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RNA Editing
The term "RNA editing" describes a diverse set of biochemical processes whereby genetic information is modulated on a post-transcriptional level i.e. on the level of ribonucleic acids (RNA). RNA editing has been demonstrated in viruses, protozoan organisms, in plants and in mammals and in many cases it has been identified as a key step in the regulation of gene expression. This book dedicates a chapter to each of the main types of RNA editing. All sections are written by experts in the various research areas and a specific focus is put on the correlation between RNA structure and function, as well as on the complex cellular machineries that catalyze the different editing reactions. This leads to a "state of the art" compendium of our current knowledge on RNA editing.
RNA based therapeutics
The development of therapeutics to treat human disease has always been a major goal for biomedical research and innovation. Nevertheless, the complexity of the majority of human diseases poses an important and difficult obstacle to overcome. Moreover, the genetic contribution to these conditions complicates the targeting of endogenous and normal processes of cellular functioning, such as transcription and translation...
Risk Prevention in Ophthalmology
TOPICS COVERED: Causes of litigation. Poor communication. Cataract surgery. Retinal detachment. Prescribing and drugs. Glaucoma. Trauma and Intraocular foreign bodies. Medical retina. Retinopathy of prematurity. Anesthesia. Oculoplastic. Strabismus. Tumors. Neuro-ophthalmology. Why patients sue. The four most effective risk prevention techniques. Identifying and managing the litigious patient. Natural history of a medical malpractice claim. Hiring your own attorney. Selection of an expert witness. Discovery. Interrogatories. Examination before trial (deposition). Consideration of settlement. Trial testimony and courtroom behavior. Damages w Appeal.
Rise and Fall of Epithelial Phenotype: Concepts of Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition
Epithelial phenotype is a dynamic stage of differentiation that can be modulated during several physiological or pathological events. The rapid conversion to a mesenchymal-like phenotype is called an epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). The Rise and Fall of Epithelial Phenotype is the first book to comprehensively introduce the concept of EMT. The first part of this volume describes main examples and models and explains their physiological relevance. These examples include hydra morphogenesis, gastrulation in mouse, drosophila and sea urchin, as well as neural crest cell migration and heart morphogenesis in vertebrates. Part two reviews in detail, specific EMT molecular pathways covering extracellular induction, transduction and transcription response and modulation of cell-cell adhesion structures. It emphasizes new specific pathways with potential medical applications. EMTs can also be linked to pathological events such as wound healing and cancer progression.
Ringtailed Lemur Biology : Lemur catta in Madagascar
Ringtailed Lemur Biology is the first comprehensive volume dedicated to the Lemur catta, Madagascar's flagship species, whose black and white tails adorn tourist brochures and children's schoolbooks, and which has been studied in the wild for forty years. Written by leading research scientists in the field, this is the authoritative volume on ringtailed lemur distribution, ecology, social behavior, and health and includes the first maps of their distribution, population, and decline. The editors, and contributors, have united to produce a book of cutting edge knowledge on the lemur species whose troop structure is most like the monkeys of other continents but which proves, like so much else in Madagascar, to be unique.
Rice Improvement : Physiological, Molecular Breeding and Genetic Perspectives
This book emphasizes on the areas of rice science that attempt to overcome the foremost limitations in rice production. Our intention is to highlight research advances in the fields of physiology, molecular breeding and genetics, with a special focus on increasing productivity, improving biotic and abiotic stress tolerance and nutritional quality of rice.
Rice Functional Genomics : Challenges, Progress and Prospects
In this book, various chapters describe the tools and resources being developed worldwide such as expressed sequence tags (ESTs), full-length cDNAs, gene expression profiles (transcriptome, proteome and metabolome), chemical- and radiation-induced mutants, TILLING resources, insertional knockout mutants (T-DNA, transposon and retrotransposon) and activation tags.
Rice Biology in the Genomics Era
There are few more emotive, or important, crops in the world than rice - the staple food for a huge proportion of the world's population. This volume presents the latest results of research in crop improvement as well as in molecular and cellular activities in rice.
Ribosome biogenesis : Methods and protocols
This volume provides comprehensive reviews and describes the latest techniques to study eukaryotic ribosome biogenesis. For more than 50 years ribosomes are a major research topic. Our knowledge about ribosome biogenesis and function such as transcription, mRNA modification, and translation was the sine qua non for developing the powerful RNA-based vaccines against RNA-viruses causing the world-threatening Covid-19 pandemia. The chapters in this book are organized into six parts. Part One discusses a comparative survey about the unity and diversity of ribosome biogenesis in pro- and eukaryotic cells. Part Two deals with the genomic organization of eukaryotic rDNA and the role of RNA polymerase I in ribosomal RNA transcription. Part Three explores in vitro methods to study RNA polymerase I structure and its function, and Part Four analyzes the nucleo-cytoplasmic transport of assembled ribosomes and RNP complexes. Part Five covers modifications that increase the complexity of rRNAs, and Part Six provides readers with a review of eukaryotic translation and - for the first time - describes a new method to analyze translation in vitro.
Rhythms in Plants : Phenomenology, Mechanisms, and Adaptive Significance
This book reviews recent progress in assessing underlying mechanisms controlling plant circadian and ultradian oscillations, and their physiological implications for growth, development, and adaptive responses to the environment. It focuses on mechanisms and theoretical concepts at the level of the cell to the entire plant.
Rho Family GTPases
Humans contain more than 20 Rho type GTPases. This volume not only presents a detailed phylogenetic analysis of Rho proteins, but also discusses the possible origins of the human members. Such an analysis of human Rho GTPases has not previously been attempted. The book includes an overview of how Rho GTPases become activated which is complemented by an extensive Chapter by Darerca Owen and Helen Mott who unravel the beautiful molecular details given to us by the many structural studies of Rho GTPases. The key areas currently being investigated in relation to these ubiquitous proteins are described for both in vitro and in vivo systems. These are presented in a format that ensures the reader can approach the topic with minimal background knowledge, while ultimately bringing the subject to the level of an expert. Timely and highly authoritative, this volume illuminates newer findings, particularly as they relate to Rho proteins in vertebrate biology.
Rhinosinusitis : A Guide for Diagnosis and Management
Rhinosinusitis is one of the most common health care complaints, with many millions of cases managed annually by a variety of practitioners, from family care physicians and pediatricians to allergists, pulmonologists, and otolaryngologists. Rhinosinusitis: A Guide for Diagnosis and Management provides a comprehensive, practical guide to treating this widespread condition. Medical, surgical, and pharmacological management of both acute and chronic forms are discussed by experts with a wealth of clinical experience. Pediatric considerations and the role of allergies, asthma, and systemic diseases such as cystic fibrosis are discussed. A special chapter is devoted to alternative medicine in recognition of its increasing role in health care management. Diagnostic imaging techniques such as MRI and CT are discussed in detail.
Rheumatoid arthritis : Methods and protocols
Explores standard laboratory protocols and methodology commonly used in basic and translational studies in the field of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) treatment. Chapters detail including basic RA models, evaluation of disease activity and immunological status, systemic drug delivery, and new research tools. Written in the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology series format, chapters include introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible laboratory protocols, and key tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls.
Revitalizing health care ethics : The clinician’s voice
This book explores the origins and development of the clinician’s moral voice and how that voice is embedded in the informal ethical discourse of everyday health care. This moral voice, developed over the course of a lifetime—including through professional education and practice—enables clinicians to understand and address the ethical issues that arise in their everyday work with patients, families, and colleagues. The early chapters explain how health care students move from outsiders to insiders—members of the distinct moral and professional communities that define each particular field of health care.
Revision Sinus Surgery
In this extraordinary guide, the world’s most prominent rhinologists illustrate their experiences in the diagnosis and management of recurrent sinus disease and skull base lesions. Chapters are lavishly illustrated and cover: preoperative planning / medical management / relevant surgical techniques/ how to avoid complications / management of complications. This invaluable resource is designed to prevent complications and improve the outcomes of revision sinus surgeries. Both practicing and in-training otolaryngologists can use this comprehensive volume as an all-in-one source for the evaluation and management of recurrent sinus disease and skull base pathology.
Reviews of Physiology, Biochemistry and Pharmacology Vol.152
Albert-Ludwigs-Univ., Freiburg, Germany. Text offers in-depth reviews of current developments and trends. Focuses on key points in an attempt to highlight the advancements in these fields. More than 57 full-color and halftone illustrations and graphs included.
Reviews of Physiology, Biochemistry and Pharmacology ; Vol.159
Amyloids are filamentous protein deposits ranging in size from nanometres to microns and composed of aggregated peptide β-sheets formed from parallel or anti-parallel alignments of peptide β-strands. Amyloid-forming proteins have attracted a great deal of recent attention because of their association with over 30 diseases. This article highlights some key factors that have been found to influence amyloidogenesis.
Reviews of Physiology, Biochemistry and Pharmacology ; Vol.158
The cells of the renal proximal tubule have a high capacity for uptake of proteins filtered in the glomeruli, reflected by an extensively developed endocytic apparatus and the normal very low urinary excretion of plasma proteins. The cutoff molecular mass for glomerular filtration of plasma proteins under physiological conditions is generally considered to be in the range of 60 kDa, corresponding approximately to the molecular mass of serum albumin.
Reviews of Physiology, Biochemistry and Pharmacology ; Vol.157
For years, research has focused on how to treat heart failure by sustaining the overloaded remaining cardiomyocytes. Recently, the concept of cell replacement therapy as a treatment of heart diseases has opened a new area of investigation. In this review, we compare the specificities of embryonic vs adult stem cell populations regarding their cardiac differentiation potential, and we give an overview of what in vitro models have taught us about cardiogenesis.
Reviews of Physiology, Biochemistry and Pharmacology ; Vol.156
This review will examine the classical proteins that have been linked to acid secretion as well as some recently identi?ed proteins that may modulate gastric acid secretion, in - dition we discuss the known secretagogues, and their receptors including a new receptor, which upon stimulation can lead to acid secretion.
