-based intelligent tutoring systems, error detection and handling, feedback, gaming behavior, learner models, motivation, natural language techniques for intelligent tutoring systems, scaffolding, simulation, as well as tutorial dialogue and narrative.
Intelligent Multimedia Data Hiding : New Directions
This book presents the latest research in the area of multimedia data hiding paradigms. The book is divided into four parts and an appendix. The first part introduces multimedia signal processing and information hiding techniques. It includes multimedia representation, need for multimedia, digital watermarking fundamentals and requirements of watermarking. The second part describes the recent advances in multimedia signal processing. The third part presents information hiding techniques including steganography, secret sharing and watermarking. The final part of this book includes practical applications of intelligent multimedia signal processing and data hiding systems. Appendix includes source codes and/or executables related to the topics in some chapters. Interested readers are invited to use these programs.
Intelligent Interactive multimedia systems for e-healthcare applications
It looks at how the latest technologies (artificial intelligence, deep learning, machine learning, big data, IoT, smart device, etc.) help to manage health data, diagnose health issues, monitor treatment, predict pandemic diseases, and more. It covers several important applications of multimedia in healthcare, including for data visualization purposes, for computer vision for elder healthcare monitoring, for detection of lung nodules, for health monitoring and management systems using machine learning techniques, and for fusion applications in medical image processing. The book goes into detail on the various methods and techniques for supporting multimedia systems for e-healthcare.
Intelligence and Security Informatics ; Vol. 3975 ; IEEE International Conference on Intelligence and Security Informatics, ISI 2006, San Diego, CA, USA, May 23-24, 2006.
In the past few years, intelligence and security informatics (ISI) research, which is concerned with the study of the development and use of advanced information te- nologies and systems for national and international security-related applications, has experienced tremendous growth and attracted substantial interest from academic - searchers in related fields as well as practitioners from both government agencies and industry. The ISI community is maturing, and a core set of research methodologies and technical approaches has emerged and is becoming the underpinning of ISI research.
Intelligence and Security Informatics ; Vol. 3917 ; International Workshop, WISI 2006, Singapore, April 9, 2006, Proceedings
Intelligence and security informatics (ISI) can be broadly defined as the study of the development and use of advanced information technologies and systems for national and international security-related applications. The First and Second Symposiums on ISI were held in Tucson, Arizona, in 2003 and 2004, respectively. In 2005, the IEEE International Conference on ISI was held in Atlanta, Georgia. These ISI conferences brought together academic researchers, law enforcement and intelligence experts, information technology consultants and practitioners to discuss their research and practice related to various ISI topics including ISI data management, data and text mining for ISI applications, terrorism informatics, deception detection, terrorist and criminal social network analysis, crime analysis, monitoring and surveillance, policy studies and evaluation, and information assurance, among others. We continued these stream of ISI conferences by organizing the Workshop on Intelligence and Security Informatics (WISI 2006) in conjunction with the Pacific Asia Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining (PAKDD 2006).
